{"id":3958,"date":"2026-09-15T23:27:21","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T20:27:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/?p=3958"},"modified":"2026-09-17T23:07:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T20:07:02","slug":"aisi-316l-duplex-aisi-318-difference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/15\/aisi-316l-duplex-aisi-318-difference\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is the Difference Between AISI 316L and Duplex AISI 318?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>AISI 316L<\/strong> is a fully austenitic stainless steel. <strong>AISI 318<\/strong> (duplex 2205), as its name suggests, is <strong>two-phase<\/strong>: its structure contains roughly half and half <strong>austenite and ferrite<\/strong>. That structural difference changes both the strength and the corrosion behaviour from the ground up.<\/p>\n<h3>Nitrogen and low nickel<\/h3>\n<p>According to our datasheets, chromium rises to <strong>21.00\u201323.00%<\/strong> in 318 while nickel falls to <strong>4.50\u20136.50%<\/strong> \u2014 less than half the 10.0\u201314.0% of 316L. The high chromium forms the ferrite phase, and the reduced nickel supports it. The austenite phase is balanced not so much by nickel as by <strong>nitrogen<\/strong>: in 318 nitrogen is in the <strong>0.10\u20130.22%<\/strong> range.<\/p>\n<p>Nitrogen does not only balance the phases, it also strengthens the material. The result is clear in the mechanical values: where the yield strength of 316L is <strong>170 MPa<\/strong>, that of 318 is <strong>460\u2013500 MPa<\/strong> \u2014 roughly three times as much. The tensile strength rises from 485 MPa to <strong>700\u2013900 MPa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The ferrite phase also provides resistance to <strong>stress corrosion cracking<\/strong>. That is the point at which 316L is weakest in hot chloride environments; the duplex structure largely blocks that mechanism. The low nickel content also makes the material more stable against swings in the nickel price.<\/p>\n<h3>Comparison in numbers<\/h3>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#fff;margin:10px 0 26px;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#fff;\">\n<th style=\"padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;background:#DD3333;\">PROPERTY<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;background:#DD3333;\">AISI 316L<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;background:#DD3333;\">AISI 318 (Duplex)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Structure<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">Austenitic<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">Austenite + Ferrite (duplex)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Carbon (C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 0.03%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 0.03%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Chromium (Cr)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">16.0 \u2013 18.0%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">21.00 \u2013 23.00%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Nickel (Ni)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">10.0 \u2013 14.0%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">4.50 \u2013 6.50%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Molybdenum (Mo)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">2.0 \u2013 3.0%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">2.50 \u2013 3.50%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Nitrogen (N)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 0.10%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">0.10 \u2013 0.22%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Tensile strength Rm<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">485 MPa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">700 \u2013 900 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Yield strength Rp0.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">170 MPa<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">460 \u2013 500 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Elongation A50<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">40%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Density<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">8.00 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">7.805 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Thermal conductivity<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">16.3 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">19.0 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Thermal expansion<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">17.5 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076\/K<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">13.7 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076\/K<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">UNS<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">S31603<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">S31803 \u00b7 S32205<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">W.Nr (DIN\/EN)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">1.4404<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">1.4462<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;margin-top:-16px;\">Values are taken from our product datasheets; section thickness and the applied heat treatment regime change the result.<\/p>\n<h3>Which one, and when?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>AISI 316L is sufficient<\/strong> \u2014 food and pharmaceutical pipework, general process equipment, welded tanks and pipes, architectural applications. It is far easier to form and to weld; there is no need to watch the heat treatment window as with duplex.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AISI 318 is required<\/strong> \u2014 pressure vessels, seawater lines, oil and gas process piping, paper industry equipment, structures working under stress in chloride environments. Because its strength is high, <strong>a thinner wall<\/strong> can be used for the same pressure; that reduces the total weight and, in most cases, the cost.<\/p>\n<p>One point to watch: duplex steels become brittle if they spend a long time in the 300\u20131000 \u00b0C range. 318 is not used in high-temperature applications; austenitic grades are preferred there.<\/p>\n<h3>A step up<\/h3>\n<p>For more aggressive chloride environments there are the super duplex grades <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-f53\/\">AISI F53<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-f55\/\">AISI F55<\/a>. If you want to raise corrosion resistance on the austenitic side, see our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/15\/aisi-316l-aisi-904l-difference\/\">AISI 316L \u2013 AISI 904L comparison<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;border-left:4px solid #24BEE5;background:#f7fafb;padding:18px 20px;margin:26px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;color:#20303c;\">Technical datasheets<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-316l\/\">AISI 316L \u2014 chemical composition, mechanical values, standard equivalents<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-318\/\">AISI 318 \u2014 chemical composition, mechanical values, standard equivalents<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;color:#6b7a84;font-size:14px;\">Both grades are supplied to order in round bar, flat bar, plate, sheet, pipe and forged forms. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/contact\/\">Contact us<\/a> for a quotation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Duplex AISI 318 is a mixture of austenite and ferrite phases; it gives more than twice the yield strength of 316L.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3388,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-comparisons"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is the Difference Between AISI 316L and Duplex AISI 318? 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