{"id":2949,"date":"2026-09-15T11:32:04","date_gmt":"2026-09-15T08:32:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/h11\/"},"modified":"2026-09-25T16:30:41","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T13:30:41","slug":"h11","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/h11\/","title":{"rendered":"H11"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- dm-hap --><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"dm-ust-baslik\" style=\"font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif !important;text-transform:none !important;font-size:27px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;margin:0 0 10px;letter-spacing:-.01em;\">H11 \/ AMS 6487 \/ AMS 6437<\/h1>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:0 0 22px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;padding:14px 16px 12px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:22px;font-weight:700;color:#fff;line-height:1.25;\">H11<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-family:ui-monospace,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;font-size:12.5px;color:#b9cfdb;line-height:1.5;margin-top:5px;word-wrap:break-word;\">UNS T20811 \u00b7 W.Nr. 1.2343 \u00b7 EN ISO 4957 X37CrMoV5-1 (eski DIN ad\u0131 X38CrMoV5-1) \u00b7 JIS SKD6 \u00b7 BS BH11 \u00b7 ~%5 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,4 V \u2013 C ~%0,37. %5 KROMLU SICAK \u0130\u015e TAKIM \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130D\u0130R. EN ISO 4957 band\u0131 (1.2343): C %0,33-0,41 \u2013 Si %0,80-1,20 \u2013 Mn %0,25-0,50 \u2013 Cr %4,80-5,50 \u2013 Mo %1,10-1,50 \u2013 V %0,30-0,50 \u2013 P en \u00e7ok %0,030 \u2013 S en \u00e7ok %0,020. ASTM A681 \/ AISI H11 band\u0131 AYNI DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R: C %0,33-0,43 \u2013 Mn %0,20-0,50\/0,60 \u2013 Si %0,80-1,20\/1,25 \u2013 Cr %4,75-5,50 \u2013 Mo %1,10-1,60 \u2013 V %0,30-0,60. \u0130ki bant karbon tavan\u0131nda (EN %0,41, ASTM %0,43) ve vanadyum tavan\u0131nda (EN %0,50, ASTM %0,60) \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmez; 1.2343 sertifikas\u0131 ile gelen mal otomatik olarak ASTM A681 H11 sipari\u015fine uygun say\u0131lmaz. HAVACILIK H-11&#8217;\u0130 (AMS 6487 \/ 6437) \u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dc B\u0130R BANTTIR: C %0,38-0,43, nominal 5,0Cr \u2013 1,3Mo \u2013 0,50V; AMS 6487 ayr\u0131ca SARF ELEKTROTLU VAKUM YEN\u0130DEN ERG\u0130TME (CEVM\/VAR) \u015fart\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r. PASLANMAZ DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. \u00c7\u00d6KELME SERTLE\u015eMEZ; H900 \/ H1025 \/ H1150 benzeri bir ya\u015fland\u0131rma kademesi YOKTUR. Sertle\u015fme yolu: \u00f6stenitleme \u2192 hava\/ya\u011f\/tuz banyosu ile sertle\u015ftirme \u2192 \u00c7\u0130FT (tercihen \u00dc\u00c7L\u00dc) TEMPERLEME. Temperleme e\u011frisinde \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eME vard\u0131r: 450-510 \u00b0C civar\u0131nda sertlik yeniden y\u00fckselir.<\/div>\n<div data-dmkars-blok=\"1\" style=\"border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16);margin-top:13px;padding-top:11px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#7f9fb0;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px;\">Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekenler<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/2026\/09\/15\/aisi-4140-h11-farki\/\" data-dmkars=\"1\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:4px 11px;border:1px solid rgba(36,190,229,.45);background:rgba(36,190,229,.12);border-radius:99px;margin:0 6px 6px 0;font-size:12.5px;font-weight:600;color:#9fe2f7;text-decoration:none;\">AISI 4140<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Ne i\u00e7in<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">\u0130ki ayr\u0131 i\u015f i\u00e7in al\u0131n\u0131r ve bu iki i\u015f ayn\u0131 malzeme kalitesiyle kar\u015f\u0131lanmaz. (1) SICAK \u0130\u015e TAKIMI: bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm kal\u0131b\u0131, d\u00f6vme kal\u0131b\u0131, ekstr\u00fczyon tak\u0131m\u0131 (liner, stem, konteyner g\u00f6mle\u011fi, bask\u0131 pabucu, mandrel, matris tutucu), s\u0131cak kesme b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, s\u0131cak z\u0131mba, plastik enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131 \u2014 yani kal\u0131b\u0131n\u2026<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Formlar<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">Yuvarlak \u00e7ubuk \u00b7 lama \u00b7 levha \u00b7 sac \u00b7 boru \u00b7 d\u00f6vme. T\u00fcm formlar sipari\u015f bazl\u0131 temin edilmektedir. D\u0130KKAT: AMS kapsam\u0131 forma g\u00f6re ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r \u2014 AMS 6487 yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ubuk, d\u00f6vme ve d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, AMS 6437 yaln\u0131zca sac, \u015ferit ve levhay\u0131 kapsar; boru i\u00e7in do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f bir H-11 AMS numaras\u0131 bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (standart haritas\u0131na bak\u0131n\u0131z).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Standartlar<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">AMS (Y\u00dcR\u00dcRL\u00dcKTE, tek tek do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f): 6487 \u2014 &#8216;Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock 5.0Cr &#8211; 1.3Mo &#8211; 0.50V (0.38 &#8211; 0.43C) (H-11) Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted&#8217;, premium u\u00e7ak kalitesi, g\u00fcncel revizyon M\/2021 (N revizyonu SAE&#8217;de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma halinde) \u00b7 6437 \u2014 &#8216;Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate, 5.0Cr &#8211; 1.3Mo &#8211; 0.50V (0.38 &#8211; 0.43C) (H-11), Aircraft Quality&#8217;, g\u00fcncel revizyon L\/2025 (\u00f6nceki K\/2020). AMS (\u0130PTAL ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015e \u2014 S\u0130PAR\u0130\u015eE YAZILMAZ): 6485H\/1989 &#8216;Steel Bars and Forgings, 5.0Cr 1.3Mo 0.50V (0.38-0.43C)&#8217; \u2014 Ekim 2006&#8217;da \u0130PTAL, <b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6487<\/b> ile kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r \u00b7 6488H &#8216;Steel, Bars and Forgings 5.0Cr 1.3Mo 0.50V (0.38-0.43C)&#8217; (premium kalite) \u2014 Ocak 2008&#8217;de \u0130PTAL; ANSI kayd\u0131 &#8216;benzer ancak zorunlu olarak ayn\u0131 olmayan \u00fcr\u00fcnler <b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6487<\/b>&#8216;de kapsanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r&#8217; notunu ta\u015f\u0131r. ASTM: A681 \u2014 &#8216;Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy&#8217;; kapsam\u0131 s\u0131cak veya so\u011fuk i\u015flenmi\u015f \u00e7ubuk, levha, sac, \u015ferit, filma\u015fin, tel ve d\u00f6vmedir. EN \/ ISO: EN ISO 4957:2018 &#8216;Tool steels&#8217; (ISO 4957:2018, 3. bask\u0131, 2018-06) \u2014 1.2343 \/ X37CrMoV5-1. D\u0130\u011eER ULUSAL: JIS G4404 SKD6 \u00b7 BS 4659 BH11. SEKT\u00d6REL: NADCA #207 kabul ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem kriterleri (B\u00d6HLER W300 ISOBLOC sayfas\u0131 NADCA D1830 \/ #207 atamas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r).<br \/><span style=\"font-size:12.5px;color:#7b8f9b;line-height:1.6;display:inline-block;margin-top:6px;\">TAKIM \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130 H11 \u0130LE HAVACILIK H-11&#8217;\u0130 AYNI \u015eEY DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. Fark \u00fc\u00e7 noktadad\u0131r:<br \/>\n1) KARBON BANDI. ASTM A681 H11 band\u0131 C %0,33-0,43; AMS 6487 ve AMS 6437 ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki band C %0,38-0,43&#8217;t\u00fcr. Havac\u0131l\u0131k band\u0131 tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi band\u0131n\u0131n ALT YARISINI DI\u015eARIDA BIRAKIR.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Art\u0131s\u0131<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">Tek en \u00f6nemli pratik \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eMED\u0130R: temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e sertlik \u00f6nce d\u00fc\u015fer, sonra YEN\u0130DEN Y\u00dcKSEL\u0130R. Lucefin&#8217;in 1020 \u00b0C&#8217;den ya\u011fa verilmi\u015f numunede \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fc e\u011fri \u015fudur: 250 \u00b0C&#8217;de 52 HRC, 350 \u00b0C&#8217;de 53,5 HRC, 450 \u00b0C&#8217;de 55,5 HRC, 510 \u00b0C&#8217;de 56 HRC.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#F7FAFB;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">Kaynak<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;\">KAYNAK ED\u0130LEB\u0130L\u0130R, ANCAK Y\u00dcKSEK \u00d6N TAV ZORUNLUDUR ve par\u00e7an\u0131n teslim durumu kaynak karar\u0131n\u0131 belirler. \u00d6N TAV: B\u00d6HLER&#8217;in tak\u0131m kayna\u011f\u0131 el kitab\u0131 1.2343 \/ W300 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7in yumu\u015fak tavl\u0131 durumda 350-400 \u00b0C, sertle\u015ftirilmi\u015f durumda 400-450 \u00b0C verir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\n<div style=\"flex:0 0 118px;padding:11px 14px;background:#fdeceb;font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#c0392b;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;\">S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131<\/div>\n<div style=\"flex:1 1 230px;min-width:0;padding:11px 14px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#3d5260;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word;background:#fdeceb;\">1) PASLANMAZ DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. Krom oran\u0131 %4,75-5,50&#8217;dir ve bu oran pasif tabaka olu\u015fturmaya yetmez. Ya\u011flama, kaplama veya ba\u015fka bir koruma olmadan nemli ortamda paslan\u0131r; deniz ve klor\u00fcrl\u00fc ortam i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:14px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/bize-ulasin\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin:0 8px 6px 0;background:#dd3333;color:#ffffff;\">TEKL\u0130F \u0130STE<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/alasimli-celikler\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin:0 8px 6px 0;font-weight:600;border:1px solid #12303f;color:#12303f;\">T\u00fcm ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler &rarr;<\/a><span data-dm=\"dm-teknik\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:11px 20px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;margin:0 8px 6px 0;border:1px solid #dd3333;color:#dd3333;\">TEKN\u0130K DETAYLAR &darr;<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:9px 14px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-size:11.5px;color:#8a9aa4;line-height:1.5;\">Veriler \u00fcretici veri sayfalar\u0131ndan derlenmi\u015ftir &middot; sipari\u015f \u00f6ncesi g\u00fcncel \u015fartnameden teyit ediniz<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-hap --><!-- dm-nav --><\/p>\n<style>h4[id^=\"dm-b\"]{scroll-margin-top:120px}#dm-teknik{scroll-margin-top:120px}<\/style>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:0 0 22px;padding:12px 14px;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#6b8091;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:9px;\">Bu sayfada &middot; t\u0131klay\u0131n, ilgili b\u00f6l\u00fcme gider<\/div>\n<div><span data-dm=\"dm-b0\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">AISI H11 Nedir<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b1\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">H11 ile H13 Fark\u0131<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b2\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">\u00dcr\u00fcn Formuna G\u00f6re Standartlar<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b3\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Kod Kabul\u00fc ve Azami S\u0131cakl\u0131klar<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b4\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Standard\u0131 OLMAYAN \u00dcr\u00fcn Formlar\u0131<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b5\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Kimyasal Bile\u015fim<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b6\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Is\u0131l \u0130\u015flem<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b7\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Premium U\u00e7ak Kalitesi H11 (AMS 6487)<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b8\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Mekanik De\u011ferler<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b9\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Fiziksel \u00d6zellikler<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b10\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Termal Yorulma (Is\u0131l \u00c7atlama) Direnci<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b11\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Kaynak<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b12\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Tala\u015fl\u0131 \u0130malat ve EDM<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b13\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">Korozyon ve NEREDE BA\u015eARISIZ<\/span><span data-dm=\"dm-b14\" style=\"cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;padding:5px 11px;border:1px solid #dfe6ea;background:#F7FAFB;margin:0 6px 7px 0;font-size:13px;color:#12303f;\">S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>(function(){function go(id){var e=document.getElementById(id);if(e){var s=document.scrollingElement||document.documentElement;var y=e.getBoundingClientRect().top+s.scrollTop-118;if(y-0-0-0-0!