{"id":6208,"date":"2026-09-25T19:52:37","date_gmt":"2026-09-25T16:52:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/25\/aisi-405-aisi-410-farki\/"},"modified":"2026-09-30T10:43:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T07:43:16","slug":"aisi-405-aisi-410-farki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/25\/aisi-405-aisi-410-farki\/","title":{"rendered":"AISI 405 ile AISI 410 Aras\u0131ndaki Fark Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

AISI 405<\/strong> ve AISI 410<\/strong> krom oran\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n iki %13 krom \u00e7eli\u011fidir. Ama biri sertle\u015fir, di\u011feri sertle\u015fmez — ve bunun sebebi al\u00fcminyumdur<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Al\u00fcminyum ne yap\u0131yor?<\/h3>\n

AISI 405’in bile\u015fiminde %0,10 – 0,30 al\u00fcminyum<\/strong> bulunur. Al\u00fcminyum g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ferrit yap\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r: y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta \u00f6stenit olu\u015fumunu bast\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6stenit olu\u015fmazsa, so\u011fuma s\u0131ras\u0131nda martenzite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek bir faz da yoktur. Sonu\u00e7: AISI 405 su verilerek sertle\u015ftirilemez.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu, birden fazla ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakla do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Penn Stainless, 405’in di\u011fer %12 krom kalitelerin aksine sertle\u015fmeye direndi\u011fini belirtiyor. Kuzey Amerika Paslanmaz \u00c7elik Birli\u011fi (SSINA) S40500’\u00fc ferritik<\/em> tablosuna koyuyor, 410’un bulundu\u011fu martenzitik tablosuna de\u011fil. ASTM A479, S40500 i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca tavlanm\u0131\u015f durum tan\u0131mlar — 410’daki T, H, 2, 3 gibi sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f durumlar 405 i\u00e7in yoktur.<\/p>\n

410 ise sertle\u015fir<\/h3>\n

AISI 410 klasik bir martenzitik paslanmazd\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 950 – 1010 °C’den su verilip temperlenir ve mukavemeti buradan gelir. EN 10088-3’e g\u00f6re +QT650 durumunda akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 en az 450 MPa, \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131 650 – 850 MPa’d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunun bedeli kaynakta \u00f6denir: 410 kaynaklanabilir, ancak \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131tma ve kaynak sonras\u0131 \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem gerektirir.<\/strong> 405’in varl\u0131k sebebi tam olarak budur — sertle\u015fmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in kaynak sonras\u0131 tavlama gerektirmeden kullan\u0131labilen bir %13 krom \u00e7eli\u011fi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Rakamlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h3>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d6ZELL\u0130K<\/th>\nAISI 405<\/th>\nAISI 410<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Yap\u0131<\/td>\nferritik<\/td>\nmartenzitik<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Karbon (C)<\/td>\nmax %0,08<\/td>\n%0,08 – 0,15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Silisyum (Si)<\/td>\nmax %1,00<\/td>\nmax %1,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mangan (Mn)<\/td>\nmax %1,00<\/td>\nmax %1,00 (ASTM) \/ max %1,50 (EN)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fosfor (P)<\/td>\nmax %0,040<\/td>\nmax %0,040<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Al\u00fcminyum (Al)<\/strong><\/td>\n%0,10 – 0,30<\/strong><\/td>\nbelirtilmez<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Krom (Cr)<\/td>\n%11,50 – 14,50 (ASTM)<\/td>\n%11,50 – 13,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nikel (Ni)<\/td>\nmax %0,50 – 0,60<\/td>\nmax %0,75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molibden (Mo)<\/td>\nbelirtilmez<\/td>\nbelirtilmez<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Su vererek sertle\u015fme<\/td>\nhay\u0131r<\/strong><\/td>\nevet<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Akma (Rp0,2)<\/td>\n\u2265 170 MPa (tavl\u0131 levha)<\/td>\n\u2265 450 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ekme (Rm)<\/td>\n\u2265 415 MPa (tavl\u0131 levha)<\/td>\n650 – 850 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kopma uzamas\u0131<\/td>\n\u2265 %20<\/td>\n\u2265 %15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

AISI 405’in mekanik de\u011ferleri<\/h3>\n

405 sertle\u015fmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in tek bir teslim durumu vard\u0131r: tavlanm\u0131\u015f<\/strong>. Ama de\u011ferler \u00fcr\u00fcn formuna g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir ve bu fark s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye girecek kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr — boruda akma minimumu levhadakinin \u00fczerindedir.<\/strong> Tek bir “405 mekanik \u00f6zellikleri” tablosu yay\u0131mlayan kaynaklar bu y\u00fczden yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d6ZELL\u0130K<\/th>\nLevha \/ sac (ASTM A240)<\/th>\nBoru (ASTM A268 TP405)<\/th>\n\u00c7ubuk (ASTM A479)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u00c7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131 (Rm), min<\/td>\n415 MPa (60 ksi)<\/td>\n415 MPa (60 ksi)<\/td>\n415 MPa (60 ksi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 (Rp0,2), min<\/strong><\/td>\n170 MPa (25 ksi)<\/strong><\/td>\n205 MPa (30 ksi)<\/strong><\/td>\n170 MPa (25 ksi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kopma uzamas\u0131 (50 mm), min<\/td>\n%20<\/td>\n%20<\/td>\n%20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kesit daralmas\u0131, min<\/td>\n—<\/td>\n—<\/td>\n%45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sertlik, maks<\/td>\n179 HBW \/ 88 HRB<\/td>\n207 HB \/ 95 HRB<\/td>\n207 HBW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

