{"id":3953,"date":"2026-09-15T22:34:31","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T19:34:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/?p=3953"},"modified":"2026-09-17T23:07:08","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T20:07:08","slug":"aisi-420-aisi-440c-difference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/15\/aisi-420-aisi-440c-difference\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is the Difference Between AISI 420 and AISI 440C?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>AISI 420<\/strong> and <strong>AISI 440C<\/strong> are the two ends of the same family: both are martensitic stainless steels and both are used in the hardened condition. The difference comes down to how far the carbon and chromium contents are raised.<\/p>\n<h3>Carbon rises fourfold<\/h3>\n<p>In AISI 420 carbon is <strong>0.16\u20130.25%<\/strong> and chromium 12\u201314%. In AISI 440C carbon is <strong>0.95\u20131.20%<\/strong> and chromium <strong>16.0\u201318.0%<\/strong>. Carbon rises roughly fourfold.<\/p>\n<p>Carbon that high leads to the formation of a great many <strong>chromium carbides<\/strong> in the structure during hardening. Those carbides are extremely hard and give the material outstanding <strong>wear resistance<\/strong>. According to our datasheet, 440C reaches a hardness of <strong>58\u201362 HRC<\/strong> when austenitised at 1010\u20131065 \u00b0C and tempered at 150\u2013250 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>The price is toughness. The elongation of 440C is in the <strong>2\u20135%<\/strong> range \u2014 the material is hard but brittle. Because part of the chromium is tied up in carbides, its corrosion resistance stays behind that of the austenitic grades despite the high chromium content.<\/p>\n<h3>Comparison in numbers<\/h3>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#fff;margin:10px 0 26px;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#fff;\">\n<th style=\"padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;background:#DD3333;\">PROPERTY<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;background:#DD3333;\">AISI 420<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:12px 14px;text-align:left;color:#ffffff !important;background:#DD3333;\">AISI 440C<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Carbon (C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">0.16 \u2013 0.25%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">0.95 \u2013 1.20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Chromium (Cr)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">12 \u2013 14%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">16.0 \u2013 18.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Molybdenum (Mo)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 0.75%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Manganese (Mn)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 1.00%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 1.0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Hardness<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">max 196 HB (annealed)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">58 \u2013 62 HRC (hardened)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Tensile strength Rm<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">655 MPa (annealed)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">760 \u2013 1950 MPa (depending on condition)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Yield strength Rp0.2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">345 MPa (annealed)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">450 \u2013 1700 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Elongation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">25% (annealed)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">2 \u2013 5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Austenitising<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">1010 \u2013 1065 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Tempering<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">150 \u2013 250 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">Wear resistance<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">Moderate<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">Very high<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">UNS<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">S42000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">S44004<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">W.Nr (DIN\/EN)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">1.4021<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">1.4125<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;font-weight:600;color:#20303c;\">AMS<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">5506 \u00b7 5620 \u00b7 5621<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:11px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid #d7dfe4;color:#41525c;\">5618 \u00b7 5630 \u00b7 5880<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;margin-top:-16px;\">Values are taken from our product datasheets. The AISI 420 values are for the annealed condition; the values after hardening depend on the regime applied.<\/p>\n<h3>Which one, and when?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>AISI 420 is sufficient<\/strong> \u2014 plastic injection moulds, general purpose knives, surgical hand instruments, shafts and pins, parts with a moderate wear load. It is more economical and far easier to machine.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AISI 440C is required<\/strong> \u2014 stainless bearing balls and races, valve components, high-quality knife edges, pump wear rings, precision parts working in abrasive environments. If the specification calls out <strong>AMS 5618<\/strong> or <strong>AMS 5630<\/strong>, the grade being asked for is 440C.<\/p>\n<p>The decisive question in the choice is this: is the part exposed to impact, or to wear? If there is impact, the 420 family is the right side; if it is pure wear, 440C is.<\/p>\n<h3>Intermediate grades<\/h3>\n<p>For hardness requirements between the two there are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-420b\/\">AISI 420B<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-420c\/\">AISI 420C<\/a>, and for a tougher martensitic grade <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-431\/\">AISI 431<\/a>. For the entry grade of the family, see our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/15\/aisi-410-aisi-420-difference\/\">AISI 410 \u2013 AISI 420 comparison<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;border-left:4px solid #24BEE5;background:#f7fafb;padding:18px 20px;margin:26px 0;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:700;color:#20303c;\">Technical datasheets<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 6px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-420\/\">AISI 420 \u2014 chemical composition, mechanical values, standard equivalents<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/aisi-440c\/\">AISI 440C \u2014 chemical composition, mechanical values, standard equivalents<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;color:#6b7a84;font-size:14px;\">Both grades are supplied to order in round bar, flat bar, plate, sheet, pipe and forged forms. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/contact\/\">Contact us<\/a> for a quotation.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AISI 440C contains far more carbon than 420 and reaches 58\u201362 HRC; 420 stays tougher and is more economical.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3296,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3953","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-comparisons"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is the Difference Between AISI 420 and AISI 440C? 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