==y){y=0;}window.scrollTo(0,y);}}function bind(el){el.addEventListener(\"click\",function(ev){ev.preventDefault();go(el.getAttribute(\"data-dm\"));});}function init(){var l=document.querySelectorAll(\"[data-dm]\");Array.prototype.forEach.call(l,bind);if(location.hash){if(location.hash.indexOf(\"#dm-\")===0){try{history.replaceState(null,\"\",location.pathname+location.search);}catch(e){}window.scrollTo(0,0);setTimeout(function(){window.scrollTo(0,0);},80);}}}if(document.readyState===\"loading\"){document.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",init);}else{init();}})();<\/script><!-- \/dm-nav --><br \/>\n<span id=\"dm-teknik\" style=\"display:block;height:0;overflow:hidden;\"><\/span><br \/>\nH11, krom esasl\u0131, s\u0131cak i\u015f tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan gelen ancak havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal par\u00e7alar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan orta ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 bir \u00e7eliktir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/alasimli-celikler\/\">Ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler<\/a> grubunda y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131 ile \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kar; UNS kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 T20811&#8217;dir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu malzemenin belirleyici \u00f6zelli\u011fi, yakla\u015f\u0131k 1900 MPa seviyesindeki dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 538 \u00b0C&#8217;ye kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde koruyabilmesidir. %5 krom s\u0131cak sertli\u011fi ve tufallanma direncini, %1,3 molibden ile %0,5 vanadyum ise temperleme direncini ve tane inceli\u011fini sa\u011flar. Karbon oran\u0131n\u0131n %0,40 ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131, bu dayan\u0131m seviyesinde toklu\u011fun korunmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p>Is\u0131l i\u015flem: 1010 \u00b0C&#8217;de 15-45 dakika \u00f6stenitleme ve havada so\u011futma, ard\u0131ndan 538 \u00b0C ve \u00fczerinde 2-3&#8217;er saatlik \u00fc\u00e7 kademeli temperleme ve havada so\u011futma. \u00dc\u00e7 kez temperleme, kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenitin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tamamlayarak boyutsal kararl\u0131l\u0131k sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>U\u00e7ak yap\u0131sal par\u00e7alar\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 elemanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yuvarlak \u00e7ubuk formunda tedarik edilir.<br \/>\n<!-- dm-tablo --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-tablo\" style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Kimyasal Bile\u015fim \u00b7 H11<\/div>\n<div data-dmtw=\"1\" style=\"position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;overflow-x:auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">C \u2014 Karbon<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">%0,40<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Mn \u2014 Manganez<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">%0,30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Si \u2014 Silisyum<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">%0,90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Cr \u2014 Krom<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">%5,00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Mo \u2014 Molibden<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">%1,30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">V \u2014 Vanadyum<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">%0,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Fe \u2014 Demir<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Kalan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-tablo --><br \/>\n<!-- dm-mekanik --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-mekanik\" style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Mekanik \u00d6zellikler \u00b7 H11<\/div>\n<div data-dmtw=\"1\" style=\"position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;overflow-x:auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">\u00c7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131 R<sub>m<\/sub><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">1793 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 R<sub>p0,2<\/sub><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">1482 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Uzama<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">%8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Kesit daralmas\u0131<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">%30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-mekanik --><br \/>\n<!-- dm-std --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-std\" style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Standartlar ve Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 \u00b7 H11<\/div>\n<div data-dmtw=\"1\" style=\"position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;overflow-x:auto;\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Ticari ad<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">H11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">AMS<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">6485 \u00b7 6487<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Temin edilebilen formlar<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Yuvarlak \u00e7ubuk \u00b7 Lama \u00b7 Levha \u00b7 Sac \u00b7 Boru \u00b7 D\u00f6vme<br \/><span style=\"font-size:13px;color:#6b7a84;\">T\u00fcm formlar sipari\u015f bazl\u0131 temin edilmektedir.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-std --><\/p>\n<p><!-- dm-zengin --><\/p>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b0\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">AISI H11 Nedir \u2014 ve Neden \u0130ki Ayr\u0131 Hayat\u0131 Vard\u0131r<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-kars --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">KAR\u015eILA\u015eTIRMA<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:10px 14px 0;font-size:12.5px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;\">\u00d6L\u00c7\u00dcT: AYNI STANDART METN\u0130NDEN OKUNAN K\u0130MYASAL BANTLAR. \u00dc\u00e7 s\u00fctunun da band\u0131, o s\u00fctunun BA\u011eLI OLDU\u011eU STANDARTTAN al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (H11 ve H13 i\u00e7in ASTM A681, 1.2344 i\u00e7in EN ISO 4957), b\u00f6ylece vanadyum fark\u0131 ayn\u0131 \u015fartname mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla okunur. SERTL\u0130K VEYA MUKAVEMET SAYILARI FARKLI KAYNAKLARDAN TOPLANIP YAN YANA KONMAMI\u015eTIR; tokluk ve a\u015f\u0131nma sat\u0131rlar\u0131, ayn\u0131 \u00fcreticinin (voestalpine B\u00d6HLER) ayn\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn ailesindeki iki sayfas\u0131n\u0131n (W300 = 1.2343\/H11, W302 = 1.2344\/H13) kendi derecelendirme diliyle verilmi\u015ftir. TABLODAN \u00c7IKAN TEMEL BULGU \u015eUDUR: &#8216;H13&#8217; ile &#8216;1.2344&#8217; AYNI \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130N iki ayr\u0131 standarttaki ad\u0131d\u0131r, ama BANTLARI B\u0130REB\u0130R AYNI DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R; buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k H11 ile H13 GER\u00c7EKTEN FARKLI \u0130K\u0130 KAL\u0130TED\u0130R ve fark\u0131 belirleyen element VANADYUMDUR.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Kalite<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">UNS<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">W.-Nr.<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Karbon<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Krom<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Molibden<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Vanadyum<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Silisyum<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">\u0130kincil sertle\u015fme<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Tokluk<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Tipik kullan\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">AISI H11 (ASTM A681)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">T20811<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">EN kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 1.2343 \/ X37CrMoV5-1 \u2014 YAKIN E\u015eDE\u011eER, BANT B\u0130REB\u0130R AYNI DE\u011e\u0130L (EN band\u0131 C %0,33-0,41, V %0,30-0,50; ASTM band\u0131 C %0,33-0,43, V %0,30-0,60)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%0,33-0,43 (AZoM\/ASM, SteelPRO, Shahnaz, Aobo Steel). AYRI\u015eAN KAYNAKLAR: Otai %0,35-0,45 \u00b7 Virat Steels %0,30-0,40 \u2014 ORTALAMA ALINMAMI\u015eTIR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%4,75-5,50<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%1,10-1,60<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%0,30-0,60<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%0,80-1,20 (AZoM, Shahnaz) \u00b7 %0,80-1,25 (Aobo Steel, Otai)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u0130kincil sertle\u015fme zirvesi 450-510 \u00b0C&#8217;de yakla\u015f\u0131k 56 HRC (Lucefin, Akrostal, Stauberstahl, Virgamet). \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fi 40-55 HRC.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER W300 (1.2343) kendi sayfas\u0131nda &#8216;\u00e7ok y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak tokluk&#8217;, &#8216;\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi diren\u00e7&#8217; ve &#8216;iyi s\u0131cak sertlik&#8217; der.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">A\u015f\u0131nman\u0131n de\u011fil TOKLUK ve TERMAL \u015eOK direncinin belirleyici oldu\u011fu i\u015flerde se\u00e7ilir. Havac\u0131l\u0131kta AMS 6487 (CEVM\/VAR) kapsam\u0131nda y\u00fcksek mukavemetli yap\u0131 par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">AISI H13 (ASTM A681)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">T20813<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">EN kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 1.2344 \/ X40CrMoV5-1 \u2014 YAKIN E\u015eDE\u011eER, BANT B\u0130REB\u0130R AYNI DE\u011e\u0130L (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131ra bak\u0131n\u0131z)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%0,32-0,45 (AZoM\/ASM ve Otai ayn\u0131)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%4,75-5,50<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%1,10-1,75<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%0,80-1,20<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%0,80-1,20 (AZoM) \u00b7 %0,80-1,25 (Otai)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Ayn\u0131 %5 Cr ailesindendir; sertle\u015ftirme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 band\u0131 H11&#8217;den y\u00fcksektir: B\u00d6HLER W302 i\u00e7in 1020-1080 \u00b0C (bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm i\u00e7in 1020-1030 \u00b0C), H11 i\u00e7in 1000-1030 \u00b0C.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER W302 (1.2344) kendi sayfas\u0131nda &#8216;\u00e7ok y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak tokluk&#8217; YANINDA &#8216;\u00c7OK Y\u00dcKSEK SICAK SERTL\u0130K&#8217; ve &#8216;y\u00fcksek&#8217; a\u015f\u0131nma direnci der. H11 sayfas\u0131nda s\u0131cak sertlik yaln\u0131zca &#8216;iyi&#8217; olarak derecelenir.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Tech Steel fark\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle yazar: H11 &#8216;yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan H13&#8217;ten DAHA AZ VANADYUM i\u00e7erir; bu, a\u015f\u0131nma direnci ve temperleme direncinde bir miktar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fle birlikte DAHA Y\u00dcKSEK TOKLUK verir.&#8217; SteelPRO ayn\u0131 fark\u0131 &#8216;H11 H13&#8217;ten y\u00fcksek darbe direnci, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck a\u015f\u0131nma direnci&#8217; olarak verir; Grimm\/Stauberstahl 1.2343 i\u00e7in &#8216;1.2344&#8217;ten daha y\u00fcksek tokluk&#8217; der.