{"id":3601,"date":"2026-09-16T11:04:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T08:04:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-b-3\/"},"modified":"2026-09-25T16:26:27","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T13:26:27","slug":"hastelloy-b-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-b-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Hastelloy B-3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- dm-hap --><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"dm-ust-baslik\" style=\"font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif !important;text-transform:none !important;font-size:27px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;margin:0 0 10px;letter-spacing:-.01em;\">Hastelloy B-3 \/ (2.4600) \/ UNS N10675<\/h1>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:0 0 22px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;padding:14px 16px 12px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:22px;font-weight:700;color:#fff;line-height:1.25;\">Hastelloy B-3<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-family:ui-monospace,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:12.5px;color:#b9cfdb;line-height:1.5;margin-top:5px;word-wrap:break-word;\">UNS N10675 \u00b7 W.Nr. 2.4600 \u00b7 NiMo29Cr (DIN 17744) \u00b7 ISO NiMo30Cr \/ Ni1067 \u00b7 Ni 65.0 min \u2013 Mo 27.0-32.0 \u2013 Cr 1.0-3.0 \u2013 Fe 1.0-3.0 \u2013 Co 3.0 max \u2013 Mn 3.0 max \u2013 W 3.0 max \u2013 Al 0.50 max \u2013 Ti 0.20 max \u2013 Si 0.10 max \u2013 C 0.010 max. Nominal figures given by Haynes International: Ni 65, Mo 28.5, Cr 1.5, Fe 1.5. DO NOT CONFUSE WITH B-2: B-2 (UNS N10665) is a separate alloy and B-3 was developed to replace it (see the comparison diagram). Trade names: HASTELLOY B-3 (Haynes International) \u00b7 Alloy B-3 (Corrosion Materials) \u00b7 Alloy B3 (Zapp, Virgamet).<\/div>\n<div data-dmkars-blok=\"1\" style=\"border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16);margin-top:13px;padding-top:11px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#7f9fb0;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;\">Not to be confused with<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/15\/hastelloy-b-3-hastelloy-c-276-difference\/\" data-dmkars=\"1\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:4px 11px;border:1px solid rgba(36,190,229,.45);background:rgba(36,190,229,.12);border-radius:99px;margin:0 6px 6px 0;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;color:#9fe2f7;text-decoration:none;\">Hastelloy C-276<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">For what<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">A Ni-Mo SOLID-SOLUTION alloy. IT IS NOT PRECIPITATION HARDENABLE; it cannot be hardened by heat treatment, strength is raised only by cold work and is removed again by solution annealing.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Forms<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">Round bar \u00b7 plate \u00b7 sheet \u00b7 strip \u00b7 seamless pipe and tube \u00b7 welded pipe \u00b7 welded tube \u00b7 forging \u00b7 forged fitting \u00b7 flange \u00b7 valve body \u00b7 bare welding wire \u00b7 covered electrode. All forms are supplied to order.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Standards<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">THERE IS NO AMS NUMBER (see the specification note). ASTM\/ASME: ASTM B333 \/ ASME SB-333 (plate, sheet, strip) \u00b7 ASTM B335 \/ SB-335 (billet, rod, bar) \u00b7 ASTM B622 \/ SB-622 (seamless pipe and tube) \u00b7 ASTM B619 \/ SB-619 (welded pipe) \u00b7 ASTM B626 \/ SB-626 (welded tube) \u00b7 ASTM B564 \/ SB-564 (forgings) \u00b7 ASTM B462 \/ SB-462 (forged or rolled flanges, fittings and valve parts) \u00b7 ASTM B366 \/ SB-366 (factory-made wrought fittings; class marking CRHB3). Europe: DIN 17744 (2.4600 NiMo29Cr) \u00b7 DIN 17750\/17751\/17752\/17754 \u00b7 VdTUV Werkstoffblatt 517. Welding consumables: AWS A5.14 \/ SFA-5.14 ERNiMo-10 (bare wire) \u00b7 AWS A5.11 \/ SFA-5.11 ENiMo-10 (covered electrode) \u00b7 DIN 2.4695 (wire) \u00b7 DIN 2.4696 (electrode). Code: 427 C (800 F) ceiling in ASME BPVC Section VIII Div. 1 and ASME B31.3 \u00b7 343 C (650 F) in ASME Section XII \u00b7 ASME Code Case 2140 \u00b7 ASME Section IX P-No. 44, F-No. 44.<br \/><span style=\"font-size:12.5px;color:#7b8f9b;line-height:1.6;display:inline-block;margin-top:6px;\">NO VERIFIED AMS SPECIFICATION COULD BE FOUND FOR N10675. The two numbers quoted alongside B-3 in the market were checked ONE BY ONE and BOTH TURNED OUT TO BELONG TO A DIFFERENT ALLOY: (1) AMS 5891 \u2014 SAE&#8217;s own catalogue title reads &#8216;Nickel Alloy, Corrosion and\u2026<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Advantage<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">Resistance to hydrochloric acid at all concentrations and all temperatures: the corrosion rate reported in 20% HCl is 0.305 mm\/year (Virgamet), and typical HCl service figures are reported below 0.13 mm\/year.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Welding<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">Welded by GTAW\/TIG, GMAW\/MIG and SMAW\/covered electrode. Filler metal: ERNiMo-10 (bare wire, AWS A5.14) and ENiMo-10 (covered electrode, AWS A5.11); on the European side SG-NiMo30Cr. NO PREHEAT IS REQUIRED.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#fdeceb;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#c0392b;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Limits<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;background:#fdeceb;\">1) IT IS NOT USED IN OXIDIZING MEDIA \u2014 this is the single hardest limit on the alloy. Chromium is only 1-3%; there is no chromium to carry an oxidizing environment.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:14px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/contact\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin:0 8px 6px 0;background:#dd3333;color:#ffffff;\">REQUEST A QUOTE<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/nickel-alloys\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin:0 8px 6px 0;font-weight:600;border:1px solid #12303f;color:#12303f;\">All nickel alloys &rarr;<\/a><span data-dm=\"dm-teknik\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin:0 8px 6px 0;border:1px solid #dd3333;color:#dd3333;\">TECHNICAL DETAILS &darr;<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:9px 14px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-size:11.5px;color:#8a9aa4;line-height:1.5;\">Compiled from manufacturer data sheets \u00b7 confirm against the current specification before ordering<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-hap --><!-- dm-nav --><\/p>\n<style>h4[id^=\"dm-b\"]{scroll-margin-top:120px}#dm-teknik{scroll-margin-top:120px}<\/style>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:0 0 22px;padding:12px 14px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:9px;\">On this page &middot; click to jump<\/div>\n<div><span data-dm=\"dm-b0\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">What Hastelloy B-3 Is<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b1\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Standards by Product Form<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b2\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Product Forms With NO Standard<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b3\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Chemical Composition<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b4\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Mechanical Properties<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b5\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Physical Properties<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b6\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Heat Treatment and Thermal Stability<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b7\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Welding<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b8\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Machining<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b9\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Corrosion<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b10\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){function go(id){var e=document.getElementById(id);if(e){var s=document.scrollingElement||document.documentElement;var y=e.getBoundingClientRect().top+s.scrollTop-118;if(y-0-0-0-0!==y){y=0;}window.scrollTo(0,y);}}function bind(el){el.addEventListener(\"click\",function(ev){ev.preventDefault();go(el.getAttribute(\"data-dm\"));});}function init(){var l=document.querySelectorAll(\"[data-dm]\");Array.prototype.forEach.call(l,bind);if(location.hash){if(location.hash.indexOf(\"#dm-\")===0){try{history.replaceState(null,\"\",location.pathname+location.search);}catch(e){}window.scrollTo(0,0);setTimeout(function(){window.scrollTo(0,0);},80);}}}if(document.readyState===\"loading\"){document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",init);}else{init();}})();<\/script><!-- \/dm-nav --><br \/>\n<span id=\"dm-teknik\" style=\"display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden;\"><\/span><br \/>\nHastelloy B-3 (UNS N10675), also widely known as Alloy B-3, is a very special material within the Hastelloy group of nickel alloys. Not in very widespread use among the Hastelloy materials, this grade is chosen particularly where pure hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and sulphuric acid are present, because it withstands acids of this kind over long periods.<\/p>\n<p>The material contains approximately 65% nickel, approximately 29% molybdenum and around 3% of elements such as tungsten and cobalt that raise its resistance to very demanding conditions. All of these elements make the grade difficult to produce, and because they are all expensive elements these materials are correspondingly costly.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Machinability:<\/strong> Hastelloy B-3 is an alloy of high strength thanks to its high nickel content and molybdenum additions. This can create some difficulties in terms of machinability, but efficient results can be obtained with careful machining methods.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Turning and milling:<\/strong> Cutting tools \u2014 hardened steel and carbide inserts are generally used, as this type of tooling provides resistance to high hardness and temperature. Cutting speed \u2014 low and medium cutting speeds generally give better results, while excessively high speeds can accelerate wear and reduce the quality of the machined surface. Cooling \u2014 using cutting fluids helps prevent overheating and improves machining quality; it is important that the cutting fluid is of a type that will not cause chemical reactions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Weldability:<\/strong> The alloy can be welded by the TIG and MIG processes. The most important factor to observe during welding is the risk of high thermal stress and oxidation, so cleanliness before and after welding is important. High thermal stress during welding can reduce the corrosion resistance of the alloy, so the use of shielding gases and control of process temperatures are recommended.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Heat treatment:<\/strong> The alloy is generally not heat treated, since it already has high temperature capability. Instead, attention should be paid to the temperature tolerances of the material during welding and forming operations.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Chemical Composition (NiMo29Cr) \u00b7 Hastelloy B-3 (UNS N10675)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Ni<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">min 65%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Cr<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">max 1.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Fe<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">max 1.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Mo<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">~28.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Tungsten<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">max 3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">C<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">max 0.01%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Mn<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">max 3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Si<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">max 0.1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Al<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">max 0.