{"id":4125,"date":"2025-06-25T12:25:29","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T09:25:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/?p=4125"},"modified":"2026-09-17T23:07:23","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T20:07:23","slug":"4340-var-uns-g43400-ams-6414-ams-6454-ams-6484-high-strength-steel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/25\/4340-var-uns-g43400-ams-6414-ams-6454-ams-6484-high-strength-steel\/","title":{"rendered":"4340 VAR (UNS G43400) \u2014 AMS 6414 \/ AMS 6454 \/ AMS 6484 High Strength Steel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- dm-urun-link --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;border-left:3px solid #DD3333;background:#F7FAFB;padding:11px 15px;margin:0 0 20px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55\"><strong style=\"color:#12303f\">We supply 4340 VAR.<\/strong> For dimensions, standard equivalents, stock and quotations, take a look at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-4340\/\"><strong>4340 VAR product page<\/strong><\/a>.<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-urun-link --><\/p>\n<h3><b>4340 VAR: A Vacuum Arc Remelted, Ultra High Strength Low Alloy Steel<\/b><\/h3>\n<h3><b>Chemical Definition and Material Class<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p3\"><span class=\"s2\">4340 VAR<\/span> is a low alloy steel grade that stands out with its high strength, toughness and impact resistance. This steel, to the SAE 4340 standard, is refined by the <span class=\"s2\">vacuum arc remelting (VAR)<\/span> process and thereby acquires an extremely homogeneous structure, free of inclusions and with high fatigue resistance. It is therefore used in critical components in fields requiring high performance, especially <span class=\"s2\">aerospace, defence and automotive<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p3\">4340 steel is a temperable steel containing nickel, chromium and molybdenum and can reach very high tensile strength by heat treatment. The VAR process increases the microstructural quality and performance consistency of this material.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>4340 VAR <\/b><b>Standards and Specifications<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p3\">4340 VAR steel is produced in compliance with the following industry standards:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>AMS 6414<\/b><\/span> \u2013 4340 VAR, aerospace quality, heat treatable<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>ASTM A646<\/b><\/span> \u2013 Vacuum melted low alloy steels<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>SAE AMS-S-5000<\/b><\/span> \u2013 Low alloy steel used in high strength aircraft parts<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>UNS G43406<\/b><\/span> \u2013 Chemical composition classification<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>MIL-S-5000<\/b><\/span> \u2013 Quality control requirements for military applications<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>4340 VAR <\/b><b>Chemical Composition (% by weight, typical values)<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 527px;\" width=\"252\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Element<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>Amount (%)<\/b><\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Carbon (C)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">0.38 \u2013 0.43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Manganese (Mn)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">0.60 \u2013 0.80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Phosphorus (P)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u2264 0.025<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Sulphur (S)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">\u2264 0.025<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Silicon (Si)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">0.15 \u2013 0.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Nickel (Ni)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">1.65 \u2013 2.00<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Chromium (Cr)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">0.70 \u2013 0.90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">Molybdenum (Mo)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p class=\"p1\">0.20 \u2013 0.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">Thanks to the VAR process these components have a more consistent distribution, and the mechanical performance of the material becomes more predictable.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>4340 VAR <\/b><b>Physical and Mechanical Properties<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">Properties obtained by subjecting it to heat treatment:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><b>Tensile Strength (UTS):<\/b><span class=\"s1\"> 1080 \u2013 1960 MPa<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><b>Yield Strength (YS):<\/b><span class=\"s1\"> 930 \u2013 1800 MPa<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><b>Elongation (%):<\/b><span class=\"s1\"> 10 \u2013 18<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Toughness (Charpy V-Notch):<\/b><\/span> 20 \u2013 40 J (even at low temperatures)<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Hardness (Rockwell C):<\/b><\/span> 28 \u2013 45 HRC (after heat treatment)<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Density:<\/b><\/span> 7.85 g\/cm\u00b3<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><b>Modulus of Elasticity:<\/b><span class=\"s1\"> 205 GPa<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">The desired level of strength and toughness is obtained by applying quenching in oil or polymer and tempering as heat treatment.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>Application Areas<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\">4340 VAR steel is used in critical structural parts thanks to its extraordinary fatigue strength and impact toughness. Its principal areas of use are given below:<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>1.Aerospace Industry<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">#Landing gear shafts<br \/>\n#Propeller shafts and rotor shafts<br \/>\n#Piston rods, fasteners<br \/>\n#Jet engine parts (at a secondary level)<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>2.Defence and Ballistic Systems<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">#Armoured vehicle shafts<br \/>\n#Fittings for gun and rocket systems<br \/>\n#Barrels and highly stressed weapon parts<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>3.Automotive and Motorsport<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">#High performance crankshafts<br \/>\n#Differential shafts<br \/>\n#Racing car suspension parts<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><b>4.Energy and Industrial Machinery<\/b><b><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">#Turbine shafts<br \/>\n#Gear systems and highly stressed connections<br \/>\n#Oil and gas drilling systems<\/p>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>Advantages<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>High Fatigue Resistance:<\/b><\/span> The fatigue life is very high, especially with the reduction of internal defects after the VAR process.