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">X40CrMoV5-1 \/ 1.2344 (EN ISO 4957)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">T20813 (AISI H13 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1.2344<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%0,35-0,42 (SteelNumber ve Otai ayn\u0131) \u2014 ASTM H13 band\u0131n\u0131n (%0,32-0,45) \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDE, ama ONDAN DAR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%4,80-5,50<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%1,20-1,50 (SteelNumber) \u00b7 %1,10-1,50 (Otai) \u2014 KAYNAKLAR AYRI\u015eIYOR. ASTM H13 tavan\u0131 %1,75&#8217;tir, yani EN band\u0131 daha dard\u0131r.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%0,85-1,15 (SteelNumber, Otai, Virgamet ayn\u0131) \u2014 ASTM H13 band\u0131ndan (%0,80-1,20) DAR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%0,80-1,20<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">D\u00f6rrenberg 1.2344 i\u00e7in 1020-1060 \u00b0C sertle\u015ftirme ve 500-550 \u00b0C temperleme verir; ayn\u0131 \u00fcretici 1.2343 i\u00e7in 1000-1050 \u00b0C sertle\u015ftirme ve 500-550 \u00b0C temperleme verir.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">D\u00f6rrenberg 1.2344&#8217;\u00fc &#8216;y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta y\u00fcksek mukavemet, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak a\u015f\u0131nma direnci, iyi tokluk&#8217; diye tan\u0131mlar; ayn\u0131 \u00fcretici 1.2343&#8217;\u00fc, \u00fcreticinin kendi ifadesiyle &#8216;excellent toughness combined with high thermal stability, high resistance to thermal shocks, good thermal conductivity&#8217; diye tan\u0131mlar. \u0130ki tan\u0131m kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1.2344&#8217;\u00fcn \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6zelli\u011fi SICAK A\u015eINMA D\u0130RENC\u0130, 1.2343&#8217;\u00fcnki TOKLUK ve TERMAL \u015eOK D\u0130RENC\u0130D\u0130R.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1.2344 ile ASTM H13 E\u015eDE\u011eER YAZILMAZ: EN band\u0131 karbon, molibden ve vanadyum taraf\u0131nda ASTM band\u0131ndan dard\u0131r. 1.2344 sertifikas\u0131 ile gelen mal ASTM H13 sipari\u015fini kar\u015f\u0131layabilir, TERS\u0130 HER ZAMAN GE\u00c7ERL\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">Ek bilgiler<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Vanadyum fark\u0131<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">BEL\u0130RLEY\u0130C\u0130 FARK VANADYUMDUR. ASTM A681 band\u0131nda H11 %0,30-0,60, H13 %0,80-1,20; EN ISO 4957 band\u0131nda 1.2343 %0,30-0,50, 1.2344 %0,85-1,15. Yani H13&#8217;\u00fcn vanadyumu H11&#8217;inkinin yakla\u015f\u0131k \u0130K\u0130 KATIDIR. \u00dcretici nominal de\u011ferleri de ayn\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fc g\u00f6sterir: B\u00d6HLER W300 (H11) %0,45 ve %0,40, B\u00d6HLER W302 (H13) %0,95; D\u00f6rrenberg 1.2343 %0,40, 1.2344 %1,00; Carpenter H11 %0,45. Vanadyum sert ve kararl\u0131 VC karb\u00fcr\u00fc yapar: a\u015f\u0131nma direncini ve temperleme direncini y\u00fckseltir, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k toklu\u011fu ve \u0131s\u0131 iletimini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. PRAT\u0130K SONU\u00c7: H11 darbe ve termal \u015fokun birlikte geldi\u011fi i\u015flerde (d\u00f6vme kal\u0131b\u0131, s\u0131cak kesme b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck ekstr\u00fczyon tak\u0131m\u0131, havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131 par\u00e7as\u0131) H11; y\u00fcksek adetli bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcmde ve a\u015f\u0131nman\u0131n \u00f6ne ge\u00e7ti\u011fi i\u015flerde H13 se\u00e7ilir. Krom, molibden ve silisyum bantlar\u0131 iki kalitede neredeyse ayn\u0131d\u0131r; yani fark &#8216;daha ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \/ daha az ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131&#8217; de\u011fil, do\u011frudan VANADYUM-TOKLUK TAKASIDIR.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ergitme fark\u0131<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dc B\u0130R EKSEN VARDIR VE TABLODA G\u00d6R\u00dcNMEZ: ERG\u0130TME Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130. \u00dc\u00e7 s\u00fctunun hi\u00e7biri ergitme y\u00f6ntemi \u015fart ko\u015fmaz; ASTM A681 ve EN ISO 4957 yaln\u0131zca kimya ve tavl\u0131 sertlik tavan\u0131 verir. Havac\u0131l\u0131k i\u015finde istenen \u015eART AMS 6487&#8217;dedir: &#8216;Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted&#8217; (sarf elektrotlu vakumda yeniden ergitme, CEVM\/VAR) ve &#8216;premium aircraft-quality&#8217;. \u00dcretici taraf\u0131nda ticari \u00fcst kalite olarak ESR (elektrocuruf yeniden ergitme) sunulur (BGH 1.2343 ESR, ROVALMA 1.2343 ESR, Marks 1.2343 ESU, Schmolz + Bickenbach Thermodur 2343 EFS &#8216;extra ince yap\u0131&#8217;); BGH &#8216;modern ve ince yap\u0131l\u0131 tak\u0131mlar\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi en iyi tokluk \u00f6zellikleri elektrocuruf yeniden ergitme (ESR) ile elde edilir&#8217; der. ESR ile VAR AYNI \u015eEY DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R ve ESR sertifikas\u0131 AMS 6487 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaz.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ortak sinir<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u00dc\u00c7\u00dc DE SICAK \u0130\u015e TAKIM \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130D\u0130R VE \u00dc\u00c7\u00dc DE PASLANMAZ DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. %5 krom pasif tabaka olu\u015fturmaz. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnde de ana hasar mekanizmas\u0131 termal yorulmad\u0131r (heat checking); \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde de tek temperleme kabul edilmez; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnde de su verme h\u0131z\u0131 yetersiz kal\u0131rsa tane s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda karb\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi ve perlit olu\u015fur ve Charpy de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015fer. Kalite se\u00e7imi bu \u00fc\u00e7 sorunun hi\u00e7birini \u00e7\u00f6zmez; yaln\u0131zca tokluk ile a\u015f\u0131nma aras\u0131ndaki takas noktas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">&#8216;H13&#8217; \u0130LE &#8216;1.2344&#8217; AYRI \u0130K\u0130 \u00c7EL\u0130K DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R; ayn\u0131 \u00e7eli\u011fin iki standarttaki ad\u0131d\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen bantlar\u0131 birebir ayn\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tabloda AYRI S\u00dcTUN olarak verilmi\u015flerdir \u2014 kabul karar\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm analizine bak\u0131larak verilir. Tabloda SERTL\u0130K\/\u00c7EKME SAYISI \u0130LE KIYAS YAPILMAMI\u015eTIR, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc iki kalitenin ula\u015fabilece\u011fi azami sertlik birbirine yak\u0131nd\u0131r (her ikisi de su verilmi\u015f durumda 54-56 HRC mertebesindedir). Fark sertlikte de\u011fil, o sertli\u011fin hangi s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa kadar korundu\u011funda ve hangi tokluk bedeliyle al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. B\u00d6HLER W300 ile W302 sayfalar\u0131n\u0131n derecelendirme dili (iyi \/ y\u00fcksek \/ \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek) AYNI \u00dcRET\u0130C\u0130N\u0130N AYNI \u00d6L\u00c7E\u011e\u0130D\u0130R; bu y\u00fczden kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmaya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 \u00fcreticilerin derecelendirmeleri yan yana KONMAMI\u015eTIR.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-kars --><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\">AISI <b>H11<\/b> (UNS <b>T20811<\/b> \/ W.Nr. <b>1.2343<\/b> \/ EN <b>X37CrMoV5-1<\/b>), <b>%5 kromlu, hava sertle\u015fmeli bir s\u0131cak i\u015f tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fidir<\/b>: nominal <b>%0,38 C \u2013 %5,0 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,4 V \u2013 %1,0 Si<\/b>. Orta karbon + y\u00fcksek krom + molibden kombinasyonu \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyi ayn\u0131 anda verir: <b>havada derin sertle\u015fme<\/b>, <b>ikincil sertle\u015fme<\/b> (temperleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda sertli\u011fin yeniden y\u00fckselmesi) ve <b>y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 koruma<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;i tan\u0131mlayan tek say\u0131 vanadyumdur: %0,30\u20130,60.<\/b> Karde\u015fi H13&#8217;te ayn\u0131 bant <b>%0,80\u20131,20<\/b>&#8216;dir. Di\u011fer her \u015fey \u2014 karbon, krom, molibden, silisyum \u2014 fiilen ayn\u0131d\u0131r. <b>O yar\u0131m puanl\u0131k vanadyum fark\u0131, iki \u00e7eli\u011fi iki ayr\u0131 ticari \u00fcr\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr<\/b> ve bu sayfan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc odur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;in az bilinen ikinci hayat\u0131 ise \u015fudur:<\/b> ayn\u0131 \u00e7elik, <b>AMS 6487<\/b> premium u\u00e7ak kalitesinde sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi olarak de\u011fil, <b>ultra y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 bir YAPISAL \u00e7elik<\/b> olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r \u2014 ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131, roket motoru g\u00f6vdesi, kritik ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131. Carpenter&#8217;\u0131n kendi ifadesi a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: <b>260.000 psi \u00fczerinde dayan\u0131m<\/b> ve <b>427\u2013649 \u00b0C (800\u20131200 \u00b0F) aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek s\u00fcr\u00fcnme ve kopma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b>. <b>Ayn\u0131 kimya, ayn\u0131 \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem mant\u0131\u011f\u0131, tamamen farkl\u0131 bir sat\u0131n alma \u015fartnamesi ve tamamen farkl\u0131 bir muayene rejimi.<\/b> A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ayr\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm olarak a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">S\u0131cak \u0130\u015f Tak\u0131m \u00c7elikleri Ailesinde D\u00fcr\u00fcst Konumland\u0131rma<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>AISI H11<\/b><br \/>(T20811 \/ 1.2343 \/ X37CrMoV5-1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">%5 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 <b>%0,4 V<\/b>. <b>Ailenin TOKLUK kalitesi.<\/b> D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vanadyum = daha az sert karb\u00fcr = daha az \u00e7atlak ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 = <b>daha iyi tokluk ve daha iyi \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama (heat checking) direnci<\/b>. Bedeli: <b>daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck a\u015f\u0131nma direnci<\/b>. Ayr\u0131ca %1&#8217;e yak\u0131n silisyumu sayesinde <b>ergimi\u015f al\u00fcminyuma \u0131slanma\/yap\u0131\u015fma direnci iyidir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>AISI H13<\/b><br \/>(T20813 \/ 1.2344 \/ X40CrMoV5-1)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">%5 Cr \u2013 %1,4 Mo \u2013 <b>%1,0 V<\/b>. <b>Ailenin A\u015eINMA kalitesi ve d\u00fcnya standard\u0131.<\/b> Vanadyum karb\u00fcrleri sertli\u011fi ve a\u015f\u0131nma direncini y\u00fckseltir, s\u0131cak sertli\u011fi bir miktar iyile\u015ftirir. Bedeli: <b>daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enine tokluk<\/b> ve \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamaya biraz daha yatk\u0131nl\u0131k. <b>Al\u00fcminyum enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131n fiil\u00ee varsay\u0131lan\u0131d\u0131r<\/b> ve NADCA kabul kriterlerinin merkezinde H13 vard\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>AISI H10<\/b><br \/>(1.2365 \/ 32CrMoV12-28)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck krom (~%3), daha y\u00fcksek molibden (~%2,8), kobalt ilaveli t\u00fcrevleri var. <b>Daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak dayan\u0131m<\/b>, ama tokluk ve \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama dengesi farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Pirin\u00e7 ve bak\u0131r ekstr\u00fczyon kal\u0131plar\u0131nda ve s\u0131cak d\u00f6vmede kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>AISI H21<\/b><br \/>(1.2581 \/ X30WCrV9-3)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Tungsten esasl\u0131 s\u0131cak i\u015f \u00e7eli\u011fi.