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Co<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">max 3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Ti<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">max 0.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Mechanical Properties at Room Temperature<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Density (specific gravity)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">9220 kg\/m\u00b3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Melting Temperature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">1370 \u2013 1420 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"dm-std\" style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Standards and Equivalents \u00b7 Hastelloy B-3<\/div>\n<div data-dmtw=\"1\" style=\"position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;overflow-x:auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Trade name<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Hastelloy B-3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">UNS<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">N10675<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">W.Nr (DIN\/EN)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">2.4600<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">EN chemical symbol<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">NiMo29Cr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">ASTM<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">B335 <span style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;\">(bar)<\/span> \u00b7 B564 <span style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;\">(forgings)<\/span> \u00b7 B333 <span style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;\">(plate, sheet)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Available forms<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Round bar \u00b7 Flat bar \u00b7 Plate \u00b7 Sheet \u00b7 Tube \u00b7 Forgings<br \/><span style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;\">All forms are supplied to order.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- dm-zengin --><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b0\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">What Hastelloy B-3 Is \u2014 and the Real Difference Between B, B-2 and B-3<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\">Hastelloy B-3 (UNS <b>N10675<\/b> \/ W.Nr. <b>2.4600<\/b> \/ DIN <b>NiMo29Cr<\/b>) is a wrought, single-phase face-centred-cubic (\u03b3) <b>nickel\u2013molybdenum solid-solution alloy<\/b>: nominally <b>65 Ni \u2013 28.5 Mo<\/b>, with deliberately small Cr and Fe and essentially no carbon (<b>C \u22640.010 %<\/b>). It contains <b>no meaningful chromium<\/b> \u2014 1.0\u20133.0 % \u2014 and that single fact explains both everything it is outstanding at and everything it fails at. <b>It is a reducing-acid alloy, not a general-purpose corrosion alloy.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Buyers and even some datasheets conflate two entirely different failure mechanisms.<\/b> They are not the same problem and they were solved thirty years apart.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Three Generations \u00b7 Two Separate Metallurgical Problems<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Alloy B<\/b><br \/>(N10001 \/ 2.4800)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Problem: carbide precipitation.<\/b> C \u22640.05 %, Fe 4.0\u20136.0 %, V 0.2\u20130.4 %. The harmful precipitates were <b>M\u2086C carbides (Ni\u2083Mo\u2083C \/ Ni\u2082Mo\u2084C)<\/b>, &#8220;dissolved by exposure to temperatures above 1200 \u00b0C during welding, then subsequently <b>re-precipitated at grain boundaries during cooling<\/b>&#8220;. This is the classic <b>knife-line attack<\/b>: a narrow band immediately adjacent to the fusion line, sensitised by exactly that dissolve-then-reprecipitate cycle, which then corrodes intergranularly far faster than the base metal. <b>Alloy B therefore required a post-weld solution anneal on any part going into corrosive service<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Alloy B-2<\/b><br \/>(N10665 \/ 2.4617)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>The fix was to cut carbon to \u22640.02 %<\/b>, with Fe \u22642.0 and Cr \u22641.0. <b>The carbide problem was solved.<\/b> But removing carbon exposed a second, completely different problem it had been partly masking: <b>long-range ordering of the Ni\u2013Mo solid solution<\/b> into <b>Ni\u2084Mo (\u03b2), Ni\u2083Mo and Ni\u2082Mo<\/b>. These &#8220;are <b>very brittle and provide for easy crack propagation along grain boundaries<\/b>&#8220;, and &#8220;the <b>kinetics of the ordering reaction in alloy B-2 are very rapid<\/b>&#8220;. Measured: <b>B-2 forms Ni\u2084Mo rapidly at around 750 \u00b0C<\/b> and <b>gained 10+ Rockwell A points within 0.5\u20131.0 hour at 700 \u00b0C<\/b>. <b>This is ordering embrittlement, not sensitisation<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Alloy B-3<\/b><br \/>(N10675 \/ 2.4600)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The answer was not to remove molybdenum but to deliberately RE-ADD substitutional alloying elements<\/b> to disrupt the ordering reaction (US Patent 6,503,345). The design rule: total substitutional alloying elements (SAE) <b>2.5\u20137.5 at.%<\/b>; <b>&#8220;SAE plus 0.7 times molybdenum is between about 18 and 20&#8221;<\/b>; Ni 73\u201377 at.%, Mo 18\u201323 at.%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">What Each Addition Does in B-3 (the patent&#8217;s own terms)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Chromium (1.0\u20133.0 %)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The key stabiliser.<\/b> &#8220;It seems to form a more stable <b>Ni\u2082(Mo,Cr)<\/b> phase in these alloys&#8221; \u2014 i.e. it <b>diverts<\/b> the reaction away from brittle Ni\u2084Mo. <b>Above about 4 % Cr, elongation deteriorated and corrosion rates rose<\/b> \u2014 hence the 3 % ceiling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Iron (1.0\u20133.0 %)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Disrupts ordering, but raises the corrosion rate in proportion. The patent&#8217;s preferred band is 1.5\u20133.5 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Manganese (\u22643.0 %)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">&#8220;Improve hot workability <b>and metallurgical stability<\/b>&#8220;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Aluminium (\u22640.50 %)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Deoxidiser during melting. The patent&#8217;s preferred range is 0.25\u20130.75 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Molybdenum shift<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Nominal moved up to about 28.5 % while the Ni\/Mo atomic ratio was tuned <b>out of the worst ordering window<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">The measured result \u2014 the numbers that belong on the page<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>B-2:<\/b> Ni\u2084Mo forms rapidly at ~750 \u00b0C. <b>B-3:<\/b> &#8220;<b>it takes several hours (at around 650 \u00b0C) to induce deleterious second phases<\/b>&#8220;, and the phase that eventually forms is the <b>slower-forming Ni\u2083Mo<\/b> rather than Ni\u2084Mo. The patent&#8217;s hardness data: experimental alloys at 5\u20135.5 at.% SAE &#8220;<b>did not significantly harden even after 24 hours at 700 \u00b0C<\/b>&#8220;, against B-2&#8217;s 10+ HRA in 0.5\u20131.0 h. <b>The commercially decisive sentence is in the patent:<\/b> heating and cooling times &#8220;may safely be about <b>ten times slower<\/b> than the times recommended for B-2 alloy.&#8221; That is what lets you weld heavy sections, slow-cool and air-cool thin sections.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>The corrosion consequence<\/b> (the mill&#8217;s own comparison test): <b>after exposure at 700 \u00b0C, tested in boiling 60 % H\u2082SO\u2084 \u2014 B-3: no cracking at 24 h. B-2: intergranular cracking at 3 h.<\/b> <b>Long-term stability:<\/b> after exposure at <b>540 \u00b0C<\/b>, elongation <b>45.6 % at 4,000 h, 47.1 % at 8,000 h, 43.7 % at 16,000 h<\/b> \u2014 essentially no ductility loss in two years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>The caution that must be printed:<\/b> B-3 is <b>slower, not immune<\/b>. Several hours at 650 \u00b0C still produces Ni\u2083Mo. <b>B-3 is not a high-temperature alloy and is not intended for sustained service in the 500\u2013900 \u00b0C band.<\/b> Keep two claims separate as well: <b>freedom from knife-line attack comes from the low carbon inherited from B-2; freedom from HAZ ordering embrittlement is B-3&#8217;s new contribution.<\/b><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b1\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Standards by Product Form<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-std --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">STANDARDS BY PRODUCT FORM<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Product form<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Standards<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Plate<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B333 \/ ASME SB-333 \u2014 solution annealed and descaled \u00b7 DIN 17750 \u00b7 VdTUV Werkstoffblatt 517. There is NO AMS number (see the specification note).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Sheet and strip<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B333 \/ ASME SB-333 \u2014 sheet and strip below 3\/16 in (4.76 mm) and plate from 3\/16 to 2 1\/2 in carry THE SAME minimum set \u00b7 DIN 17750. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Round bar, flat bar and billet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B335 \/ ASME SB-335 \u2014 billet, rod and bar; solution annealed and pickled or mechanically descaled \u00b7 DIN 17752. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Seamless pipe and tube<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B622 \/ ASME SB-622 \u2014 solution annealed and descaled \u00b7 DIN 17751. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Welded pipe<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B619 \/ ASME SB-619 \u2014 Class I: welded and solution annealed; Class II: welded, cold worked and solution annealed. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Welded tube<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B626 \/ ASME SB-626. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Forging<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B564 \/ ASME SB-564 \u2014 solution annealed; N10675 is within the scope of this specification and its minimums are the same as for bar \u00b7 DIN 17754. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Flange, valve part<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B462 \/ ASME SB-462 \u2014 forged or rolled flanges, fittings and valve parts; N10675 is within scope \u00b7 dimensions to ASME B16.5 \/ B16.47. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Fitting<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM B366 \/ ASME SB-366 \u2014 factory-made wrought fittings; N10675 is within scope, class marking CRHB3 \u00b7 dimensions to ASME B16.9 \/ B16.11. There is NO AMS number.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Welding consumable<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">AWS A5.14 \/ ASME SFA-5.14 ERNiMo-10 (bare wire and rod) \u00b7 AWS A5.11 \/ ASME SFA-5.11 ENiMo-10 (covered electrode) \u00b7 DIN 2.4695 (wire) \u00b7 DIN 2.4696 (electrode) \u00b7 ASME Section IX F-No. 44.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">The rule that AMS numbers come first could not be applied to this alloy: there is NO verified AMS specification for N10675. What stands out on the ASTM side: B333, B335, B564, B619, B622 and B626 all carry THE SAME minimum set for N10675 \u2014 760 MPa tensile, 350 MPa yield, 40% elongation. N10675 was read directly in the scope lists of ASTM B462 and B366; in B366 the class marking is CRHB3.