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Excellent Impact Toughness:<\/b><\/span> It provides high impact absorption even at low temperatures.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Suitability for Heat Treatment:<\/b><\/span> Hardness and strength can be adjusted over a broad range.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Homogeneous Microstructure:<\/b><\/span> Thanks to the VAR process the inclusions it contains are reduced, and strength and toughness become more stable.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Welding and Machinability:<\/b><\/span> Suitable machinability before heat treatment, high performance after tempering.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>Disadvantages<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>High Cost:<\/b><\/span> The VAR process is a costly process; the cost compounds especially in large section parts.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Corrosion\">Corrosion<\/a> Resistance Is Poor:<\/b><\/span> It is not as corrosion resistant as stainless steel; coating or lubrication is required.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Heat Treatment Requirement:<\/b><\/span> The final strength is provided by heat treatment; incorrect application may weaken the mechanical properties.<\/li>\n<li class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>Magnetic Property:<\/b><\/span> It is magnetic; in some applications this may be a disadvantage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr>\n<h3><b>Conclusion and Engineering Evaluation<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"p1\"><span class=\"s2\"><b>4340 VAR<\/b><\/span> offers a top level solution in terms of reliability, strength and life performance in the production of critical structures and mechanical parts requiring high performance. Despite its high cost, it is preferred especially in fields where the tolerance for error is low, such as the <span class=\"s2\"><b>aerospace, defence and racing industry<\/b><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\">The micro-cleanliness that the VAR process brings increases the fatigue life and impact resistance of the material. For this reason 4340 VAR is not merely an alloy but a solution partner for high engineering requirements.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"s1\"><b>#4340VAR<br \/>\n<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s1\"><b>#AMS6414<br \/>\n#AMS6454<br \/>\n#AMS6484<br \/>\n<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s1\"><b>#ASTMA646<br \/>\n#<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s1\"><b>SAEAMS-S-5000<br \/>\n#<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s1\"><b>UNSG43406<br \/>\n#<\/b><\/span><span class=\"s1\"><b>MIL-S-5000<\/b><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><!-- dm-ic-baglanti --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-ic-baglanti\" style=\"margin:28px 0 0;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-left:4px solid #DD3333;background:#FAFAFA;padding:18px 20px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#DD3333;margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.4;\">AMS 6414 \u2014 we supply 4340 VAR<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#333;\">4340 VAR (UNS G43400 \/ equivalent to 1.6565) is a high strength low alloy steel produced by vacuum arc remelting. In aerospace and defence applications it is used to the <strong>AMS 6414<\/strong>, <strong>AMS 6454<\/strong> and <strong>AMS 6484<\/strong> standards.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 14px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#333;\">It is supplied certified, in the dimensions and forms required. Request a quotation for stock availability, the dimension list and pricing.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/contact\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;color:#ffffff;background:#24BEE5;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600;font-size:15px;padding:11px 20px;line-height:1.2;\">Request a quotation for AMS 6414 \u2192<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-ic-baglanti --><\/p>\n<p><!-- dm-benzer --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-benzer\" style=\"margin:22px 0 0;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#FBFCFD;\">\n<p style=\"font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#9aa3a8;margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.4;\">Similar products<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:15px;line-height:2;color:#333;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/27\/aisi-8740-uns-g87400-1-6546-40nicrmo2-2-ams-6322-ams-6325-alloy-steel\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">AISI 8740<\/a>  \u00b7  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/maraging-300\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Maraging 300<\/a>  \u00b7  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/02\/maraging-350-ams-6510-ams-6511-ultra-high-strength-steel\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Maraging 350<\/a>  \u00b7  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/01\/aermet-100-ams-6532-ams-6478-steel\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">AerMet 100<\/a>  \u00b7  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/products\/\" style=\"color:#666;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">All products \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-benzer --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>4340 VAR (UNS G43400) is a vacuum arc remelted, ultra high strength low alloy steel reaching up to 1960 MPa. Chemical composition, mechanical properties, ASTM A646, MIL-S-5000 and AMS 6414, AMS 6454, AMS 6484 standards, aerospace, defence, motorsport and industrial machinery applications.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2123,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>4340 VAR (UNS G43400) \u2014 AMS 6414 \/ AMS 6454 \/ AMS 6484 High Strength Steel - Defence Metal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"4340 VAR (UNS G43400) is a vacuum arc remelted, ultra high strength low alloy steel reaching up to 1960 MPa.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/25\/4340-var-uns-g43400-ams-6414-ams-6454-ams-6484-high-strength-steel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4340 VAR (UNS G43400) \u2014 AMS 6414 \/ AMS 6454 \/ AMS 6484 High Strength Steel - 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