<\/b> Krom-molibden ailesinden farkl\u0131 bir kimyad\u0131r. <b>\u00c7ok daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak sertlik<\/b>, ama <b>\u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tokluk ve \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama direnci<\/b> ve <b>su ile so\u011futulamaz<\/b>. S\u0131cak ekstr\u00fczyon mandreli, pirin\u00e7 kal\u0131b\u0131, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck termal \u015fok i\u015fleri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u201cPremium\u201d \/ \u201cSuperior\u201d H13<\/b><br \/>(NADCA s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Farkl\u0131 bir kimya de\u011fil, <b>farkl\u0131 bir TEM\u0130ZL\u0130K ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem rejimidir<\/b>: VAR ile \u00fcretim, k\u00fck\u00fcrd\u00fc ~%0,001&#8217;e indirmek, dar tane boyutu, tavl\u0131 sertlik tavan\u0131 ve <b>zorunlu darbe toklu\u011fu testi<\/b>. <b>Ayn\u0131 ASTM kalitesi, bamba\u015fka bir \u00fcr\u00fcn<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Uddeholm Vidar Superior tipi \u201cmodifiye H11\u201d<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Nominal <b>%0,36 C \u2013 %0,3 Si \u2013 %0,3 Mn \u2013 %5,0 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,5 V<\/b>. <b>Dikkat: silisyum 1,0&#8217;dan 0,3&#8217;e indirilmi\u015ftir<\/b> \u2014 klasik 1.2343&#8217;ten farkl\u0131 bir \u00e7eliktir ve \u00fcretici bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u201c1.2343 tipi malzemeye k\u0131yasla darbe toklu\u011funda kayda de\u011fer iyile\u015fme\u201d diye tan\u0131mlar. <b>Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Charpy V de\u011feri ~80\u2013100 J mertebesindedir<\/b> \u2014 klasik H11&#8217;in yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f 13,6\u201333,9 J band\u0131yla k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda fark\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. <b>\u201cH11 ald\u0131m\u201d demek, hangi H11&#8217;i ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6ylemez<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>AMS 6487 H11<\/b><br \/>(premium u\u00e7ak kalitesi)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Ayn\u0131 ASTM ailesi, ama <b>karbon band\u0131 0,38\u20130,43&#8217;e daralt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/b> ve <b>vakum sarf elektrot yeniden ergitme (VAR) zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/b>. <b>Bir kal\u0131p \u00e7eli\u011fi olarak de\u011fil, yap\u0131sal \u00e7elik olarak sat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/b> A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ayr\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcme bak\u0131n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b1\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">H11 ile H13 Fark\u0131 \u2014 Vanadyum %0,4&#8217;e Kar\u015f\u0131 %1,0<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Bu, H11 sayfas\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr ve neredeyse hi\u00e7bir da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mc\u0131 sayfas\u0131 do\u011fru yazm\u0131yor.<\/b> Fark tek bir elementte, tek bir bantta yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r ve mekanizmas\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ticari sonucu kendili\u011finden \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Tek Fark, \u00dc\u00e7 Sonu\u00e7<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Kimyasal fark<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Vanadyum: H11&#8217;de %0,30\u20130,60, H13&#8217;te %0,80\u20131,20.<\/b> Karbon, krom, molibden ve silisyum bantlar\u0131 fiilen \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. <b>Ailenin tamam\u0131, tek bir elementin iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla ikiye ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Mekanizma<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Vanadyum, temperleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda <b>\u00e7ok ince ve \u00e7ok sert MC tipi vanadyum karb\u00fcrleri<\/b> \u00e7\u00f6keltir. Bu karb\u00fcrler \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fey yapar: <b>(1)<\/b> ikincil sertle\u015fme pi\u043aini y\u00fckseltirler; <b>(2)<\/b> ostenit tanesini sabitleyip tane b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini engellerler; <b>(3)<\/b> matris i\u00e7inde <b>sert, gevrek ve k\u00f6\u015feli ikinci faz par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131<\/b> olu\u015ftururlar. <b>\u0130lk ikisi istenen, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6denen bedeldir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Sonu\u00e7 1 \u00b7 A\u015f\u0131nma<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>H13 kazan\u0131r.<\/b> MC karb\u00fcrleri, matristen \u00e7ok daha serttir; abrazif ve eroziv a\u015f\u0131nmaya diren\u00e7 do\u011frudan onlardan gelir. <b>Ergimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumun eroziv etkisi, s\u0131cak ekstr\u00fczyonda kal\u0131p a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, s\u0131cak d\u00f6vmede boyut kayb\u0131 \u2014 hepsinde H13 \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Sonu\u00e7 2 \u00b7 Tokluk<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>H11 kazan\u0131r.<\/b> Her sert karb\u00fcr bir gerilme y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 noktas\u0131 ve potansiyel bir \u00e7atlak ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Vanadyum yar\u0131ya indi\u011finde karb\u00fcr hacim oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer; <b>k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu ve \u00f6zellikle EN\u0130NE tokluk y\u00fckselir<\/b>. <b>A\u011f\u0131r kesitlerde ve \u015fok y\u00fckl\u00fc uygulamalarda bu fark kritiktir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Sonu\u00e7 3 \u00b7 Is\u0131l \u00e7atlama (heat checking)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Bu, ticari olarak EN \u00d6NEML\u0130 sonu\u00e7tur ve kaynaklar burada AYRI\u015eIR.<\/b> <b>Klasik tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi literat\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn duru\u015fu:<\/b> \u0131s\u0131l yorulma \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131, y\u00fczeydeki bir gerilme y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 noktas\u0131ndan ba\u015flar; karb\u00fcr hacim oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve toklu\u011fu y\u00fcksek olan H11, \u00e7atlak ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na ve ilerlemesine daha diren\u00e7lidir \u2014 <b>bu y\u00fczden H11, su ile so\u011futulan ve \u015fiddetli termal \u015fok g\u00f6ren kal\u0131plarda tercih edilir<\/b>. <b>Kar\u015f\u0131 duru\u015f:<\/b> baz\u0131 g\u00fcncel ticari kaynaklar, H13&#8217;\u00fcn daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak sertli\u011fi ve y\u00fczey akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 sayesinde termal yorulmaya daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011funu yazar. <b>\u0130ki duru\u015f ayn\u0131 anda do\u011fru olamaz; ve bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada iki taraf\u0131 yan yana \u00f6l\u00e7en tek bir hakemli veri seti bulunamad\u0131.<\/b> <b>D\u00fcr\u00fcst ifade \u015fudur:<\/b> d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vanadyum \u2192 y\u00fcksek tokluk \u2192 <b>\u00e7atlak BA\u015eLAMASINA ve YAYILMASINA<\/b> diren\u00e7; y\u00fcksek vanadyum \u2192 y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak sertlik \u2192 <b>y\u00fczeyin plastik akmas\u0131na<\/b> diren\u00e7. <b>Hangisinin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131, kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n hangi mekanizmayla \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Sonu\u00e7 4 \u00b7 Tavlanabilirlik ve i\u015flenebilirlik<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Daha az sert karb\u00fcr, <b>kesici tak\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha az abrazif bir malzeme<\/b> demektir. <b>H11 kaba i\u015flemede H13&#8217;ten bir miktar naziktir<\/b> \u2014 ama ikisi de yay\u0131mlanan <b>%75\u201380<\/b> band\u0131nda (%1 C&#8217;li \u00e7eli\u011fe g\u00f6re) kal\u0131r ve fark pratikte k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n karar kural\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Kal\u0131p \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama a\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00fcyorsa (y\u00fczeyde ince \u00e7atlak a\u011f\u0131, su so\u011futmal\u0131, \u015fiddetli \u00e7evrim) \u2192 H11 taraf\u0131na gidin.<\/b> <b>Kal\u0131p a\u015f\u0131narak \u00f6l\u00fcyorsa (boyut kayb\u0131, a\u011f\u0131z yuvarlanmas\u0131, eroziv oyulma) \u2192 H13 taraf\u0131na gidin.<\/b> <b>Kal\u0131p tek seferde k\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00fcyorsa (b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7atlak, k\u00f6\u015feden kopma) \u2192 tokluk sorunu var demektir: H11 + daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fi + daha iyi temizlik s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131.<\/b> <b>Ar\u0131za bi\u00e7imine bakmadan kalite de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, ayn\u0131 paray\u0131 iki kez \u00f6demektir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b2\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">\u00dcr\u00fcn Formuna G\u00f6re Standartlar<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-std --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\u00dcR\u00dcN FORMUNA G\u00d6RE STANDARTLAR<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">\u00dcr\u00fcn formu<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Standartlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Yuvarlak \u00e7ubuk \u00b7 lama<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\"><b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6487<\/b> (\u00e7ubuk, d\u00f6vme ve d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; H-11; SARF ELEKTROTLU VAKUMDA YEN\u0130DEN ERG\u0130TME \u015fartl\u0131; premium u\u00e7ak kalitesi; g\u00fcncel revizyon M\/2021) \u00b7 ASTM A681 &#8216;Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy&#8217; \u00b7 EN ISO 4957:2018 (1.2343 \/ X37CrMoV5-1) \u00b7 JIS G4404 SKD6 \u00b7 BS 4659 BH11. \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015e, S\u0130PAR\u0130\u015eE YAZILMAZ: <b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6485<\/b> (\u0130ptal Ekim 2006) ve <b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6488<\/b> (\u0130ptal Ocak 2008).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">D\u00f6vme \u00b7 d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\"><b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6487<\/b> (\u00e7ubuk, d\u00f6vme ve d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; CEVM\/VAR \u015fartl\u0131) \u00b7 ASTM A681 (d\u00f6vme kapsamdad\u0131r) \u00b7 EN ISO 4957:2018 (1.2343).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Levha \u00b7 sac \u00b7 \u015ferit<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\"><b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6437<\/b> (sac, \u015ferit ve levha; H-11; U\u00c7AK KAL\u0130TES\u0130; g\u00fcncel revizyon L\/2025, \u00f6nceki K\/2020) \u00b7 ASTM A681 (levha, sac ve \u015ferit kapsamdad\u0131r) \u00b7 EN ISO 4957:2018 (1.2343). D\u0130KKAT: <b style=\"font-size:16.5px;font-weight:800;color:#12303f;\">AMS 6437<\/b> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8216;Aircraft Quality&#8217; der ama &#8216;Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted&#8217; DEMEZ; 6487&#8217;nin ergitme \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 TA\u015eIMAZ.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Filma\u015fin \u00b7 tel<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM A681 (filma\u015fin ve tel kapsamdad\u0131r) \u00b7 EN ISO 4957:2018 (1.2343). Carpenter kendi \u00fcr\u00fcn listesinde H11&#8217;i tel formunda da verir. H11 TEL\u0130 \u0130\u00c7\u0130N DO\u011eRULANMI\u015e B\u0130R AMS NUMARASI BULUNAMAMI\u015eTIR.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Boru<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">ASTM A681 ve EN ISO 4957 kimyas\u0131na g\u00f6re sipari\u015f edilir. BU FORM \u0130\u00c7\u0130N DO\u011eRULANMI\u015e B\u0130R H-11 AMS NUMARASI BULUNAMAMI\u015eTIR; ASTM A681&#8217;in kapsam metni de boruyu saymaz (kapsam: \u00e7ubuk, levha, sac, \u015ferit, filma\u015fin, tel, d\u00f6vme).