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-std --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Standards by Product Form \u00b7 Hastelloy B-3 (N10675 \/ 2.4600)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Plate \u00b7 sheet \u00b7 strip<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">ASTM <b>B333<\/b> \/ ASME SB-333 \u2014 N10675 is one of five grades (N10001, N10665, N10675, N10629, N10624)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Rod \u00b7 bar<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">ASTM <b>B335<\/b> \/ SB-335<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Billet and bar for reforging<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">ASTM <b>B472<\/b> \u2014 <b>on the mill spec chart only<\/b>, not independently confirmed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Seamless pipe and tube<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">ASTM <b>B622<\/b> \/ SB-622 \u2014 the ASTM scope limits tube to <b>\u226488.9 mm (3\u00bd in.) OD<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Welded pipe<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">ASTM <b>B619<\/b> \/ SB-619<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Welded tube<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">ASTM <b>B626<\/b> \/ SB-626 \u2014 the ASTM scope page <b>explicitly lists N10675<\/b>; \u215b\u20133\u00bd in. OD, wall 0.015\u20130.148 in.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Wrought welding fittings<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">ASTM <b>B366<\/b> \/ SB-366 \u2014 the standard is verified; <b>the grade listing is not independently confirmed<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Flanges \u00b7 forged fittings \u00b7 valves and parts<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">ASTM <b>B462<\/b> \/ SB-462 \u2014 the <b>ASTM title and scope name N10675 explicitly<\/b>; the strongest confirmation of any fitting specification<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Forgings<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">ASTM <b>B564<\/b> \/ SB-564 \u2014 grade listing not independently confirmed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Bare welding rod and wire<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>AWS A5.14 ERNiMo-10<\/b>, UNS <b>N10675<\/b> \u00b7 DIN equivalent <b>2.4695 \/ SG-NiMo30Cr<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Covered electrodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>AWS A5.11 ENiMo-10<\/b> \u00b7 DIN equivalent <b>2.4696 \/ EL-NiMo28Cr<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">ASME Section IX<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Base metal <b>P-No. 44<\/b> \u00b7 filler <b>F-No. 44<\/b> \u00b7 ISO\/TR 15608 Group 44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Europe<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">DIN 17744 <b>2.4600 NiMo29Cr<\/b> \u00b7 <b>VdT\u00dcV Werkstoffblatt 517<\/b> \u00b7 VdT\u00dcV Kennblatt 7615\/7616\/7617 for consumables<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>General-requirements companion<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>\u2014 not confirmed.<\/b> The B333\/B335 scope pages name no companion. <b>Do not publish a companion number<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">ASME Code Acceptance and MAXIMUM CODE TEMPERATURES (these are CODE limits)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Section VIII Div. 1<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>427 \u00b0C (800 \u00b0F)<\/b> \u2014 plate, sheet, bar, forgings, fittings, welded and seamless pipe\/tube<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Section VIII Div. 2<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>NOT ACCEPTED<\/b> \u2014 in a Div. 2 design B-3 cannot be the pressure-retaining material without a code case<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Section I (power boilers)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>NOT ACCEPTED<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Section III Class 2 \/ 3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">427 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Section XII (transport tanks)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>343 \u00b0C (650 \u00b0F)<\/b> \u2014 well below the 427 \u00b0C everyone quotes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">ASME B16.5 (flanges) \u00b7 B16.34 (valves)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">427 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ASME B31.1 (power piping)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>NOT ACCEPTED<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">ASME B31.3 (process piping)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">427 \u00b0C<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>VdT\u00dcV 517<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>400 \u00b0C (752 \u00b0F)<\/b> \u2014 the European ceiling is lower still<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">ASME Code Case 2140<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>One distributor&#8217;s claim only<\/b> \u2014 do not publish without checking the current ASME code-case list<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b2\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Product Forms With NO Standard \u2014 the Commercially Valuable Section<\/h4>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Specification Gaps for N10675<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Cold-drawn \/ spring wire<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>There is NO ASTM (or EN) wire product specification for N10675.<\/b> B472 is <i>billet and bar for reforging<\/i>; A5.14 is a <b>welding-consumable<\/b> specification, not a structural wire spec. Suppliers do sell B-3 wire (annealed &lt;1200 N\/mm\u00b2, spring temper 1600\u20132000 N\/mm\u00b2, single-sourced) but <b>to company specification<\/b>. The honest answer to &#8220;B-3 wire to ASTM&#8221; is: <b>chemistry to B335, mechanicals by agreement<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Castings<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>There is no cast equivalent of B-3.<\/b> The cast Ni-Mo grades are ASTM A494 <b>N-12MV<\/b> and <b>N-7M<\/b>, which correspond compositionally to <b>alloy B \/ B-2<\/b> \u2014 N-12MV carries the higher iron and the vanadium of the original alloy. <b>A standardised &#8220;B-3 cast valve body&#8221; does not exist.<\/b> Sell wrought, or sell N-7M and <b>state plainly that it is not B-3 and does not have B-3&#8217;s thermal stability<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Bolting \/ fasteners<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>There is no dedicated ASTM bolting specification<\/b> for N10675 (no B637\/B473-type document). B-3 fasteners are made <b>from B335 bar to the buyer&#8217;s drawing<\/b> \u2014 state that on quotations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Aerospace (AMS)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>There is no AMS specification for B-3.<\/b> The two AMS numbers circulating on distributor pages <b>both belong to other alloys<\/b> (see the traps)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>NACE MR0175 \/ ISO 15156<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>It could NOT be verified that N10675 appears in ISO 15156-3 Annex A.<\/b> The mill&#8217;s own B-3 brochure and alloy page contain <b>no NACE statement at all<\/b>, whereas the same mill publishes NACE status for C-276, C-22 and 625. With ~1.5 % Cr it cannot survive the oxidising and elemental-sulphur conditions common in sour wells. <b>Write on the page:<\/b> &#8220;B-3 is not a listed sour-service material under NACE MR0175\/ISO 15156-3. It is a chemical-process alloy. For H\u2082S service consult Annex A directly; the listed nickel alloys for that duty are the Ni-Cr-Mo grades (N10276, N06022, N06625).&#8221; <b>Never issue a certificate stating MR0175 compliance for N10675<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b3\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Chemical Composition<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>ASTM B333 \/ B335 (the same table carried into B619\/B622\/B626\/B462\/B564), wt%:<\/b> <b>Ni \u226565.0<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Mo 27.0\u201332.0<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Fe 1.0\u20133.0<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Cr 1.0\u20133.0<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Ni + Mo 94.0\u201398.0<\/b> (a <b>compound limit<\/b> distributors routinely omit) \u00b7 C \u22640.010 \u00b7 Si \u22640.10 \u00b7 Mn \u22643.0 \u00b7 Co \u22643.0 \u00b7 W \u22643.0 \u00b7 Al \u22640.50 \u00b7 Ti \u22640.20 \u00b7 V \u22640.20 \u00b7 Nb \u22640.20 \u00b7 Ta \u22640.20 \u00b7 Cu \u22640.20 \u00b7 Zr \u22640.10 \u00b7 P \u22640.030 \u00b7 S \u22640.010.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">ASTM versus EN Divergences \u2014 the Ones That Matter on a Certificate<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>S<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ASTM \u22640.010<\/b> \u00b7 <b>EN\/VdT\u00dcV 517 route \u22640.015<\/b>. <b>ASTM is tighter.<\/b> A heat certified to EN at S = 0.013 <b>fails ASTM<\/b>. Check the certificate against <b>the specification the customer ordered<\/b>, not against &#8220;B-3&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Al<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>ASTM \u22640.50<\/b> \u00b7 one European mill prints <b>\u22640.05<\/b> \u2014 a <b>tenfold difference<\/b>, and the patent&#8217;s <i>preferred<\/i> Al of 0.25\u20130.75 % is already above that ceiling. Very likely a decimal typo in the mill sheet, but it is published. <b>Use ASTM 0.50 and footnote the discrepancy<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Zr<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ASTM table \u22640.10<\/b> \u00b7 the mill&#8217;s own nominal table <b>\u22640.01<\/b> \u2014 a 10\u00d7 difference. For purchasing, <b>ASTM 0.10 governs<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Mo \/ Fe \/ Cr (DIN route)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">One publisher gives DIN 2.4600 as <b>Mo 26\u201332, Fe 1\u20136, Cr 0.5\u20133<\/b>. That is <b>single-sourced and contradicted by two German mills<\/b> (both publishing 27\u201332 \/ 1\u20133 \/ 1\u20133). <b>Fe to 6 % would be alloy-B territory and would wreck the corrosion rate \u2014 treat it as an error<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Nominal \u2260 specification<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">The mill nominal <b>Ni 65 \u00b7 Mo 28.5 \u00b7 Cr 1.5 \u00b7 Fe 1.5<\/b> is an <b>aim chemistry<\/b>. <b>The specification is the ranges above<\/b>, plus the <b>Ni+Mo 94\u201398<\/b> compound limit almost nobody reproduces. A mill certificate is checked <b>against the ranges<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Chemistry Across the Three Generations \u2014 the Design Logic in One Line<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">C max<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Alloy B <b>0.05<\/b> \u00b7 B-2 <b>0.02<\/b> \u00b7 <b>B-3 0.010<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Mo<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">26.0\u201330.0 \u00b7 26.0\u201330.0 \u00b7 <b>27.0\u201332.0<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Fe<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>4.0\u20136.0<\/b> \u00b7 \u22642.0 \u00b7 <b>1.0\u20133.0 (MINIMUM imposed)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Cr<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\u22641.0 \u00b7 \u22641.0 \u00b7 <b>1.0\u20133.0 (MINIMUM imposed)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Mn \u00b7 Co \u00b7 V \u00b7 Al<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Mn \u22641.0 \/ \u22641.0 \/ <b>\u22643.0<\/b> \u00b7 Co \u2014 \/ \u22641.00 \/ \u22643.0 \u00b7 V <b>0.2\u20130.4<\/b> \/ \u2014 \/ \u22640.20 \u00b7 Al \u2014 \/ \u2014 \/ <b>\u22640.50 (deliberate)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Governing defect<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">M\u2086C carbide \u2192 knife-line attack \u00b7 <b>Ni\u2084Mo (\u03b2) ordering \u2192 embrittlement<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Ni\u2083Mo, slow<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The design logic<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>B-2 drove Fe and Cr down to minimise \u03b2 phase; B-3 REVERSED that and imposed a 1.0 % MINIMUM of each<\/b> \u2014 because a small, controlled amount of substitutional solute