HASTELLOY C276 (UNS N10276): The Reliable Super Alloy of Abrasive Environments
Technical Definition and Composition Properties
Hastelloy C276 is a nickel-based super alloy developed to operate in extreme corrosion environments. Its main components are approximately 57% nickel, 15.5% molybdenum, 15.5% chromium, 5.5% iron and 3.5% tungsten; it also contains small amounts of cobalt, manganese, vanadium, carbon, silicon and phosphorus.
C276 is a versatile alloy providing a broad spectrum of resistance to both oxidising and reducing environments. It provides superior protection especially against demanding chemical compositions such as wet chlorine gas, hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, organic and inorganic acids, sea water and acidic slurries.
In terms of microstructure it is austenitic in character, and since no grain boundary precipitation forms after welding, the risk of corrosion cracking is low even in heat sensitive environments. Thanks to this property it is described in industry as a “weldable super alloy“.
ASTM, AMS and Other Standards for Hastelloy C276
Hastelloy C276 should be produced and tested in compliance with the following standards:
- ASTM B575 – Sheet, plate, strip products
- ASTM B622 / B619 / B626 – Seamless and welded pipes
- ASTM B564 – Forged parts and flanges
- ASTM B366 – Welded fittings
- ASME SB-575 – Requirements for pressure vessel applications
- UNS N10276 – Unified Numbering System chemical designation
- W.Nr. 2.4819 – European designation code
The project suitability of products supplied in line with these norms is guaranteed. Certification in line with these standards is mandatory especially in the petrochemical, pharmaceutical, energy and marine sectors.
Hastelloy C276 Trade Names and Equivalents
- Hastelloy® C-276® – Trade name registered by Haynes International
- Alloy C-276 – Widely used in the technical literature
- UNS N10276 – Chemical composition reference
- Werkstoff Nr. 2.4819 – European equivalent
- NiMo16Cr15W – Chemical symbol according to the EN standard
Among its equivalents are alloys such as Nicrofer 5716, ATI C-276, VDM Alloy C-276 and Haynes C276. C-276, however, stands out with its stable weldability and industry-wide reliability.
Hastelloy C-276 Application Areas
Hastelloy C276 is preferred in complex environments where abrasive fluids combine with high temperature and pressure:
1.Chemical and Petrochemical Industry
*Lines carrying sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric and phosphoric acids
*Reactor and steam boiler parts
*Chemical storage tanks and agitators
2.Waste Water and Environmental Technologies
*Acidic drainage and waste neutralisation systems
*Catalytic reduction and emission control systems
3.Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology
*Reactor linings durable against cleaning chemicals and sterile environments
*Process fittings in GMP compliant facilities
4.Nuclear and Thermal Power Plants
*Heat exchangers, steam generators
*Aggressive chemical interaction zones in nuclear fuel recovery
5.Marine and Offshore Applications
*Pipe systems in contact with salt water
*Subsea wellhead equipment
In these areas of use Hastelloy C276 provides long life, low maintenance and high safety.
Advantages
- Versatile Corrosion Resistance: It can be used in both oxidising and reducing acid environments at the same time. This makes it ideal especially for variable processes.
- Post-Weld Stability: Unlike other alloys, it does not require post-weld heat treatment. Grain boundary precipitation does not form.
- High Temperature Strength: It preserves its stability up to 1040 °C. It provides metallurgical integrity even in oxidising atmospheres.
- Resistance to Chloride and Acid Environments: It is durable especially against the pitting and cracking caused by chloride ions.
- Ease of Industrial Certification: It complies easily with international standards such as ASTM, ASME and AMS.
Disadvantages
- High Cost: Because of the strategic metals it contains, such as nickel, molybdenum and tungsten, the alloy cost is high. This may not be economical for general structural applications.
- Machinability Difficulties: Because of its hardness and structural stability it requires special cutting tools and low feed rates in machining.
- Heavier Than the Alternatives: Because of the material density and cost it may fall out of favour in applications requiring lightness.
Conclusion and Engineering Evaluation
Hastelloy C276 is one of the nickel-based super alloys most trusted in engineering, resistant to the most demanding conditions of chemical processes. It is a material that directly affects system safety, especially in processes carrying a high corrosion risk.
Although it is in the high price segment, it is advantageous in terms of total cost of ownership because it offers a low maintenance requirement, a long service life and continuous process safety. For this reason C-276 continues to be the indispensable building block of critical components in industrial engineering.
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| Chemical Composition (NiMo16Cr15W) | Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature | | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade | Hastelloy C-276 (2.4819) | Properties | Values |
| Ni | 51-63.5% (typically ~57%) | Density (Specific Gravity) | 9220 kg/m³ |
| Cr | 14.5-16.5% | Melting Point | 1370 – 1420 °C |
| Fe | 4.0-7.0% | | |
| Mo | 15-17% | | |
| W Tungsten | 3.0-4.5% | | |
| Co | max 2.5% | | |
| C | max 0.01% | | |
| Mn | max 1.00% | | |
| Si | max 0.08% | | |
| P | max 0.04% | | |
| S | max 0.03% | | |
| Cu | max 0.50% | | |
| V | max 0.35% | |
We supply this material
We supply Hastelloy C276 (2.4819) — to ASTM B574 / ASTM B575 standards, in the dimensions and forms required. For stock availability and pricing:
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