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm kal\u0131b\u0131 (kabul ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">NADCA #207 \u2014 &#8216;Special Quality Die Steel &#038; Heat Treatment Acceptance Criteria for Die Casting Dies&#8217;. \u015eartlar\u0131: \u00f6stenitleme 1030 \u00b1 5 \u00b0C \u00b7 1030-540 \u00b0C aras\u0131nda en az 28 \u00b0C\/dakika so\u011futma \u00b7 EN AZ \u0130K\u0130 temperleme \u00e7evrimi, birincisi en az 565 \u00b0C ve en az 2 saat \u00b7 her \u00e7evrimde 25,4 mm ba\u015f\u0131na 1 saat, en az 2 saat \u00b7 sertle\u015fmi\u015f yap\u0131da perlit, kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenit, dekarb\u00fcrizasyon, karb\u00fcrizasyon veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tane s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi bulunmayacak. B\u00d6HLER W300 ISOBLOC \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc NADCA D1830 \/ #207 atamas\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Kaynak dolgu metali<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">H11 \u0130\u00c7\u0130N DO\u011eRULANMI\u015e B\u0130R AMS KAYNAK TEL\u0130 NUMARASI BULUNAMAMI\u015eTIR. B\u00d6HLER&#8217;in tak\u0131m kayna\u011f\u0131 el kitab\u0131 1.2343 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 i\u00e7in UTP 73 G2 \/ 73 G3 \/ 73 G4 dolgular\u0131n\u0131 verir; genel kural dolgunun ana metalin kimyas\u0131n\u0131 ve sertli\u011fini yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak e\u015flemesidir (Ellwood, Total Materia).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Kaynak prosed\u00fcr grubu<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ASME B\u00f6l\u00fcm IX P-No ATAMASI YAZILMAMI\u015eTIR: H11 bir ASME BPVC taban malzemesi olarak listelenmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakla do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f bir P-No bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">AMS NUMARALARI \u00dcR\u00dcN FORMUNA G\u00d6RE AYRILIR VE B\u0130RB\u0130R\u0130N\u0130N YER\u0130NE GE\u00c7MEZ. AMS 6487 yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ubuk, d\u00f6vme ve d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr; AMS 6437 yaln\u0131zca sac, \u015ferit ve levhad\u0131r. AMS 6487 \u0130LE AMS 6437 AYNI TEM\u0130ZL\u0130K \u015eARTINI TA\u015eIMAZ. 6487 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#8216;Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted&#8217; (sarf elektrotlu vakumda yeniden ergitme) der ve ANSI kayd\u0131 malzemeyi &#8216;premium aircraft-quality&#8217; olarak tan\u0131mlar; 6437 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaln\u0131zca &#8216;Aircraft Quality&#8217; der. AMS 6485 VE AMS 6488 \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R (s\u0131ras\u0131yla Ekim 2006 ve Ocak 2008). Bu numaralar h\u00e2l\u00e2 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 sayfalar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr; sipari\u015f dayana\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir. ANSI kayd\u0131 AMS 6485 i\u00e7in &#8216;AMS 6487 ile kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r&#8217;, AMS 6488 i\u00e7in &#8216;benzer ancak zorunlu olarak ayn\u0131 olmayan \u00fcr\u00fcnler AMS 6487&#8217;de kapsanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r&#8217; der. ASTM A681 VE EN ISO 4957 ERG\u0130TME Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130 \u015eART KO\u015eMAZ. ESR (elektrocuruf yeniden ergitme) kalitesi bu standartlar\u0131n de\u011fil, \u00fcreticinin ticari \u00fcst kalitesidir (BGH, ROVALMA, Marks, Sa\u011flam Metal 1.2343 ESR\/ESU verir). Havac\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in istenen VAR\/CEVM \u015fart\u0131 ise yaln\u0131zca AMS 6487&#8217;dedir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-std --><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;in standart haritas\u0131 ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ve bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme sipari\u015f sat\u0131r\u0131nda kritiktir:<\/b> <b>kal\u0131p\/tak\u0131m taraf\u0131<\/b> (ASTM A681, EN ISO 4957, NADCA) ile <b>havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal taraf\u0131<\/b> (AMS). Ayn\u0131 \u00e7elik, iki farkl\u0131 kabul rejimi. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda hangi sat\u0131r\u0131n hangi d\u00fcnyaya ait oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">\u00dcr\u00fcn Formuna G\u00f6re Standartlar \u00b7 AISI H11 (T20811 \/ 1.2343)<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u00c7ubuk \u00b7 yass\u0131 \u00b7 kare \u00b7 blok \u00b7 d\u00f6vme \u2014 tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi taraf\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ASTM A681<\/b> \u2014 <i>Standard Specification for Tool Steels Alloy<\/i>. H11 bu \u015fartnamenin s\u0131cak i\u015f (H serisi) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yer al\u0131r. <b>Bile\u015fim + genel gereklilikleri tan\u0131mlar; temizlik s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 veya darbe toklu\u011fu \u015fart\u0131 GET\u0130RMEZ<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Avrupa \u00b7 tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>EN ISO 4957<\/b> \u2014 tak\u0131m \u00e7elikleri. \u0130lgili kalite <b>1.2343 \/ X37CrMoV5-1<\/b>. <b>ASTM A681 H11 ile kimya band\u0131 \u00d6RT\u00dc\u015e\u00dcR AMA AYNI DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R<\/b> \u2014 kimya b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u00c7ubuk \u00b7 d\u00f6vme \u00b7 d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2014 havac\u0131l\u0131k, VAR zorunlu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>AMS 6487<\/b> \u2014 tam ba\u015fl\u0131k: <i>Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock, 5.0Cr \u2013 1.3Mo \u2013 0.50V (0.38 \u2013 0.43C) (H-11), Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted<\/i> (y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki revizyon <b>AMS 6487M, 2021<\/b>). <b>H11&#8217;in havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal kullan\u0131m\u0131ndaki TEK ge\u00e7erli \u015fartnamesi budur<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>AMS 6485 \u2014 D\u0130KKAT<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><i>Steel Bars and Forgings, 5.0Cr \u2013 1.3Mo \u2013 0.50V (0.38\u20130.43C)<\/i>. <b>Bu \u015fartname \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R (rev. H, 1989; iptal Ekim 2006).<\/b> H\u00e2l\u00e2 onlarca veri sayfas\u0131nda canl\u0131 gibi listeleniyor. <b>Yeni sipari\u015fte at\u0131f yapmay\u0131n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>AMS 6488 \u2014 D\u0130KKAT<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><i>Steel, Bars and Forgings 5.0Cr \u2013 1.3Mo \u2013 0.50V (0.38\u20130.43C)<\/i>. <b>Bu \u015fartname de \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R (rev. H, 1998; iptal Ocak 2008).<\/b> <b>AMS 6485 ve 6488&#8217;i h\u00e2l\u00e2 listeleyen bir veri sayfas\u0131, en az on be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r g\u00fcncellenmemi\u015f demektir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131 kabul kriteri<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>NADCA #207<\/b> \u2014 <i>Special Quality Die Steel &amp; Heat Treatment Acceptance Criteria for Die Casting Dies<\/i>. <b>Bu bir malzeme \u015fartnamesi de\u011fil, bir KABUL KR\u0130TER\u0130 belgesidir<\/b>: tavl\u0131 sertlik tavan\u0131, mikro temizlik, tavl\u0131 mikroyap\u0131, tane boyutu, <b>zorunlu darbe toklu\u011fu testi<\/b> ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem gereklilikleri. <b>Merkezinde H13 vard\u0131r<\/b>; alternatif ve premium kaliteler <b>NADCA #229<\/b>&#8216;da ele al\u0131n\u0131r. <b>H11&#8217;in bu belgelerdeki tam yeri bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z do\u011frulanamad\u0131<\/b> \u2014 bir \u00fcretici sayfas\u0131 1.2343\/H11 i\u00e7in <b>NADCA D1830<\/b> g\u00f6sterimi kullan\u0131yor, ancak <b>tek kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Di\u011fer ulusal kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">JIS <b>SKD6<\/b> \u00b7 BS <b>BH11<\/b> \u00b7 GOST <b>4Ch5MFS<\/b> tipi kaliteler. <i>(Bir kaynak DIN kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <b>X38CrMoV5-1<\/b> diye verir \u2014 bu genellikle 1.2343&#8217;\u00fcn eski\/alternatif adland\u0131rmas\u0131 olarak dola\u015f\u0131r; <b>X37CrMoV5-1 g\u00fcncel EN ad\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>)<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Kaynak sarf malzemesi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>H11 kimyas\u0131nda bir AWS s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 YOKTUR.<\/b> Tamir kayna\u011f\u0131nda ya <b>ana metal kimyas\u0131na e\u015fle\u015fen \u00f6zel \u00e7ekilmi\u015f tel<\/b> ya da kritik olmayan b\u00f6lgelerde <b>daha s\u00fcnek nikel\/paslanmaz esasl\u0131 tel<\/b> kullan\u0131l\u0131r \u2014 ikisi de \u00fcretici prosed\u00fcr\u00fcne tabidir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>ASME B\u00f6l\u00fcm IX P\/F-No.<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">H11 bir <b>tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fidir<\/b>; ASME kazan ve bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 kap d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bas\u0131n\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 malzemesi olarak listelenmez. <b>Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bir P-No. atamas\u0131 do\u011frulanamad\u0131; P numaras\u0131 yay\u0131mlamay\u0131n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Levha \u00b7 sac \u00b7 boru \u00b7 fitting \u00b7 flan\u015f<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Yoktur ve olmas\u0131 beklenmez.<\/b> H11 bir kap malzemesi de\u011fildir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b3\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Kod Kabul\u00fc ve Azami S\u0131cakl\u0131klar \u2014 D\u00fcr\u00fcst Cevap<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Beklenen ASME tablosu burada da BO\u015eTUR<\/b> ve sebebi ayn\u0131d\u0131r: H11 bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 ekipman\u0131 malzemesi de\u011fildir. Ama H11&#8217;de <b>ger\u00e7ek ve \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 vard\u0131r<\/b> \u2014 yaln\u0131zca kod taraf\u0131nda de\u011fil, metalurji taraf\u0131nda.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">H11&#8217;de S\u0131cakl\u0131k S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 Ne Belirler<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2014 mutlak kural<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Servis s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kullan\u0131lan temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ALTINDA kalmak zorundad\u0131r.<\/b> \u00dcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda par\u00e7a serviste kendini temperlemeye devam eder: <b>sertlik d\u00fc\u015fer, boyut de\u011fi\u015fir ve bu geri al\u0131namaz<\/b>. Havac\u0131l\u0131k rotas\u0131nda temperleme <b>\u2265538 \u00b0C (1000 \u00b0F)<\/b>&#8216;de yap\u0131l\u0131r; kal\u0131pta ise \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fine g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Yay\u0131mlanan \u201cyumu\u015famaya diren\u00e7\u201d rakam\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Havac\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131 i\u00e7in yay\u0131mlanan ifade: <b>1000 \u00b0F (538 \u00b0C)&#8217;ye kadar yumu\u015famaya direnir<\/b>. Carpenter ayr\u0131ca <b>427\u2013649 \u00b0C (800\u20131200 \u00b0F) aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek s\u00fcr\u00fcnme ve kopma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b> bildirir. <b>Bu ikisi ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir:<\/b> birincisi bir <b>sertlik korunumu<\/b> iddias\u0131, ikincisi bir <b>k\u0131sa\/orta s\u00fcreli y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131ma<\/b> iddias\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>600 \u00b0C \u00fczeri \u2014 NEREDE BA\u015eARISIZ<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>600 \u00b0C \u00fczerinde H11 h\u0131zla yumu\u015far.<\/b> Yay\u0131mlanan bir temperleme tablosu, 1020 \u00b0C&#8217;den ya\u011fa verilip temperlenen numune i\u00e7in <b>550 \u00b0C&#8217;de 46 HRC<\/b>, <b>650 \u00b0C&#8217;de 30 HRC<\/b> verir \u2014 <b>y\u00fcz derecede on alt\u0131 HRC kayb\u0131<\/b>. <b>H11 bir y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R<\/b> ve 600 \u00b0C \u00fczerinde s\u00fcrekli y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yan bir uygulamada nikel esasl\u0131 bir ala\u015f\u0131m ya da <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/hastelloy-x\/\">Hastelloy X<\/a> s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bir malzeme aranmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>S\u0131cak akma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">48 HRC&#8217;ye temperlenmi\u015f 1.2343 i\u00e7in \u00fcretici verisi: oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Rm <b>1620 MPa<\/b>, Rp <b>1380 MPa<\/b>; <b>600 \u00b0C&#8217;de s\u0131cak akma dayan\u0131m\u0131 600 MPa<\/b>. <b>Yani 600 \u00b0C&#8217;de dayan\u0131m\u0131n kabaca yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kaybeder<\/b> \u2014 ama h\u00e2l\u00e2 bir\u00e7ok \u00e7eli\u011fin oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dayan\u0131m\u0131na yak\u0131nd\u0131r. <b>Bu, H11&#8217;in ne oldu\u011funu iyi \u00f6zetler: ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir s\u0131cak \u00e7elik, ama yine de bir \u00c7EL\u0130K<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Mod\u00fcl\u00fcn s\u0131cakl\u0131kla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>20 \u00b0C&#8217;de 210.000 MPa \u2192 400 \u00b0C&#8217;de 180.000 MPa \u2192 600 \u00b0C&#8217;de 140.000 MPa.