turned out to <b>disrupt<\/b> ordering rather than promote it. That reversal is the whole story of the alloy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b4\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Mechanical Properties<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-sert --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">STRENGTH VALUES<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:12px 10px 0;\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 740 354\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;display:block;\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" role=\"img\"><rect x=\"16\" y=\"6\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"34\" y=\"16\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Yield (MPa)<\/text><rect x=\"146\" y=\"6\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"164\" y=\"16\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Tensile (MPa)<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"44\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">ASTM B333 \/ B335 \/ B564 \/ B619 \/ B622 \/ B626 \u00b7 plate, sheet, strip, bar, forging,\u2026<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"50\" width=\"559.9\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"582.9\" y=\"62\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">760<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"68\" width=\"257.9\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"280.9\" y=\"80\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">350<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"108\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">European delivery requirement (Zapp \u00b7 DIN \/ VdTUV 517)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"114\" width=\"515.7\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"538.7\" y=\"126\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">700<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"132\" width=\"239.4\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"262.4\" y=\"144\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">325<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"172\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">TYPICAL \u00b7 plate (Haynes International)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"178\" width=\"652.0\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"675.0\" y=\"190\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">885<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"196\" width=\"294.7\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"317.7\" y=\"208\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">400<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"236\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">TYPICAL \u00b7 sheet 3.2 mm, bright annealed (Haynes International)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"242\" width=\"633.6\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"656.6\" y=\"254\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">860<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"260\" width=\"309.4\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"332.4\" y=\"272\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">420<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"300\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">TYPICAL \u00b7 sheet at 538 C (1000 F)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"306\" width=\"538.5\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"561.5\" y=\"318\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">731<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"324\" width=\"203.3\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"226.3\" y=\"336\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">276<\/text><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Condition<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Hardness<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Yield MPa<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Tensile MPa<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Elongation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">ASTM B333 \/ B335 \/ B564 \/ B619 \/ B622 \/ B626 \u00b7 plate, sheet, strip, bar, forging, pipe, tube<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">350<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">760<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">40%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">European delivery requirement (Zapp \u00b7 DIN \/ VdTUV 517)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">325-340<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">700-1000<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">40%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">TYPICAL \u00b7 plate (Haynes International)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">95 HRBW<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">885<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">57.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">TYPICAL \u00b7 sheet 3.2 mm, bright annealed (Haynes International)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">93 HRBW<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">420<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">860<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">53.4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">TYPICAL \u00b7 bar (Haynes International)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">92 HRBW<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">TYPICAL \u00b7 sheet at 538 C (1000 F)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">276<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">731<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">62%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\"><b style=\"color:#12303f;\">THE FIRST ROW IS THE ASTM SPECIFICATION MINIMUM for room temperature; because B333, B335, B564, B619, B622 and B626 all carry THE SAME minimum set for N10675, they are gathered into one row. THE SECOND ROW is the European (Zapp, DIN\/VdTUV 517) delivery requirement. THE LAST FOUR ROWS are producer TYPICAL values, NOT specification requirements; a typical value never goes into a calculation. BECAUSE N10675 IS NOT PRECIPITATION HARDENABLE, the rows are split by SPECIFICATION and PRODUCT FORM, not by ageing condition; there is NO condition column such as H900 or H1075. THERE IS NO AMS ROW: no verified AMS specification could be found for N10675.<\/b> In the chart, a value given as a range is drawn at its lower bound; the full range is in the table. SPECIFICATION MINIMUM AND TYPICAL VALUE ARE KEPT APART. Only the minimum enters a calculation. THE 760 MPa MINIMUM TENSILE IS HIGHER than the 690 MPa minimum of the C family; in return the minimum elongation is 40% (45% for C-276 and C-22). The difference comes from the alloy&#8217;s high molybdenum content. HARDNESS IS GIVEN IN HRB ONLY; HRC is not meaningful for this alloy (92-95 HRBW in the solution-annealed condition). The 538 C row is NOT a code value: the ceiling in ASME Section VIII Div. 1 and B31.3 is 427 C.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-sert --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Specification Minima \u2014 Two Separate Systems; Do NOT Mix Rows<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ASTM route<\/b> (B333\/B335\/B619\/B622\/B626), solution annealed<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Tensile <b>\u2265760 MPa (110 ksi)<\/b> \u00b7 Rp0.2 <b>\u2265350 MPa (51 ksi)<\/b> \u00b7 Elongation (50 mm) <b>\u226540 %<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>EN \/ VdT\u00dcV 517<\/b> \u2014 sheet and plate \u226465 mm<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Rp0.2 <b>\u2265340 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 Rp1.0 <b>\u2265380 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 Rm <b>700\u20131000 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 A <b>\u226540 %<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>EN \/ VdT\u00dcV 517<\/b> \u2014 forgings and bar \u226490 mm<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Rp0.2 <b>\u2265325 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 Rm <b>700\u2013950 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 A <b>\u226540 %<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>In EN, Rm is a BAND<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">ASTM sets only a floor (760 MPa); <b>EN also sets a ceiling of 700\u20131000 MPa<\/b>. <b>A very high-strength heat can pass ASTM and fail EN.<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The common error<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">One page pairs the <b>ASTM tensile (760 MPa)<\/b> with the <b>EN yield (340 MPa)<\/b> in one table. <b>That row exists in no standard.<\/b> ASTM = 760\/350\/40 %; EN = 700\u20131000\/340\/40 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">EN elevated-temperature Rp0.2 minima<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Sheet\/plate: 100 \u00b0C <b>315<\/b> \u00b7 200 \u00b0C <b>285<\/b> \u00b7 300 \u00b0C <b>270<\/b> \u00b7 400 \u00b0C <b>255 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 Forging\/bar: 300 \u00b7 275 \u00b7 255 \u00b7 <b>240 MPa<\/b>. These are what a VdT\u00dcV-route design calculation actually uses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Typical Mill Values \u2014 NOT GUARANTEED<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Sheet 3.2 mm (Rp0.2 \/ Rm \/ A)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">RT <b>421 \/ 862 MPa \/ 53 %<\/b> \u00b7 93 \u00b0C 379\/834\/57 \u00b7 204 \u00b0C 324\/758\/60 \u00b7 316 \u00b0C 303\/717\/63 \u00b7 427 \u00b0C 290\/703\/62 \u00b7 538 \u00b0C 269\/676\/59 \u00b7 <b>649 \u00b0C 317\/717\/56<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Plate (Rp0.2 \/ Rm \/ A)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">RT <b>400 \/ 883 MPa \/ 58 %<\/b> \u00b7 204 \u00b0C 331\/793\/61 \u00b7 427 \u00b0C 283\/745\/62 \u00b7 538 \u00b0C 276\/731\/62 \u00b7 <b>649 \u00b0C 290\/738\/65<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The RISE between 538 and 649 \u00b0C<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Not a measurement error.<\/b> It is <b>the classic signature of short-range ordering beginning<\/b> in a Ni-Mo solid solution \u2014 and it is <b>not<\/b> an invitation to use the alloy there<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Hardness and grain size<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Sheet <b>93 HRBW<\/b> (grain 4.5\u20136.5) \u00b7 plate <b>95 HRBW<\/b> (3.5\u20137) \u00b7 bar <b>92 HRBW<\/b> (2\u20137.5). <b>92\u201395 HRB is roughly 15\u201317 HRC<\/b> \u2014 far below any 22 HRC threshold. <b>Always print the scale<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Charpy V-notch<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Plate 20 mm: RT <b>479 J<\/b>, \u2212196 \u00b0C <b>453 J<\/b> \u00b7 plate 35 mm: 526 \/ 487 J \u00b7 bar 40 mm: 526 \/ 460 J \u00b7 bar 50 mm: <b>529 \/ 458 J<\/b>. <b>Essentially no ductile-to-brittle transition down to \u2212196 \u00b0C<\/b> \u2014 worth quoting to cryogenic buyers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b5\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Physical Properties<\/h4>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Physical Properties \u00b7 Hastelloy B-3<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Density<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>9.22 g\/cm\u00b3<\/b> (0.333 lb\/in\u00b3) \u2014 four independent publishers. <b>Outliers of 9.13 and 9.3 exist; use 9.22<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Melting range<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>1370\u20131418 \u00b0C<\/b> (2500\u20132585 \u00b0F)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Modulus of elasticity<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>216\u2013217 GPa<\/b>. With temperature: 204 \u00b0C 208 \u00b7 316 \u00b0C 202 \u00b7 427 \u00b0C 195 \u00b7 538 \u00b0C 188 \u00b7 649 \u00b0C 183 GPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Thermal conductivity, RT<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>11.2 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b>. With temperature: 204 \u00b0C 13.4 \u00b7 316 \u00b0C 15.0 \u00b7 427 \u00b0C 16.7 \u00b7 538 \u00b0C 18.6 \u00b7 649 \u00b0C 20.5 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Mean CTE<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>10.6 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076 \/K<\/b> (25\u2013100 \u00b0C). 