\u00c7ubuk s\u00fctunu (ASTM A479) yaln\u0131zca standard\u0131n kendi metninden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bunu tekrarlayan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir \u00fcretici veri sayfas\u0131 bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer iki s\u00fctun d\u00f6rder ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kurulu\u015fta do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n

Avrupa taraf\u0131: 1.4002<\/h3>\n

EN 10088-2’de 1.4002’nin minimumlar\u0131 da \u00fcr\u00fcn tipine g\u00f6re ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r. (Kaynak: Guanyu Tube’un EN 10088-2 reprod\u00fcksiyonu; Rm ve uzama Aalco taraf\u0131ndan da do\u011frulan\u0131yor.)<\/em><\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00dcR\u00dcN T\u0130P\u0130 (EN 10088-2)<\/th>\nRp0,2 min<\/th>\nRp1,0 min<\/th>\nRm<\/th>\nA min<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
So\u011fuk haddelenmi\u015f \u015ferit (\u2264 8 mm)<\/td>\n230 MPa<\/td>\n250 MPa<\/td>\n400 – 600 MPa<\/td>\n%17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u0131cak haddelenmi\u015f \u015ferit (\u2264 13,5 mm)<\/td>\n210 MPa<\/td>\n230 MPa<\/td>\n400 – 600 MPa<\/td>\n%17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
S\u0131cak haddelenmi\u015f levha (\u2264 25 mm)<\/td>\n210 MPa<\/td>\n230 MPa<\/td>\n400 – 600 MPa<\/td>\n%17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
\n

1.4002 \u00e7ubuk i\u00e7in EN 10088-3 sertifikas\u0131 \u0130STENEMEZ.<\/p>\n

X6CrAl13 \/ 1.4002, EN 10088-3 (uzun \u00fcr\u00fcnler) standard\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131nda yer almaz<\/strong> — ne bile\u015fim ne mekanik tablosunda. \u00c7ubuk talebi ASTM A479 veya A276 \u00fczerinden y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmelidir. (CEN’in EN 10088-3 metni ve Guanyu Tube’un grade listesi taranarak do\u011fruland\u0131.)<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Uzama \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc boyuna dikkat:<\/strong> ASTM’in %20’si 50 mm \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc boyunda, EN’in %17’si 5,65√S₀ \u00fczerinden verilir. Bu iki say\u0131 do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n

Tavlama:<\/strong> en \u00e7ok kaynakta bulu\u015fan uygulama 649 – 760 °C, havada so\u011futma<\/strong>‘d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 kaynaklar 800 – 870 °C’ye kadar \u00e7\u0131kan aral\u0131klar bildiriyor (SteelPRO 700–800 °C, Artizono 800–850 °C, Lord Fin Tube 817–871 °C). Bunun bir standart \u015fart\u0131 de\u011fil, end\u00fcstri uygulamas\u0131 oldu\u011funu belirtelim: ASTM A240, A276 ve A479 405 i\u00e7in tavlama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vermez.<\/p>\n

Servis s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> s\u00fcrekli serviste yakla\u015f\u0131k 704 °C<\/strong>, kesikli maruziyette 816 °C<\/strong> (Guanyu Tube, Fushun Steel Tube ve Lord Fin Tube; SteelPRO 705 °C veriyor).<\/em><\/p>\n

Bu tablonun okunu\u015fu.<\/strong> Kaynak ad\u0131 yaz\u0131lmayan sat\u0131rlar en az d\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kurulu\u015fta do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Parantez i\u00e7inde kurulu\u015f ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en sat\u0131rlar daha az say\u0131da kaynakta bulunabildi\u011fi i\u00e7in kayna\u011f\u0131yla birlikte veriliyor. Do\u011frulayamad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hi\u00e7bir de\u011fer yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sipari\u015f verirken dikkat<\/h3>\n
\n

405 “yumu\u015fak 410” de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Martenzitik ailenin sertle\u015fmeyen \u00fcyesi 410S<\/strong>‘tir (UNS S41008 \/ EN 1.4000) ve o, sertle\u015fmezli\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karbondan<\/em> al\u0131r. AISI 405 ise sertle\u015fmezli\u011fini al\u00fcminyumdan<\/em> al\u0131r. \u0130kisi farkl\u0131 malzemelerdir; birbirinin yerine sipari\u015f edilmemelidir.<\/p>\n

ASTM S40500 ile EN 1.4002 de birebir ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir. CEN’in kendi tablosunda 1.4002 i\u00e7in krom aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 %12,0 – 14,0 ve k\u00fck\u00fcrt tavan\u0131 %0,015’tir; ASTM S40500’de krom %11,5 – 14,5, k\u00fck\u00fcrt %0,030’dur. %11,8 kromlu bir d\u00f6k\u00fcm S40500’\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131lar, 1.4002’yi kar\u015f\u0131lamaz.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Hangisi sizin i\u015finiz i\u00e7in?<\/h3>\n

Mukavemet gerekiyorsa 410.<\/strong> Vana par\u00e7alar\u0131, pompa milleri, ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131, t\u00fcrbin kanatlar\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131fa girer; sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve parlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f halde korozyon direnci de en iyi seviyesindedir.<\/p>\n

Kaynakl\u0131 imalat gerekiyorsa ve mukavemet \u015fart\u0131 yoksa 405.<\/strong> Boru levhalar\u0131, \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirici imalatlar\u0131, tav kutular\u0131 gibi kaynak sonras\u0131 tavlanamayacak i\u015fler i\u00e7in \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6sterimler, standartlar ve AMS kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131<\/h3>\n

Ayn\u0131 \u00e7elik, hangi sistemde konu\u015ftu\u011funuza g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 isimle an\u0131l\u0131r. Sipari\u015f ve sertifika kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu buradan \u00e7\u0131kar, o y\u00fczden k\u0131saca \u00f6zetleyelim:<\/p>\n