<\/b> <b>S\u0131cak kal\u0131pta rijitlik hesab\u0131 yap\u0131yorsan\u0131z oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kullanmak %33&#8217;e varan hata demektir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Kod taraf\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>ASME kabul\u00fc yoktur ve aranmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> H11&#8217;in kabul rejimi kal\u0131pta <b>NADCA<\/b>, havac\u0131l\u0131kta <b>AMS + OEM<\/b> \u015fartnameleridir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b4\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Standard\u0131 OLMAYAN \u00dcr\u00fcn Formlar\u0131 \u2014 Ticari Olarak En De\u011ferli B\u00f6l\u00fcm<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Sat\u0131\u015f m\u00fchendislerinizin ezberlemesi gereken b\u00f6l\u00fcm budur.<\/b> H11&#8217;in kapsam\u0131, ASTM A681 taraf\u0131nda <b>tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcn formlar\u0131yla<\/b>, AMS taraf\u0131nda ise <b>yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ubuk, d\u00f6vme ve d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle<\/b> s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">T20811 i\u00e7in \u015eartname Bo\u015fluklar\u0131<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Levha \u00b7 sac \u00b7 \u015ferit<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>H11 i\u00e7in levha\/sac \u015fartnamesi YOKTUR.<\/b> Tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi yass\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak <b>bloktan kesilmi\u015f plaka<\/b> (plate) bi\u00e7iminde sat\u0131l\u0131r; bu bir haddelenmi\u015f levha \u015fartnamesi de\u011fildir. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fc, tolerans ve muayene <b>anla\u015fmaya tabidir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Diki\u015fsiz boru \/ t\u00fcp<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>H11 i\u00e7in boru \u00fcr\u00fcn \u015fartnamesi YOKTUR.<\/b> Delik gerekiyorsa <b>bardan\/bloktan i\u015flenir ya da derin delinir<\/b>. Ekstr\u00fczyon kovan\u0131, mandrel ve benzeri i\u00e7i bo\u015f par\u00e7alar bu yolla \u00fcretilir. <b>Havac\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131nda AMS 6487 de boru kapsamaz<\/b> \u2014 yaln\u0131zca bar, d\u00f6vme ve d\u00f6vme k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Tel<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Bir \u00fcretici H11&#8217;i tel formunda listeler<\/b>, ancak <b>bir tel \u00fcr\u00fcn \u015fartnamesi bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/b>. Tavl\u0131 tel ve \u00f6zellikle <b>kaynak dolgusu i\u00e7in \u00e7ekilmi\u015f e\u015fle\u015fen tel<\/b> fiilen mevcuttur ama <b>firma \u015fartnamesine g\u00f6re<\/b> sat\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>D\u00f6k\u00fcm<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>H11&#8217;in standartla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir d\u00f6k\u00fcm e\u015fde\u011feri YOKTUR.<\/b> S\u0131cak i\u015f kal\u0131b\u0131, d\u00f6k\u00fcmden de\u011fil <b>d\u00f6vme bloktan<\/b> i\u015flenir \u2014 ve bunun teknik sebebi vard\u0131r: <b>d\u00f6vme, kal\u0131p \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc belirleyen y\u00f6nl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve i\u00e7 sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 verir<\/b>. D\u00f6k\u00fcm bir s\u0131cak i\u015f kal\u0131b\u0131, <b>\u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama ve i\u00e7 bo\u015fluk a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00f6vmenin yerini tutmaz<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>C\u0131vata \u00b7 somun \u00b7 ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u0130lgin\u00e7 bir istisna:<\/b> H11, y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 havac\u0131l\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131 malzemesi olarak <b>ger\u00e7ekten kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/b> \u2014 ama <b>H11 ad\u0131yla de\u011fil, AMS 6487 malzemesinden \u00fcretilmi\u015f bir ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131 \u015fartnamesi ad\u0131yla<\/b>. <b>\u201cH11 c\u0131vata\u201d talebinde as\u0131l sorulacak soru, hangi ba\u011flant\u0131 eleman\u0131 \u015fartnamesine g\u00f6re oldu\u011fudur<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>\u00d6rt\u00fcl\u00fc elektrot \/ kaynak teli<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>H11 kimyas\u0131nda AWS s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131 YOKTUR.<\/b> Kal\u0131p tamir kayna\u011f\u0131, <b>ana metale e\u015fle\u015fen \u00f6zel \u00e7ekilmi\u015f tel<\/b> veya firma markal\u0131 dolgularla yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Flan\u015f \u00b7 fitting \u00b7 vana<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Yoktur ve olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> H11 bir bas\u0131n\u00e7 ekipman\u0131 malzemesi de\u011fildir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Toz metalurjisi \/ katmanl\u0131 imalat<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">H11\/1.2343 tozu ticari olarak mevcuttur ve kal\u0131p tamirinde lazer ile dolgu (LMD) uygulan\u0131r. <b>Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir AM \u00fcr\u00fcn \u015fartnamesi bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bulunamad\u0131<\/b>; AM ile \u00fcretilmi\u015f H11&#8217;in <b>art\u0131k gerilme, g\u00f6zeneklilik ve temperleme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/b> d\u00f6vme muadilinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b5\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Kimyasal Bile\u015fim<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;de \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 kimya band\u0131 dola\u015f\u0131mdad\u0131r ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de \u201cH11\u201d diye an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/b> Aralar\u0131ndaki farklar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ama <b>karbon band\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fli\u011fi do\u011frudan sertlik sa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 demektir<\/b> ve havac\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131n\u0131n band\u0131 bilin\u00e7li olarak daralt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Kimyasal Bile\u015fim \u00b7 ASTM A681 H11 \u2014 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a %<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Karbon (C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>0,33 \u2013 0,43<\/b> \u2014 <i>[D] Bir ikincil kaynak bu band\u0131 <b>0,35\u20130,45<\/b> olarak verir. <b>\u00c7o\u011funluk ve ASTM duru\u015fu 0,33\u20130,43&#8217;t\u00fcr<\/b>; sipari\u015f \u00f6ncesi \u015fartnameden teyit edin<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Manganez (Mn)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>0,20 \u2013 0,50<\/b> \u2014 <i>[D] bir kaynak 0,20\u20130,60 verir<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Silisyum (Si)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>0,80 \u2013 1,20<\/b> \u2014 <i>[D] bir kaynak 0,80\u20131,25 verir<\/i>. <b>Bu y\u00fcksek silisyum tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir:<\/b> ergimi\u015f al\u00fcminyuma kar\u015f\u0131 \u0131slanma\/yap\u0131\u015fma direncini ve tufal direncini art\u0131r\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Krom (Cr)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>4,75 \u2013 5,50<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Molibden (Mo)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1,10 \u2013 1,60<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Vanadyum (V)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>0,30 \u2013 0,60<\/b> \u2014 <b>H11&#8217;i H13&#8217;ten (0,80\u20131,20) ay\u0131ran TEK elementtir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Fosfor (P) \u00b7 K\u00fck\u00fcrt (S)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>tipik olarak \u22640,030 \u00b7 \u22640,030<\/b> (standart kalite). <b>Premium\/NADCA s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda k\u00fck\u00fcrt ~%0,001&#8217;e indirilir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Demir (Fe)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Kalan<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Kimyasal Bile\u015fim \u00b7 EN ISO 4957 \u00b7 1.2343 X37CrMoV5-1 \u2014 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a %<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Karbon (C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>0,33 \u2013 0,41<\/b> \u2014 <b>ASTM&#8217;nin 0,33\u20130,43&#8217;\u00fcnden DAR<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Silisyum (Si)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>0,80 \u2013 1,20<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Manganez (Mn)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>0,25 \u2013 0,50<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Krom (Cr)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>4,80 \u2013 5,50<\/b> \u2014 <b>alt s\u0131n\u0131r ASTM&#8217;den y\u00fcksek<\/b> (ASTM: 4,75)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Molibden (Mo)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1,10 \u2013 1,50<\/b> \u2014 <b>\u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r ASTM&#8217;den d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/b> (ASTM: 1,60)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Vanadyum (V)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>0,30 \u2013 0,50<\/b> \u2014 <b>\u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r ASTM&#8217;den d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/b> (ASTM: 0,60)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Fosfor (P)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u22640,030<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">K\u00fck\u00fcrt (S)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>\u22640,020<\/b> \u2014 <b>ASTM&#8217;nin tipik \u22640,030&#8217;undan s\u0131k\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Sonu\u00e7<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1.2343, ASTM A681 H11&#8217;in \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDED\u0130R ama onunla AYNI DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R.<\/b> Her 1.2343 bir H11&#8217;dir; her H11 bir 1.2343 de\u011fildir. <b>Avrupa \u015fartnamesine g\u00f6re al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f malzeme ABD \u015fartnamesini kar\u015f\u0131lar; tersi her zaman do\u011fru de\u011fildir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Kimyasal Bile\u015fim \u00b7 AMS 6487 (premium u\u00e7ak kalitesi, VAR) \u2014 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a %<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Karbon (C)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>0,38 \u2013 0,43<\/b> \u2014 <b>ASTM&#8217;nin 0,33\u20130,43 band\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca \u00dcST YARISINA daralt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/b> Sebebi nettir: yap\u0131sal kullan\u0131mda <b>260 ksi \u00fczeri dayan\u0131m hedeflenir<\/b> ve bu, band\u0131n alt ucundaki karbonla tutturulamaz. <b>Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem sonras\u0131 sertlik sa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 daralt\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Krom \u00b7 Molibden \u00b7 Vanadyum<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">\u015eartname ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki nominal: <b>%5,0 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,50 V<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Ergitme rotas\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted \u2014 VAR zorunludur.<\/b> Bu, kimya \u015fart\u0131ndan daha belirleyici olan \u015fartt\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131 gereken c\u00fcmle<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>AMS 6487 \u201cdaha iyi bir H11\u201d de\u011fildir; DAHA DAR ve DAHA TEM\u0130Z bir H11&#8217;dir.