25\u2013316 \u00b0C 11.3 \u00b7 25\u2013538 \u00b0C 11.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Electrical resistivity<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>1.37 \u00b5\u03a9\u00b7m<\/b> (137 \u00b5\u03a9\u00b7cm). <b>Almost flat with temperature<\/b> \u2014 the typical behaviour of a concentrated solid solution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Specific heat, RT<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>373 J\/kg\u00b7K<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Poisson&#8217;s ratio \u00b7 shear modulus<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">0.31 \u00b7 85 GPa \u2014 <b>secondary database only<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Magnetic behaviour<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Single-phase FCC (\u03b3) austenitic solid solution, therefore <b>paramagnetic \/ practically non-magnetic<\/b> in the solution-annealed condition. <b>No numeric relative permeability could be sourced \u2014 do not publish a \u00b5r figure<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>A commercially useful point<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>11.2 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b> is about a quarter of carbon steel and roughly 70 % of 316L, while <b>10.6 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076\/K<\/b> is about <b>two-thirds<\/b> of 316L&#8217;s ~16. For a B-3 tubesheet or a B-3-lined vessel this means <b>less differential expansion against carbon steel than a stainless lining would give<\/b> \u2014 a genuine design advantage almost no distributor page mentions<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b6\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Heat Treatment and Thermal Stability<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-isil --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">HEAT TREATMENT \u2014 SCHEMATIC<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">SOLUTION ANNEAL \u2014 this is the only valid heat treatment<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Step<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">SOLUTION ANNEAL \u2014 this is the only valid heat treatment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Summary<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">The alloy&#8217;s only heat treatment. It removes cold work, takes precipitates back into solid solution and restores corrosion resistance and ductility. It DOES NOT RAISE strength; it lowers it. This is the delivery condition.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Temperature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Haynes International 1066 C (1950 F), tolerance +\/-14 C (+\/-25 F) \u00b7 Corrosion Materials 1065 C (1950 F) \u00b7 Virgamet 1060 C \u00b7 Zapp 1050-1080 C. Combined band: 1050-1080 C.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Time<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Haynes International gives 10-30 minutes depending on thickness. As the other sources give no time, no single figure has been written.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Cooling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">RAPID COOLING IS MANDATORY. Haynes International: water quenching is preferred and is particularly advised above 9.5 mm section; rapid air cooling is accepted on thin sections; the time between removal from the furnace and the start of quenching must be LESS THAN 3 MINUTES. Zapp: water, compressed air or protective gas. Virgamet: water or rapid air cooling. Reason (Haynes International): slow cooling nucleates and grows deleterious second-phase precipitates, particularly at the grain boundaries.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Purpose<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Delivery condition; after every hot-forming operation; after any cold work exceeding 7% outer-fibre elongation if welding is to follow; to recover a part that has been held at intermediate temperature. ASTM B333 \/ B335 \/ B564 \/ B619 \/ B622 \/ B626 require the material solution annealed and descaled.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Resulting hardness<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">In the annealed condition Haynes International reports 92-95 HRBW for plate and bar. This is not a target but the typical result of the delivery condition.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">BRIGHT ANNEAL \u2014 for thin sheet and strip only<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Step<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">BRIGHT ANNEAL \u2014 for thin sheet and strip only<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Summary<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">A separate route used on thin sheet and coil products to leave the surface free of scale. It stands in for the solution anneal but runs at a higher temperature.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Temperature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1150 C (2100 F) \u2014 Corrosion Materials and Elgiloy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Time<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">The sources give no time; none has been written.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Cooling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Cooled in hydrogen (Corrosion Materials, Elgiloy).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Purpose<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Bright-annealed sheet and coil delivery. Typical values reported for 3.2 mm sheet from this route: 860 MPa tensile, 420 MPa yield, 53.4% elongation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">HOT WORKING \u2014 not a heat treatment but the forming window<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Step<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">HOT WORKING \u2014 not a heat treatment but the forming window<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Summary<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">The range is narrow; exceeding it produces cracks. A solution anneal afterwards is mandatory.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Temperature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Start 1232 C (2250 F), finish 982 C (1800 F) \u2014 Haynes International. Virgamet gives 1230-980 C.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Time<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Cooling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">A solution anneal and rapid cooling follow the forming operation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Purpose<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Forging and hot rolling.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">Range to avoid<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Step<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE BAND \u2014 this is NOT a hardening cycle, it is a range to avoid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Temperature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">NO SINGLE BAND HAS BEEN WRITTEN; it could not be verified from 4 independent sources. What was found, with sources named: Haynes International (heat-treatment guidance) 593-816 C (1100-1500 F) \u2014 cold-worked B-3 must not be held in this band and annealing is done in a pre-heated furnace \u00b7 Haynes International (B-3 brochure) gives the T-T-T comparison at 700 C (1290 F) \u00b7 Huaxiao reports 550-850 C as the intermediate-temperature embrittlement band. These three records come from two organizations, which is why NO NUMERICAL FORBIDDEN BAND has been placed on the card.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Result<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Material held in this band for long periods loses ductility and impact toughness. There is one recovery route: full solution anneal plus rapid cooling.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Phases<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Ni4Mo and Ni3Mo. Haynes International&#8217;s wording: alloy B-2 forms Ni4Mo RAPIDLY around 750 C; in B-3 minor alloying additions and an adjusted molybdenum level favour the SLOW-forming Ni3Mo instead, and development of the deleterious phase takes hours around 650 C. This is the point at which B-3 separates from B-2.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">Additional information<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Treatments to avoid<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">AGEING \/ PRECIPITATION HARDENING: no such stage EXISTS. Conditions such as H900, H1025, H1075 or H1150 do not belong to this alloy. \u00b7 SLOW COOLING AFTER THE SOLUTION ANNEAL (in the furnace or in still air, on heavy sections): it invalidates the treatment; second-phase precipitates nucleate at the grain boundaries. \u00b7 CHARGING INTO A COLD FURNACE: parts are charged into a pre-heated furnace; slow heating wastes time in the intermediate band (Haynes International). \u00b7 CODE SERVICE ABOVE 427 C: the ceiling in ASME Section VIII Div. 1 and B31.3 is 427 C; in ASME Section XII it is 343 C.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">The diagram is schematic; the time axis is not to scale. Hastelloy B-3 is a SOLID-SOLUTION alloy and IS NOT PRECIPITATION HARDENABLE \u2014 there is NO ageing stage, so no ageing diagram has been drawn. The T-T-T comparison published by Haynes International has NOT been transferred to this card as a curve; its numerical points could not be read from 4 independent sources. The diagram is schematic; the time axis is not to scale. No curve has been drawn because the numerical points of a published TTT\/CCT curve could not be read from 4 independent sources. Hastelloy B-3 is a SOLID-SOLUTION alloy. There is NO ageing stage; hardness rises only through cold work and is removed again by solution annealing. BRIGHT ANNEALING AND SOLUTION ANNEALING ARE NOT THE SAME THING: bright annealing at 1150 C with hydrogen cooling is the thin-sheet and coil route, while 1066 C with water quenching is the general solution-anneal route. The order text must state which one is required. NO SINGLE TIME HAS BEEN GIVEN FOR THE SOLUTION ANNEAL: only Haynes International states a time (10-30 minutes).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-isil --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Solution Annealing<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Mill \/ ASTM route<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1066 \u00b0C (1950 \u00b0F)<\/b>, <b>10\u201330 minutes<\/b> by thickness (the full 30 min for heavy sections). <b>Water quench advised<\/b>; rapid air cooling is acceptable for sections <b>&lt;10 mm (0.375 in.)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Bright anneal (sheet\/coil)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>1150 \u00b0C (2100 \u00b0F)<\/b>, cooled in <b>hydrogen<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>EN \/ VdT\u00dcV route<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1050\u20131080 \u00b0C<\/b>, <b>rapid quench<\/b> \u2014 water, compressed air or protective gas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>The two routes agree<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">1066 \u00b0C sits <b>inside<\/b> the EN 1050\u20131080 \u00b0C band. <b>Say that explicitly<\/b> rather than printing two numbers and letting the reader guess<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The quench is NOT optional<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">The entire point of the anneal is <b>to freeze the disordered \u03b3 solid solution<\/b>. A furnace cool through 900\u2192500 \u00b0C <b>re-creates the problem the anneal was meant to remove<\/b>. The mill&#8217;s guidance: &#8220;fast heat-up, precise temperature control, rapid cooling&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">The Thermal-Stability \/ Embrittlement Window \u2014 Sources Disagree<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Mill brochure<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>500\u2013900 \u00b0C<\/b> \u2014 &#8220;strong tendency for phases other than the desirable FCC gamma phase to form\u2026 particularly in the temperature range 500 \u00b0C to 900 \u00b0C&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">German mill 1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>500\u2013820 \u00b0C<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">German mill 2<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>500\u2013800 \u00b0C<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">The patent<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>600\u2013800 \u00b0C<\/b> specifically for the ordered Ni\u2082Mo\/Ni\u2083Mo\/Ni\u2084Mo phases<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>How to publish it<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>All sources agree the lower bound is ~500 \u00b0C.