<\/b> Bir kal\u0131p at\u00f6lyesi i\u00e7in bu fark genellikle para israf\u0131d\u0131r. Bir ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in pazarl\u0131k konusu de\u011fildir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">\u00dcretici Nominal Bile\u015fimleri \u2014 Hepsi \u201cH11\u201d Diye Sat\u0131l\u0131r<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Carpenter H11<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">C <b>0,40<\/b> \u00b7 Cr <b>5,00<\/b> \u00b7 Mo <b>1,35<\/b> \u00b7 V <b>0,45<\/b> \u00b7 Si \u22640,90 \u00b7 Mn \u22640,35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">B\u00f6hler W300 (1.2343)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">C <b>0,38<\/b> \u00b7 Si <b>1,10<\/b> \u00b7 Mn <b>0,40<\/b> \u00b7 Cr <b>5,00<\/b> \u00b7 Mo <b>1,20<\/b> \u00b7 V <b>0,40<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Uddeholm Vidar 1 ESR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">C <b>0,38<\/b> \u00b7 Si <b>1,0<\/b> \u00b7 Mn <b>0,4<\/b> \u00b7 Cr <b>5,0<\/b> \u00b7 Mo <b>1,3<\/b> \u00b7 V <b>0,4<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Uddeholm Vidar Superior<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">C <b>0,36<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Si 0,3<\/b> \u00b7 Mn <b>0,3<\/b> \u00b7 Cr <b>5,0<\/b> \u00b7 Mo <b>1,3<\/b> \u00b7 V <b>0,5<\/b>. <b>Silisyum 1,0 yerine 0,3 \u2014 bu, klasik 1.2343&#8217;ten farkl\u0131 bir \u00e7eliktir<\/b> ve \u00fcretici tokluk kazanc\u0131n\u0131 buna ba\u011flar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Havac\u0131l\u0131k VAR kalitesi<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">C <b>0,40<\/b> \u00b7 Mn <b>0,30<\/b> \u00b7 Si <b>0,90<\/b> \u00b7 Cr <b>5,00<\/b> \u00b7 Mo <b>1,30<\/b> \u00b7 V <b>0,50<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Okunmas\u0131 gereken<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Be\u015f nominal, be\u015f farkl\u0131 \u00e7elik.<\/b> Karbon 0,36 ile 0,40, silisyum 0,3 ile 1,1, vanadyum 0,40 ile 0,50 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fiyor. <b>Kal\u0131p \u00f6mr\u00fc tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda \u201cayn\u0131 malzemeyi kulland\u0131k\u201d c\u00fcmlesi, \u00fcretici ad\u0131 verilmeden hi\u00e7bir \u015fey ifade etmez<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b6\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Is\u0131l \u0130\u015flem \u2014 H11&#8217;in Tamam\u0131 Buradad\u0131r<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-isil --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">ISIL \u0130\u015eLEM \u2014 \u015eEMAT\u0130K<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">1 \u00b7 SICAK \u015eEK\u0130LLEND\u0130RME \/ D\u00d6VME<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1 \u00b7 SICAK \u015eEK\u0130LLEND\u0130RME \/ D\u00d6VME<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Is\u0131l i\u015flem de\u011fil, \u00f6n \u015fartt\u0131r: d\u00f6vme biti\u015f s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sonras\u0131ndaki so\u011futma, yumu\u015fatma tav\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 belirler.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Kaynaklar ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r. AZoM (ASM k\u00f6kenli) 1121 \u00b0C (2050 \u00b0F) verir ve 899 \u00b0C&#8217;nin alt\u0131nda d\u00f6v\u00fclmemesini s\u00f6yler. D\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakta tek bir say\u0131sal bant do\u011frulanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in BA\u011eLAYICI BANT YAZILMAMI\u015eTIR.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Kesitin tamam\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa gelene kadar. D\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakta say\u0131sal s\u00fcre bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">D\u00f6vme sonras\u0131 yava\u015f so\u011futma ve ard\u0131ndan yumu\u015fatma tav\u0131 \u00f6nerilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Bu kademe i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir sertlik yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">2 \u00b7 YUMU\u015eATMA TAVI (yumu\u015fak tavlama, +A)<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">2 \u00b7 YUMU\u015eATMA TAVI (yumu\u015fak tavlama, +A)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Teslim durumunu ve i\u015flenebilirli\u011fi verir. Sertle\u015ftirme \u00f6ncesi ve kaynak sonras\u0131 onar\u0131mda kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">AVRUPA UYGULAMASI 750-820 \u00b0C: B\u00d6HLER 750-800 \u00b0C \u00b7 D\u00f6rrenberg 750-790 \u00b0C \u00b7 Stauberstahl 760-780 \u00b0C \u00b7 ABRAMS 750-800 \u00b0C \u00b7 Lucefin 800-810 \u00b0C \u00b7 Marks 800-820 \u00b0C. AYRI\u015eAN KAYNAKLAR: BGH 820-880 \u00b0C; ABD uygulamas\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir \u2014 Carpenter 843-871 \u00b0C (1550-1600 \u00b0F), AZoM ve SteelPRO 871 \u00b0C (1600 \u00b0F). ORTALAMA ALINMAMI\u015eTIR.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER 6-8 saat \u00b7 Stauberstahl 4-6 saat \u00b7 ABRAMS ve Marks yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 saat. Tek bir say\u0131sal s\u00fcre d\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakta do\u011frulanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 s\u00fcre yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">FIRINDA KONTROLL\u00dc YAVA\u015e SO\u011eUTMA. B\u00d6HLER 600 \u00b0C&#8217;ye kadar 10-20 \u00b0C\/saat, sonra havada \u00b7 Lucefin 600 \u00b0C&#8217;ye kadar 20-25 \u00b0C\/saat, sonra havada \u00b7 Marks ve ABRAMS 500 \u00b0C&#8217;ye kadar firinda, sonra havada \u00b7 Carpenter en \u00e7ok 20 \u00b0F\/saat \u00b7 AZoM ve SteelPRO 4,4 \u00b0C\/saat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">EN \u00c7OK 229 HBW. B\u00d6HLER, D\u00f6rrenberg, Lucefin, Stauberstahl, BGH, ABRAMS ve Virgamet ayn\u0131 say\u0131y\u0131 verir (yedi kaynak). AYRI\u015eAN KAYNAK: Carpenter en \u00e7ok 241 HB (ABD uygulamas\u0131).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">3 \u00b7 GER\u0130L\u0130M G\u0130DERME TAVI (+SR)<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">3 \u00b7 GER\u0130L\u0130M G\u0130DERME TAVI (+SR)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Kaba tala\u015fl\u0131 i\u015fleme sonras\u0131, sertle\u015ftirmeden \u00d6NCE yap\u0131l\u0131r; \u00e7arp\u0131lmay\u0131 azalt\u0131r. Sertle\u015ftirme kademesinin yerine ge\u00e7mez.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">600-670 \u00b0C. B\u00d6HLER 600-670 \u00b0C \u00b7 D\u00f6rrenberg 600-650 \u00b0C \u00b7 Stauberstahl 600-650 \u00b0C \u00b7 Sa\u011flam Metal 600-650 \u00b0C \u00b7 ABRAMS 600-650 \u00b0C \u00b7 Marks 650 \u00b0C \u00b7 Thermodur 2343 EFS 649 \u00b0C (1200 \u00b0F). Yedi kaynak ayn\u0131 banttad\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER 2-6 saat (tak\u0131m boyutuna g\u00f6re) \u00b7 Stauberstahl 2-3 saat \u00b7 Marks 2 saat \u00b7 ABRAMS en az 4 saat \u00b7 Thermodur 2 saat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">FIRINDA YAVA\u015e SO\u011eUTMA, n\u00f6tr atmosferde (B\u00d6HLER, D\u00f6rrenberg, Stauberstahl, Marks, ABRAMS).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Bu kademe sertlik hedefi ta\u015f\u0131maz; yumu\u015fak tavl\u0131 sertlik korunur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">4 \u00b7 \u00d6N TAV KADEMELER\u0130 (sertle\u015ftirme \u00f6ncesi)<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">4 \u00b7 \u00d6N TAV KADEMELER\u0130 (sertle\u015ftirme \u00f6ncesi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%5 Cr&#8217;lu s\u0131cak i\u015f \u00e7eli\u011fi \u00f6stenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na DO\u011eRUDAN \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaz; kademeli \u00f6n tav \u00e7arp\u0131lmay\u0131 ve \u00e7atlak riskini azalt\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">KAYNAKLAR FARKLI \u015eEMA VER\u0130R, ORTALAMA ALINMAMI\u015eTIR. ROVALMA iki kademeli \u015fema verir: oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 650 \u00b0C&#8217;ye (2 saat), 650 \u00b0C&#8217;de 2 saat bekleme, 650 \u00b0C&#8217;den 850 \u00b0C&#8217;ye (2 saat), 850 \u00b0C&#8217;de 2 saat bekleme. AZoM ve SteelPRO tek kademe verir: 816 \u00b0C (1500 \u00b0F). Aobo Steel 760-815 \u00b0C verir. Shahnaz Bright Steel sert dolgu \u00e7evriminde 310-370 \u00b0C \u00f6n tav verir \u2014 BU FARKLI B\u0130R \u0130\u015eLEMD\u0130R, sertle\u015ftirme \u00f6n tav\u0131 de\u011fildir, kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">ROVALMA her kademede 2 saat bekleme verir. Di\u011fer kaynaklarda say\u0131sal bekleme s\u00fcresi yoktur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">So\u011futma yok; \u00f6n tav do\u011frudan \u00f6stenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Bu kademe sertlik \u00fcretmez.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">5 \u00b7 \u00d6STEN\u0130TLEME + SERTLE\u015eT\u0130RME (su verme)<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">5 \u00b7 \u00d6STEN\u0130TLEME + SERTLE\u015eT\u0130RME (su verme)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Sertli\u011fi veren kademe budur. Karbon ve ala\u015f\u0131m elementleri kat\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye girer, h\u0131zl\u0131 so\u011futma ile martenzite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u00c7EK\u0130RDEK BANT 1000-1030 \u00b0C. B\u00d6HLER W300 ISOBLOC ve ISODISC 1000-1030 \u00b0C (bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm i\u00e7in 1000-1010 \u00b0C) \u00b7 Stauberstahl 1010-1030 \u00b0C \u00b7 Stahlwerk Augustfehn 1010-1030 \u00b0C \u00b7 Lucefin 1020 \u00b0C \u00b7 Akrostal 1020 \u00b0C \u00b7 NADCA #207 (H13 i\u00e7in) 1030 \u00b0C \u00b1 5 \u00b0C. \u00dcST SINIRI YUKARI TA\u015eIYAN KAYNAKLAR: ROVALMA ve ABRAMS 1000-1040 \u00b0C \u00b7 D\u00f6rrenberg ve Sa\u011flam Metal 1000-1050 \u00b0C \u00b7 BGH 1010-1050 \u00b0C \u00b7 Virgamet 980-1050 \u00b0C. AYRI\u015eAN ALT BANT: Aobo Steel 995-1025 \u00b0C \u00b7 AZoM 1010 \u00b0C. Journal of Materials Processing Technology&#8217;de yay\u0131mlanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, H11&#8217;de EN Y\u00dcKSEK k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu (KIc) ve sertli\u011fi 1020 \u00b0C \u00f6stenitlemede \u00f6l\u00e7er. ORTALAMA ALINMAMI\u015eTIR.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER s\u0131cakl\u0131k dengelendikten sonra 15-30 dakika \u00b7 ROVALMA 30 dakika \u00b7 AZoM, SteelPRO ve Tech Steel 15-40 dakika \u00b7 Carpenter 20 dakika + her 25 mm i\u00e7in 5 dakika. Tek bir say\u0131sal s\u00fcre d\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakta do\u011frulanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 s\u00fcre yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">HAVA \u00b7 YA\u011e \u00b7 TUZ BANYOSU (500-550 \u00b0C) \u00b7 VAKUM \/ BASIN\u00c7LI GAZ. B\u00d6HLER: ya\u011f, 500-550 \u00b0C tuz banyosu, hava, vakum \u00b7 D\u00f6rrenberg ve Sa\u011flam Metal: ya\u011f, bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 gaz (N2), hava, s\u0131cak banyo \u00b7 BGH: en az 5 bar azot, ya\u011f, polimer, tuz banyosu \u00b7 Lucefin: ya\u011f, polimer, 450-500 \u00b0C tuz banyosu \u00b7 ABRAMS: hava, ya\u011f, 500-550 \u00b0C s\u0131cak banyo \u00b7 ROVALMA: ya\u011f, 500 \u00b0C tuz banyosu, hava \u00b7 Carpenter: hava veya ya\u011f. SU \u0130LE SU VERME YASAKTIR (Aobo Steel a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yasaklar). SO\u011eUTMA HIZI \u015eARTI: NADCA #207, 1030 \u00b0C ile 540 \u00b0C aras\u0131nda EN AZ 28 \u00b0C\/dakika (50 \u00b0F\/dakika) so\u011futma h\u0131z\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015far.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Su verilmi\u015f (temperlenmemi\u015f) sertlik 54-56 HRC band\u0131ndad\u0131r ve kaynaklar tam \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmez: Lucefin 50 \u00b0C temperde 54 HRC \u00f6l\u00e7er (yani su verilmi\u015f sertlik bunun hemen \u00fcst\u00fcndedir) \u00b7 Stahlwerk Augustfehn 54,2 HRC \u00b7 Aobo Steel yakla\u015f\u0131k 56 HRC \u00b7 Shahnaz 54 HRC. B\u00d6HLER \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flenmi\u015f teslim i\u00e7in 40-55 HRC band\u0131 verir. TEK SAYI YAZILMAMI\u015eTIR. Bu durumda malzeme gevrektir ve TEMPERLENMEDEN KULLANILMAZ.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">6 \u00b7 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 TEMPERLEME \u2014 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eME Z\u0130RVES\u0130N\u0130N \u00dcZER\u0130NDE<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">6 \u00b7 B\u0130R\u0130NC\u0130 TEMPERLEME \u2014 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eME Z\u0130RVES\u0130N\u0130N \u00dcZER\u0130NDE<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Su vermeden HEMEN SONRA yap\u0131l\u0131r. S\u0131cakl\u0131k, ikincil sertle\u015fme zirvesinin \u00dcZER\u0130NDEN se\u00e7ilir; zirvenin alt\u0131 se\u00e7ilmez.