<\/b> The upper bound is quoted between 800 and 900 \u00b0C; <b>the majority sits at 800\u2013820 \u00b0C<\/b>, with the mill giving the widest and most conservative 900 \u00b0C. <b>Publish the conservative envelope \u2014 &#8220;avoid sustained exposure between 500 and 900 \u00b0C&#8221; \u2014 and footnote the European 500\u2013800\/820 \u00b0C. Never average them to 850<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Kinetics inside the window<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">The nose of B-3&#8217;s curve is at <b>~650 \u00b0C<\/b> and it takes <b>several hours<\/b> there to develop deleterious second phase \u00b7 B-2 for comparison: <b>rapid Ni\u2084Mo at ~750 \u00b0C<\/b> and <b>10+ HRA in 0.5\u20131.0 h at 700 \u00b0C<\/b> \u00b7 B-3 at <b>700 \u00b0C for 24 h: no significant hardening<\/b> \u00b7 B-3 at <b>540 \u00b0C: elongation still 43.7 % after 16,000 h<\/b>. <b>Below about 540 \u00b0C, time is effectively not a factor for practical plant life<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Hot and Cold Working<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Hot-working range<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1232 \u00b0C down to 982 \u00b0C (2250\u20131800 \u00b0F)<\/b>. The mill: hot working &#8220;requires a <b>narrow temperature range and frequent re-heating<\/b>&#8221; \u2014 <b>budget for more reheats than a stainless job<\/b>. <b>Re-anneal after all hot forming<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Cold working<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">B-3 <b>work-hardens faster than austenitic stainless steel<\/b>. Size interstage anneals and press tonnage accordingly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Re-anneal threshold \u2014 a real disagreement<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The mill: above ~7 % outer-fibre elongation<\/b>, solution annealing is required before further fabrication or welding \u2014 &#8220;for optimum corrosion performance&#8221; and because, if cold work is not removed, <b>&#8220;B-3 alloy is very susceptible to cracking in the welded region during subsequent fabrication\/welding&#8221;<\/b> \u00b7 <b>one European mill: above 15 %<\/b>. <b>The majority and the mill&#8217;s own figure is 7 %; use 7 % as the working rule<\/b>, especially for anything going into HCl service<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b7\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Welding<\/h4>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Welding \u00b7 Hastelloy B-3<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Recommended processes<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>GTAW\/TIG, GMAW\/MIG, SMAW<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>NOT recommended<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Oxyacetylene and SUBMERGED-ARC welding are not recommended.<\/b> <b>Warning:<\/b> at least one distributor page publishes this sentence <b>inverted<\/b> \u2014 a genuinely hazardous error if a fabricator acts on it<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Filler and electrode<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ERNiMo-10<\/b> (A5.14, UNS N10675) \u00b7 <b>ENiMo-10<\/b> (A5.11) \u00b7 DIN 2.4695 \/ 2.4696<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Do NOT use ERNiMo-7<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>That is the B-2 filler.<\/b> It is lower in Fe, Cr and Mn and <b>puts B-2&#8217;s ordering behaviour straight into the weld metal of a B-3 joint<\/b> \u2014 the exact defect you bought B-3 to avoid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Preheat<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Not required.<\/b> Pre- and post-weld treatment is &#8220;generally unnecessary&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Interpass temperature<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Keep it low.<\/b> <b>No published numeric ceiling could be found \u2014 do not publish a number.<\/b> Practice for Ni-Mo alloys is the lowest practical figure by contractor procedure<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Heat input<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">&#8220;<b>Special precautions should be taken to avoid excessive heat input<\/b>&#8221; \u00b7 <b>no numeric kJ\/mm limit is published<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">PWHT<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Not normally required.<\/b> The \u22640.010 % C leaves no sensitising carbide precipitation, and B-3&#8217;s ordering kinetics are slow enough that a normal weld thermal cycle does not embrittle the HAZ. Post-weld solution annealing is reserved for <b>severe service<\/b> or where <b>heavy cold work preceded welding<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">What actually goes wrong<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>1. Welding over cold work.<\/b> The single most-cited failure mode. If cold work exceeds ~7 % and has not been annealed out, B-3 is &#8220;<b>very susceptible to cracking in the welded region during subsequent fabrication\/welding<\/b>&#8220;. <b>Solution-anneal cold-formed heads, bent pipe, rolled shells and expanded tube ends BEFORE you weld them.<\/b><br \/><b>2. Heat-input creep in multipass welds.<\/b> The nose is at 650 \u00b0C with a several-hour incubation, so <b>one weld does not hurt it<\/b> \u2014 but a heavy multipass joint held warm, plus a slow stress-relief, plus a hot-forming reheat, <b>accumulates<\/b>. <b>Track cumulative time in 500\u2013900 \u00b0C, not just peak temperature.<\/b><br \/><b>3. The weld-metal penalty in sulphuric acid.<\/b> The mill&#8217;s own weld-versus-base data at 93 \u00b0C: in <b>50 % H\u2082SO\u2084 the weld corrodes at 0.13 mm\/y against 0.04 mm\/y for base metal \u2014 a 3.3\u00d7 penalty<\/b>; in 70 % H\u2082SO\u2084, 0.03 against 0.01. But in <b>HCl the weld and base metal are identical<\/b> (5 % HCl: 0.30 mm\/y both; 10 % HCl: 0.29 both). So <b>in HCl the weld is not a weak point; in sulphuric acid it is<\/b> \u2014 a genuinely useful distinction almost nobody publishes.<br \/><b>4. Cleanliness.<\/b> Components must be &#8220;stress-free, clean, and free of contaminants&#8221; before welding. <b>Sulphur, lead, zinc and copper contamination cause hot cracking in all high-nickel alloys.<\/b><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b8\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Machining<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>A caveat to state plainly:<\/b> the mill publishes machining parameters for its <b>corrosion-resistant alloy family<\/b> rather than a B-3-specific table. Publish the figures below as &#8220;<b>starting parameters for solution-annealed corrosion-resistant alloys, including B-3<\/b>&#8220;, not as B-3 data.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Starting Parameters (family guidance)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Turning \u00b7 roughing<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Carbide <b>C-2\/C-3, negative rake<\/b> \u00b7 <b>27 m\/min (90 sfm)<\/b> \u00b7 feed <b>0.25 mm\/rev<\/b> \u00b7 depth of cut &lt;3.8 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Turning \u00b7 finishing<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Carbide, <b>positive rake<\/b>, 0.8 mm nose radius \u00b7 <b>29\u201334 m\/min<\/b> \u00b7 feed <b>0.13\u20130.18 mm\/rev<\/b> \u00b7 depth 1.0 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Drilling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">HSS M-33\/M-40\/T-15 <b>3\u20134.6 m\/min<\/b> \u00b7 carbide C-2 <b>15 m\/min<\/b> \u00b7 feed 0.05 mm at \u23006 \u2192 0.18 mm at \u230025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">End milling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">HSS M-40\/T-15 <b>6\u20137.6 m\/min<\/b>, 0.05\u20130.10 mm per tooth \u00b7 carbide C-2: the mill calls it <b>&#8220;marginal performance&#8221;<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Reaming \u00b7 tapping<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Reaming <b>3\u20134.6 m\/min<\/b> \u00b7 tapping <b>7 sfm<\/b>, &#8220;<b>use the best possible tapping compound; sulpho-chlorinated oil-base preferred<\/b>&#8220;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>The governing rules<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">The alloy work-hardens faster than austenitic stainless: <b>rigid setups, positive feed, never dwell and never rub<\/b> \u2014 a stalled feed glazes the surface and the next pass has to cut through a work-hardened skin. <b>The sulpho-chlorinated tapping compound must be completely removed before any heat treatment or welding<\/b> \u2014 residual sulphur causes hot cracking<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b9\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Corrosion \u2014 Why the Behaviour Is Bimodal<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>B-3 has about 1.5 % chromium. It does not form a chromium-oxide passive film.<\/b> Its resistance in acids comes from molybdenum <b>raising the hydrogen overpotential and suppressing the reducing cathodic reaction<\/b>. The consequence: <b>superb where the only cathodic reaction available is hydrogen evolution; very poor the moment a stronger oxidant is present.<\/b> Every entry below follows from that one sentence.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Hydrochloric Acid \u2014 the Flagship Duty (mm\/y, reagent grade)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">1 % HCl<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">38 \u00b0C <b>0.07<\/b> \u00b7 52 \u00b0C 0.11 \u00b7 66 \u00b0C 0.18 \u00b7 93 \u00b0C 0.21 \u00b7 boiling <b>0.01<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">2 % HCl<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">0.10 \u00b7 0.16 \u00b7 0.21 \u00b7 0.26 \u00b7 0.04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">5 % HCl<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">0.11 \u00b7 0.19 \u00b7 0.25 \u00b7 <b>0.30<\/b> \u00b7 0.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">10 % HCl<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">0.13 \u00b7 0.20 \u00b7 0.24 \u00b7 0.29 \u00b7 0.13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">15 % HCl<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">0.10 \u00b7 0.18 \u00b7 0.23 \u00b7 0.28 \u00b7 0.21<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">20 % HCl<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">0.10 \u00b7 0.15 \u00b7 0.21 \u00b7 <b>0.30<\/b> \u00b7 0.29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The mill&#8217;s corrosion guide<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">&#8220;<b>The alloys with the highest resistance to pure hydrochloric acid are those of the nickel-molybdenum family, whose molybdenum contents are close to 30 wt.%.<\/b>&#8221; Note that the boiling row is <b>lower<\/b> than the 93 \u00b0C row at dilute concentrations \u2014 that is real, and it is HCl volatilising out of solution<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Sulphuric and Other Acids (mm\/y)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">H\u2082SO\u2084 10 %<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">38 \u00b0C 0.04 \u00b7 66 \u00b0C 0.11 \u00b7 93 \u00b0C 0.11 \u00b7 boiling 0.01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">H\u2082SO\u2084 30 %<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">38 \u00b0C 0.02 \u00b7 66 \u00b0C 0.06 \u00b7 93 \u00b0C 0.09 \u00b7 boiling 0.02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">H\u2082SO\u2084 50 %<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">66 \u00b0C 0.03 \u00b7 93 \u00b0C <b>0.04<\/b> \u00b7 boiling 0.03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">H\u2082SO\u2084 70 %<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">93 \u00b0C 0.01 \u00b7 boiling <b>0.15<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>H\u2082SO\u2084 80 %<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">93 \u00b0C 0.01 \u00b7 <b>177 \u00b0C 0.44<\/b> \u00b7 <b>boiling 4.76<\/b> \u2014 two orders of magnitude<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">H\u2082SO\u2084 90\u201396 %<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">93 \u00b0C 0.02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Hydrobromic acid<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">2.5 %: 38 \u00b0C 0.07 \/ 66 \u00b0C 0.26 \/ 93 \u00b0C 0.24 \/ boiling 0.02 \u00b7 30 %: 0.10 \/ 0.20 \/ 0.29 \/ <b>0.29<\/b> \u00b7 40 %: 0.06 \/ 0.16 \/ 0.25 \/ <b>0.43<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Phosphoric acid, boiling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">10 % 0.07 \u00b7 30 % 0.07 \u00b7 50 % 0.09 \u00b7 60 % 0.14 \u00b7 <b>70 % 0.21<\/b> \u00b7 80 % 0.04 \u00b7 85 % 0.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Organic acids, boiling<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Acetic acid 10\u201399 %: 0.01\u20130.02 mm\/y<\/b> \u00b7 <b>formic acid 10\u201389 %: 0.01\u20130.02 mm\/y<\/b> \u2014 essentially inert<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Stress-corrosion cracking (ASTM G36)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Boiling 45 % MgCl\u2082: <b>B-3 \u2014 no cracking in 1,008 h<\/b>. For context in the same table: <b>316L cracked at 2 h<\/b>, 254 SMO at 24 h; alloy 625 and C-276 also survived 1,008 h. Also stated resistant to fluoride-bearing media<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">WHERE IT FAILS \u2014 Publish This at Least as Prominently as the Good News<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Nitric acid<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">The mill&#8217;s corrosion guide, verbatim: &#8220;<b>B-3 alloy, the chromium content of which is only 1.5 wt.%, corrodes rapidly in nitric acid<\/b>.&#8221; <b>Never quote B-3 for nitric service, mixed acid, or any nitric-containing pickling or passivation line<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Ferric (Fe\u00b3\u207a) and cupric (Cu\u00b2\u207a) ions \u2014 the classic field failure<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>&#8220;B-3 alloy is NOT RECOMMENDED for use in the presence of ferric or cupric salts as these salts may cause rapid corrosion failure.&#8221;<\/b> Five independent publishers carry that sentence. <b>The number:<\/b> <b>20 % HCl, uncontaminated, 93 \u00b0C \u2192 0.30 mm\/y<\/b> \u00b7 <b>20 % HCl + 50 ppm Fe\u00b3\u207a, 93 \u00b0C \u2192 2.0 mm\/y<\/b>. <b>Fifty parts per million of ferric ion multiplies the corrosion rate by roughly 6.6\u00d7.<\/b> Fifty ppm is nothing: it is what you get when HCl contacts a carbon-steel pump, a mild-steel fitting, a rusty drum, steel valve trim or an upstream carbon-steel line. <b>This is not a laboratory caveat \u2014 it is the single most common cause of B-alloy failure in service<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Aerated \/ oxygenated acid, dissolved oxygen, wet chlorine<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Any oxidant providing a cathodic reaction stronger than H\u207a\/H\u2082 reduction will attack. <b>Oxidising chlorides, hypochlorite and wet Cl\u2082 are all out<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Boiling sulphuric acid above ~80 wt%<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>4.76 mm\/y at 80 wt% boiling<\/b> and 0.44 mm\/y at 80 wt% \/ 177 \u00b0C, against 0.01\u20130.05 mm\/y everywhere below 70 wt%. <i>(Two readings of the same brochure place the 4.76 figure at 80 or 96 wt%; the safe engineering statement is &#8220;<b>corrosion accelerates by two orders of magnitude in boiling sulphuric acid above about 80 wt%<\/b>&#8220;)<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Sulphuric acid with oxidisers<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">&#8220;The presence of oxidising species in sulphuric acid negatively affects the nickel-molybdenum alloys&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>It is not a substitute for C-276<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">C-276 is Ni-Cr-Mo-W with ~16 % Cr: it tolerates oxidising conditions and mixed environments, but <b>B-3 beats it in pure reducing HCl<\/b>. They solve different problems. <b>If the plant has both a reducing acid AND any oxidant, the answer is a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy<\/b> (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-276\/\">C-276<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-22\/\">C-22<\/a>), <b>not B-3<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>The standard caveat<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">&#8220;All corrosion data derived from reagent-grade acid laboratory tests; field validation recommended.&#8221; <b>Put a version of that sentence on the page<\/b> \u2014 it is also your commercial protection<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b10\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">We already run Hastelloy B-2. Is it worth paying for B-3, or is this just a newer part number?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>It is worth it, and the reason is narrow and specific: thermal stability during fabrication and upset conditions, not corrosion resistance in service.<\/b> In clean, uncontaminated hydrochloric acid the two alloys perform very similarly; if that were the whole story you should keep buying B-2.<br \/>What differs is what happens to the metal between roughly <b>500 and 900 \u00b0C<\/b>. B-2, having had its carbon removed, <b>orders very quickly into the brittle Ni\u2084Mo \u03b2 phase<\/b> \u2014 the mill measured <b>over ten Rockwell-A points of hardening in half an hour to an hour at 700 \u00b0C<\/b>. That happens in a weld heat-affected zone, in the centre of a slow-cooled heavy section, during hot forming, and during any process upset. The result is grain-boundary embrittlement and an intergranular corrosion path. The mill&#8217;s own side-by-side test, after exposure at 700 \u00b0C and then testing in boiling 60 % sulphuric acid, found <b>B-2 cracking intergranularly at three hours while B-3 was still uncracked at twenty-four<\/b>.<br \/>B-3 achieves this by <b>deliberately adding back what B-2 removed<\/b> \u2014 minimum 1.0 % each of chromium and iron, up to 3 % manganese, and aluminium \u2014 which diverts the reaction to the far slower <b>Ni\u2083Mo<\/b>. The patent states the practical consequence bluntly: <b>heating and cooling times can be about ten times slower than for B-2<\/b>.<br \/><b>So:<\/b> if you are buying plate to weld into a vessel, to hot-form, to weld heavy sections, or you have process excursions into that temperature band, B-3 <b>removes a real and documented failure mode<\/b>. If you are buying thin, already-annealed sheet for a non-welded application in cold acid, the advantage is smaller. <b>Price the risk, not the alloy.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">Your page says B-3 resists hydrochloric acid at all concentrations and temperatures. Our HCl line is carbon steel upstream. Are we fine?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>No, and this is the failure we see most often.<\/b> That &#8220;all concentrations and temperatures&#8221; claim is true only for <b>pure, deaerated, uncontaminated<\/b> hydrochloric acid, and your carbon-steel upstream line guarantees you do not have that.<br \/>B-3 contains about <b>1.5 % chromium. It has no passive oxide film.<\/b> Its resistance comes from molybdenum suppressing the hydrogen-evolution reaction \u2014 which works beautifully as long as hydrogen evolution is the only cathodic reaction available. <b>Introduce a stronger oxidant and the protection simply is not there.<\/b><br \/>Ferric ion is exactly that oxidant, and <b>carbon steel in HCl manufactures it continuously<\/b>. The published number: <b>20 % HCl at 93 \u00b0C corrodes B-3 at 0.30 mm\/y. The same acid with 50 ppm of ferric ion corrodes it at 2.0 mm\/y<\/b> \u2014 about <b>6.6 times faster<\/b>. Fifty ppm is a trace: one rusty flange, one steel valve trim, one carbon-steel pump casing produces it. Cupric ion, from any copper-bearing component, does the same. Both the originating mill and every serious European mill sheet carry the sentence &#8220;<b>not recommended in the presence of ferric or cupric salts<\/b>&#8220;.<br \/><b>Practically, you have three options.<\/b> Replace the upstream carbon steel so the acid stays clean. Fit and actually monitor a ferric\/cupric analysis on the stream \u2014 <b>set an alarm, not a quarterly sample<\/b>. Or select a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-276\/\">C-276<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-22\/\">C-22<\/a>, which tolerates the oxidant at the cost of some performance in pure HCl. <b>We will quote B-3 for this line, but we will put the ferric-ion limitation on the order acknowledgement, because the alloy is not the variable \u2014 the contamination is.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">The customer&#8217;s specification says B-3, ASME Section VIII, service to 450 \u00b0C. Can we supply it?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Not as a pressure-retaining material at that design temperature \u2014 and the reason is a code limit, not a metallurgical one. Those are different things, and it matters which one you are hitting.<\/b><br \/><b>Metallurgically<\/b>, B-3 is perfectly serviceable at 450 \u00b0C. The mill publishes typical tensile data to <b>649 \u00b0C<\/b>, and exposure data showing <b>elongation still at 43.7 % after 16,000 hours at 540 \u00b0C<\/b>. The alloy is not in trouble at 450 \u00b0C.<br \/><b>The problem is code coverage.<\/b> <b>ASME Section VIII Division 1 accepts B-3 only to 427 \u00b0C (800 \u00b0F)<\/b>. There are no allowable stresses above that. <b>ASME B31.3<\/b> stops at the same 427 \u00b0C. If your customer is on the European route, <b>VdT\u00dcV Werkstoffblatt 517 stops at 400 \u00b0C<\/b>, lower still. And <b>Section XII<\/b>, for transport tanks, stops at <b>343 \u00b0C<\/b>. So at 450 \u00b0C there is <b>no allowable stress to design with<\/b>, whichever code you are on.<br \/><b>Three further coverage facts that catch people out:<\/b> B-3 is <b>not accepted in Section VIII Division 2<\/b>, <b>not in Section I<\/b>, and <b>not in B31.1<\/b>. If the vessel is a Division 2 design, B-3 cannot be the pressure boundary without a code case.<br \/><b>Realistic answers:<\/b> get the design temperature reduced to 427 \u00b0C if the process genuinely allows it; move to a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-276\/\">C-276<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/inconel-625\/\">alloy 625<\/a> that has code coverage further up; or use B-3 as a <b>non-pressure-retaining liner or internal<\/b> on a code-approved backing material. <b>What you must not do is quote &#8220;B-3 is good to 650 \u00b0C&#8221; from a mechanical-property table and let it become a design temperature. That is a capability figure, and the code will not accept it.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">Common datasheet errors \u2014 check these before you order<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>1. &#8220;AMS 5891&#8221; quoted as a B-3 plate specification \u2014 WRONG.<\/b> AMS 5891 covers <b>bars, forgings and rings<\/b> of a <b>60Ni-22Cr-2Mo-14W<\/b> alloy, a completely different material. <b>There is no AMS specification for B-3.<\/b><br \/><b>2. &#8220;AMS 5396&#8221; quoted as a B-3 equivalent \u2014 WRONG.<\/b> That is the specification for <b>65Ni-28Mo-5.5Fe-0.4V (N-12MV) investment castings<\/b> \u2014 the <b>cast alloy-B<\/b> composition, with the 5.5 % iron and 0.4 % vanadium that B-3 specifically excludes.<br \/><b>3. ERNiMo-7 \/ ENiMo-7 quoted as the filler for B-3 \u2014 WRONG; that is the B-2 filler.<\/b> Correct: <b>ERNiMo-10 \/ ENiMo-10, both UNS N10675<\/b>.<br \/><b>4. ASME P-Number given as 112 \u2014 WRONG.<\/b> B-3 is <b>P-No. 44 \/ F-No. 44<\/b>.<br \/><b>5. W.Nr. confusion:<\/b> <b>2.4600 = B-3<\/b>, <b>2.4617 = B-2<\/b>, <b>2.4800 = alloy B<\/b>. And <b>2.4695 \/ 2.4696 are FILLER-metal numbers<\/b>, not base-metal grades.<br \/><b>6. EN name:<\/b> the mill and two German producers all publish <b>NiMo29Cr<\/b> \u2014 that is the majority and the mill position. <b>NiMo30Cr is genuinely correct \u2014 for the welding wire (2.4695)<\/b>, which is very likely the origin of the error.<br \/><b>7. &#8220;Maximum working temperature 400 \u00b0C&#8221; published as a material property.<\/b> 400 \u00b0C is the <b>VdT\u00dcV 517 code ceiling<\/b>; ASME VIII Div. 1 allows <b>427 \u00b0C<\/b>; the mill publishes mechanical data to <b>649 \u00b0C<\/b> and long-term stability data at <b>540 \u00b0C<\/b>. <b>Three different numbers, three different meanings \u2014 label every one.<\/b><br \/><b>8. Column-misaligned distributor tables.<\/b> A widely mirrored B-3 PDF shows yield <b>1370 MPa<\/b> (that is the solidus in \u00b0C), tensile <b>216 MPa<\/b> (that is the modulus in GPa), expansion <b>50<\/b> (that is the elongation %) and hardness <b>11.2 HRC<\/b> (that is the thermal conductivity). <b>Sanity-check any table where yield exceeds tensile.<\/b><br \/><b>9. Hardness scale confusion.<\/b> B-3 is <b>92\u201395 HRBW<\/b>, roughly <b>15\u201317 HRC<\/b>. Anyone reading &#8220;95&#8221; as HRC will reach a nonsensical conclusion. <b>Always print the scale.<\/b><br \/><b>10. &#8220;B-3 is immune to embrittlement&#8221; \u2014 FALSE.<\/b> It is <b>slower<\/b>: several hours at ~650 \u00b0C against minutes for B-2, forming Ni\u2083Mo rather than Ni\u2084Mo. <b>It is still a Ni-Mo alloy with an ordering reaction.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-kars --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">COMPARISON<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:10px 14px 0;font-size:12.5px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;\">Thermal stability (intermediate-phase precipitation and weld HAZ behaviour) \u00b7 specification minimums \u00b7 class of environment (reducing \/ oxidizing)<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:8px 12px 0;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">A \u00b7 THERMAL STABILITY \u2014 the reason B-3 exists (Haynes International)<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Criterion<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">B3<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">B2<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Difference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Dominant deleterious phase<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Ni3Mo \u2014 forms SLOWLY<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Ni4Mo \u2014 forms RAPIDLY<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">In B-3 minor alloying additions and an adjusted molybdenum level favour the slow-forming Ni3Mo.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Rate of embrittlement<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Development of the deleterious phase takes HOURS around 650 C<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Ni4Mo forms RAPIDLY around 750 C<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">This is where B-3&#8217;s measurable advantage lies: ductility is kept through forming re-heats and in the weld HAZ.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Post-weld heat treatment<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Not required as a rule (Zapp: preheating or secondary heat treatment is generally unnecessary)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Post-weld behaviour is problematic because of intermediate-phase precipitation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">B-3 was developed precisely to solve this problem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">The compositional difference<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Cr 1.0-3.0% and Fe 1.0-3.0% are present under CONTROL<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Ni-Mo based; it does not carry B-3&#8217;s controlled Cr-Fe adjustment<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Cr and Fe are added here for PHASE STABILITY, not for corrosion; 1-3% chromium gives no resistance to oxidizing media.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:8px 12px 0;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">B \u00b7 SPECIFICATION MINIMUMS \u2014 ASTM B333 and B335 (the same tables)<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Criterion<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">B3<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">B2<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Difference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Minimum tensile strength<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">760 MPa (110 ksi)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">760 MPa (110 ksi)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">NO DIFFERENCE. N10665, N10675, N10629 and N10624 within ASTM B335 carry the same minimum set.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Minimum yield strength<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">350 MPa (51 ksi)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">350 MPa (51 ksi)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">NO DIFFERENCE.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Minimum elongation<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">40%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">40%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">NO DIFFERENCE. CONCLUSION: B-3 IS NOT A STRENGTH UPGRADE; the gain is in thermal stability alone.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:8px 12px 0;font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">C \u00b7 CLASS OF ENVIRONMENT \u2014 where the B family separates from the C family<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Criterion<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">B3<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">C ailesi<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Difference<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Chromium content<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1.0-3.0%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">C-276 14.5-16.5% \u00b7 C-22 20.0-22.5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Chromium carries the oxidizing environment. B-3 DOES NOT HAVE that chromium.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Reducing acid (HCl, H2SO4)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">The working ground. HCl at all concentrations and all temperatures.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Limited; C-2000 is reported superior up to 10% HCl.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">In favour of B-3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Ferric (Fe3+) and cupric (Cu2+) salts<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">NOT USED \u2014 rapid corrosion failure<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">This is that family&#8217;s environment<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">This row is not a preference but a PROHIBITION.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">ASME code temperature ceiling<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">427 C (Section VIII Div. 1, B31.3)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">677 C for C-22 (Section I and Section VIII Div. 1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">In favour of the C family; B-3 is not a high-temperature alloy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">Additional information<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Compared with<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Hastelloy B-3 (UNS N10675) \u2014 Hastelloy B-2 (UNS N10665) \u2014 and how the working ground separates from the C family (C-276 \/ C-22)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">RULE: each block is read from within ONE SOURCE FAMILY; blocks are not added together and are not put on the same axis. Block A is read from Haynes International&#8217;s B-2 \/ B-3 thermal stability comparison. Block B is read from ASTM&#8217;s own specification tables (B333 and B335; both UNS numbers are within the scope of these specifications, that is, under the same acceptance criterion). Block C is the separation of environment class and is the COMMON statement of producer texts, not a numerical corrosion test. Block A is read from ONE ORGANIZATION (Haynes International); no other independent producer text comparing B-2 and B-3 in the same document could be found. The block is therefore labelled with its source. The CONCLUSION in block B matters and runs against marketing language: B-3 HAS NO SPECIFICATION-MINIMUM ADVANTAGE over B-2. The gain is in thermal stability alone. The chromium and molybdenum figures for C-276 and C-22 in block C are taken from this project&#8217;s C-276 and C-22 cards, from the same ASTM specification tables.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-kars --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/dm-zengin --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-benzer\" style=\"margin:22px 0 0;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#FBFCFD;\">\n<p style=\"font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#9aa3a8;margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.4;\">Related grades<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:15px;line-height:2;color:#333;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-22\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Hastelloy C-22<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-276\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Hastelloy C-276<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-c-2000\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Hastelloy C-2000<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-x\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Hastelloy X<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/nickel-alloys\/\" style=\"color:#666;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">All nickel alloys \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- dm-ld --><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"name\":\"Hastelloy B-3\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-b-3\/\",\"inLanguage\":\"en\",\"description\":\"Hastelloy B-3 (UNS N10675 \/ W.Nr. 2.4600 \/ DIN NiMo29Cr) is a wrought, single-phase face-centred-cubic (\u03b3) nickel\u2013molybdenum solid-solution alloy: nominally 65 Ni \u2013 28.5 Mo, with deliberately small Cr and Fe and essentially no carbon (C \u22640.010 %).\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"name\":\"Defence Metal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Defence Metal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/\"},\"mainEntity\":{\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"name\":\"Hastelloy B-3\",\"description\":\"Hastelloy B-3 (UNS N10675 \/ W.Nr. 2.4600 \/ DIN NiMo29Cr) is a wrought, single-phase face-centred-cubic (\u03b3) nickel\u2013molybdenum solid-solution alloy: nominally 65 Ni \u2013 28.5 Mo, with deliberately small Cr and Fe and essentially no carbon (C \u22640.010 %).\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":{\"@type\":\"DefinedTermSet\",\"name\":\"Defence Metal - metals and alloys\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/\"},\"alternateName\":[\"UNS N10675\",\"W.Nr. 2.4600\",\"NiMo29Cr\"],\"identifier\":[{\"@type\":\"PropertyValue\",\"propertyID\":\"UNS\",\"value\":\"N10675\"},{\"@type\":\"PropertyValue\",\"propertyID\":\"Werkstoffnummer\",\"value\":\"2.4600\"}],\"additionalProperty\":[{\"@type\":\"PropertyValue\",\"name\":\"DIN \/ EN designation\",\"value\":\"NiMo29Cr\"}]}}<\/script><!-- \/dm-ld --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hastelloy B-3 \/ (2.4600) \/ UNS N10675 DEFENCE METAL Hastelloy B-3 UNS N10675 \u00b7 W.Nr. 2.4600 \u00b7 NiMo29Cr (DIN 17744) \u00b7 ISO NiMo30Cr \/ Ni1067 \u00b7 Ni 65.0 min \u2013 Mo 27.0-32.0 \u2013 Cr 1.0-3.0 \u2013 Fe 1.0-3.0 \u2013 Co 3.0 max \u2013 Mn 3.0 max \u2013 W 3.0 max \u2013 Al 0.50 max \u2013 &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/en\/hastelloy-b-3\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Hastelloy B-3&#8221;<\/span>devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3526,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"HASTELLOY B-3 \/ (2.4696) \/ UNS N10675 | Defence Metal","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Hastelloy B-3 (UNS N10675, 2.4696) \u2014 nickel-molybdenum alloy with about 65% Ni and 29% Mo for pure hydrochloric and sulphuric acid service.","inspiro_hide_title":false,"inspiro_hide_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"dm_sektor":[10,13,15],"class_list":["post-3601","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - 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