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER kural\u0131: birinci temperleme AZAM\u0130 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTL\u0130\u011e\u0130N yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 \u00b0C \u00dcZER\u0130NDE. NADCA #207: birinci temper en az 565 \u00b0C ve en az 2 saat. Aircraft Materials (havac\u0131l\u0131k H-11): 538 \u00b0C&#8217;nin (1000 \u00b0F) ALTINDA OLMAMAK \u00dcZERE. Aobo Steel: en iyi tokluk i\u00e7in 510 \u00b0C&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde. \u00dcretici band\u0131 olarak D\u00f6rrenberg ve Sa\u011flam Metal 500-550 \u00b0C, Stahlwerk Augustfehn 540-560 \u00b0C, Virgamet 450-550 \u00b0C verir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER: f\u0131r\u0131nda her 20 mm par\u00e7a kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 1 saat, ANCAK EN AZ 2 SAAT \u00b7 ROVALMA: her milimetre kal\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7in 2,5 dakika, en az 1 saat \u00b7 NADCA #207: her 25,4 mm i\u00e7in 1 saat, en az 2 saat \u00b7 Stauberstahl: 2 saat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">HAVADA ODA SICAKLI\u011eINA. Bu so\u011fuma s\u0131ras\u0131nda kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenit yeni (temperlenmemi\u015f) martenzite d\u00f6ner; ikinci temperlemenin sebebi budur.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Temperleme tablosuna bak\u0131n\u0131z. Birinci temper sonras\u0131 sertlik, ikinci temperden sonraki nihai sertli\u011fin \u00fczerindedir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">7 \u00b7 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 TEMPERLEME (ZORUNLU) ve \u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dc TEMPERLEME (\u00d6NER\u0130LEN)<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">7 \u00b7 \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 TEMPERLEME (ZORUNLU) ve \u00dc\u00c7\u00dcNC\u00dc TEMPERLEME (\u00d6NER\u0130LEN)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">\u00d6zet<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130 TEMPERLEME SE\u00c7ENEK DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. Birinci temperden sonraki so\u011fumada olu\u015fan yeni martenzit ancak ikinci temperde temperlenir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">B\u00d6HLER: ikinci temperleme \u0130STENEN \u00c7ALI\u015eMA SERTL\u0130\u011e\u0130NE g\u00f6re se\u00e7ilir; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc temperleme gerilim giderme amac\u0131yla, en y\u00fcksek temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 30-50 \u00b0C (86-122 \u00b0F) ALTINDA yap\u0131labilir. Aircraft Materials havac\u0131l\u0131k H-11 i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 temperi de 538 \u00b0C&#8217;nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmeden verir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">S\u00fcre<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Her temperde B\u00d6HLER kural\u0131 ge\u00e7erlidir (20 mm ba\u015f\u0131na 1 saat, en az 2 saat). Aircraft Materials \u00fc\u00e7 temperin her biri i\u00e7in 2-3 saat verir. Stauberstahl &#8216;2 kez, her biri 2 saat&#8217; der. ROVALMA 2-3 \u00e7evrim verir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">So\u011futma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">HER TEMPERDEN SONRA HAVADA ODA SICAKLI\u011eINA TAM SO\u011eUTMA. Uddeholm: &#8216;Tak\u0131m \u00e7elikleri her zaman en az \u00e7ift temperlenmelidir; ikinci temperleme, birinci temperlemeden sonraki so\u011fuma s\u0131ras\u0131nda yeni olu\u015fan martenziti i\u015fler.&#8217;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7 sertlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u00c7ALI\u015eMA SERTL\u0130\u011e\u0130: ABRAMS 50-54 HRC \u00b7 Sa\u011flam Metal 46-54 HRC (1000-1050 \u00b0C \u00f6stenitleme + 500-550 \u00b0C temperleme ile en \u00e7ok 52-54 HRC) \u00b7 B\u00d6HLER \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flenmi\u015f teslim 40-55 HRC \u00b7 Marks: s\u0131cak i\u015f i\u00e7in 44-47 HRC, plastik kal\u0131b\u0131 i\u00e7in 48-53 HRC \u00b7 Stauberstahl hedef 53-54 HRC \u00b7 Stahlwerk Augustfehn 540-560 \u00b0C temperde yakla\u015f\u0131k 52 HRC.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">Temperleme tablosu<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Tablo temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sertlik ili\u015fkisini g\u00f6sterir ve HER SATIR KAYNAK ADIYLA verilmi\u015ftir. Lucefin ve Akrostal sat\u0131rlar\u0131 1020 \u00b0C&#8217;den YA\u011eA verilmi\u015f numunede \u00d6L\u00c7\u00dcLM\u00dc\u015e e\u011frilerdir. TABLONUN OKUNU\u015eU: sertlik 200-300 \u00b0C&#8217;de yakla\u015f\u0131k 52 HRC&#8217;ye iner, sonra YEN\u0130DEN Y\u00dcKSEL\u0130R ve 450-510 \u00b0C aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 56 HRC ile Z\u0130RVE yapar; 550 \u00b0C&#8217;den sonra h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu tablo bir sipari\u015f \u015fartnamesi de\u011fildir; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fi, zirvenin SA\u011eINDAK\u0130 d\u00fc\u015fen koldan se\u00e7ilir.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eME Z\u0130RVES\u0130 \u2014 450-510 \u00b0C civar\u0131nda<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eME Z\u0130RVES\u0130 \u2014 450-510 \u00b0C civar\u0131nda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Mekanizma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Zirvenin iki kayna\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. (a) \u0130NCE DA\u011eILMI\u015e ALA\u015eIM KARB\u00dcR\u00dc \u00c7\u00d6KELMES\u0130: Materials (MDPI, 2025) dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan H13 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, 520 \u00b0C&#8217;lik tek temperlemede Mo2C ve VC karb\u00fcrlerinin &#8216;ince da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f&#8217; halde \u00e7\u00f6keldi\u011fini ve &#8216;dispersiyon sertle\u015fmesi etkisi&#8217; verdi\u011fini, 580 \u00b0C&#8217;de ise bu karb\u00fcrlerin irile\u015ferek Cr7C3 ve Fe3M3C fazlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7er \u2014 irile\u015fme sertli\u011fin d\u00fc\u015fen kolunu a\u00e7\u0131klar. (b) KALINTI \u00d6STEN\u0130T\u0130N D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcM\u00dc: Uddeholm, temperlemeden sonraki so\u011fumada kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenitin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde YEN\u0130 (temperlenmemi\u015f) martenzite d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve &#8216;\u00e7\u00f6kelmi\u015f ikincil karb\u00fcrler ile yeni olu\u015fan martenzitin y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta temperleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda sertli\u011fi art\u0131rabilece\u011fini; buna ikincil sertle\u015fme denildi\u011fini&#8217; yazar.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ne olur<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fckseltildi\u011finde sertlik \u00f6nce 200-250 \u00b0C civar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 52 HRC&#8217;ye iner, sonra YEN\u0130DEN Y\u00dcKSEL\u0130R ve 450-510 \u00b0C aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 56 HRC ile zirve yapar. Zirveden sonra sertlik h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015fer: 600 \u00b0C&#8217;de 46 HRC, 650 \u00b0C&#8217;de 39 HRC.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Kayna\u011f\u0131n adland\u0131rmas\u0131yla<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Lucefin (1020 \u00b0C ya\u011f, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f e\u011fri): 250 \u00b0C&#8217;de 52 HRC, 350 \u00b0C&#8217;de 53,5 HRC, 450 \u00b0C&#8217;de 55,5 HRC, 510 \u00b0C&#8217;de 56 HRC \u2014 Z\u0130RVE. Akrostal (1020 \u00b0C ya\u011f): 350 \u00b0C&#8217;de 53,5 HRC, 400 \u00b0C&#8217;de 54,5 HRC, 450 \u00b0C&#8217;de 55,5 HRC, 500 \u00b0C&#8217;de 56 HRC \u2014 Z\u0130RVE. Stauberstahl: 400 \u00b0C&#8217;de 55 \u00b1 1 HRC, 450 \u00b0C&#8217;de 56 \u00b1 1 HRC, 500 \u00b0C&#8217;de 56 \u00b1 1 HRC \u2014 Z\u0130RVE. Virgamet: 450 \u00b0C&#8217;de 55,9-56,2 HRC, 500 \u00b0C&#8217;de 56,3 HRC \u2014 Z\u0130RVE. Materials (MDPI, 2025), H13 i\u00e7in 520 \u00b0C&#8217;yi &#8216;H13 \u00e7eli\u011fi i\u00e7in tipik bir ikincil sertle\u015fme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8217; olarak verir ve 520 \u00b0C tek temperde 590,83 HV \u00f6l\u00e7er.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Kar\u015f\u0131t kan\u0131t<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Schmolz + Bickenbach&#8217;\u0131n Thermodur 2343 EFS veri sayfas\u0131 400 \u00b0C&#8217;de 54 HRC, 500 \u00b0C&#8217;de 52 HRC, 550 \u00b0C&#8217;de 52 HRC verir; yani bu tabloda 450-510 \u00b0C zirvesi G\u00d6R\u00dcNMEZ. Bu ayr\u0131\u015fma kayda al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve zirve say\u0131s\u0131 bu kaynaktan al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zirvenin y\u00fcksekli\u011fi \u00f6stenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na, kesite ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm noktas\u0131na duyarl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Neden<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u0130ki sebep. (1) KALINTI \u00d6STEN\u0130T D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015eMEZ: zirvenin alt\u0131nda temperlenen par\u00e7ada kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenitin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc oldu\u011fu gibi kal\u0131r; par\u00e7a gevrek kal\u0131r ve boyutu serviste oynar. (2) TAKIM SERV\u0130STE KEND\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130NDEN SERTLE\u015e\u0130R VE SONRA YUMU\u015eAR: y\u00fczeyi 500 \u00b0C&#8217;ye \u00e7\u0131kan bir kal\u0131p, 400 \u00b0C&#8217;de temperlenmi\u015fse serviste zirve s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7er; \u00f6nce sertle\u015fir, sonra yumu\u015far \u2014 yani sertlik ve boyut serviste de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu y\u00fczden \u00c7ALI\u015eMA SERTL\u0130\u011e\u0130 Z\u0130RVEN\u0130N SA\u011eINDAK\u0130 D\u00dc\u015eEN KOLDAN SE\u00c7\u0130L\u0130R. \u015eart koyan kaynaklar: B\u00d6HLER (birinci temperleme azami ikincil sertli\u011fin yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 \u00b0C \u00fczerinde) \u00b7 NADCA #207 (birinci temper en az 565 \u00b0C, en az 2 saat) \u00b7 Aircraft Materials (havac\u0131l\u0131k H-11 i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 temperin hi\u00e7biri 538 \u00b0C&#8217;nin alt\u0131nda olmayacak) \u00b7 Aobo Steel (en iyi tokluk i\u00e7in 510 \u00b0C \u00fczerinde).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:10px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:6px 0 6px;\">\u00c7\u0130FT TEMPERLEME NEDEN ZORUNLUDUR \u2014 KALINTI \u00d6STEN\u0130T\u0130N D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcM\u00dc<\/div>\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Ad\u0131m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u00c7\u0130FT TEMPERLEME NEDEN ZORUNLUDUR \u2014 KALINTI \u00d6STEN\u0130T\u0130N D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcM\u00dc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Sonu\u00e7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Tek temperleme H11 i\u00e7in KABUL ED\u0130LMEZ. Havac\u0131l\u0131k H-11&#8217;inde ve bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm kal\u0131plar\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 temperleme standart uygulamad\u0131r. Her temperden sonra par\u00e7a ODA SICAKLI\u011eINA KADAR so\u011futulur; iki temper aras\u0131nda par\u00e7an\u0131n s\u0131cak b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 ikinci temperin amac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Mekanizma<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">Su verme sonras\u0131 yap\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 martenzit de\u011fildir; bir miktar \u00f6stenit d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeden kal\u0131r (kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenit). Birinci temperleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda bu kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenit karars\u0131zla\u015f\u0131r ve TEMPERLEMEDEN SONRAK\u0130 SO\u011eUMADA yeni martenzite d\u00f6ner. Bu taze martenzit TEMPERLENMEM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R: serttir, gevrektir ve i\u00e7 gerilme ta\u015f\u0131r. \u0130kinci temperleme bu yeni martenziti temperler. Tek temperle b\u0131rak\u0131lan par\u00e7a, temperlenmemi\u015f martenzit i\u00e7erdi\u011fi i\u00e7in gevrektir ve boyutu karars\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:34%;vertical-align:top;\">Kayna\u011f\u0131n adland\u0131rmas\u0131yla<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:6px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">Uddeholm (voestalpine), &#8216;Heat Treatment of Uddeholm Tool Steels&#8217;: &#8216;Tak\u0131m \u00e7elikleri her zaman en az \u00e7ift temperlenmelidir. \u0130kinci temperleme, birinci temperlemeden sonraki so\u011fuma s\u0131ras\u0131nda yeni olu\u015fan martenziti i\u015fler.&#8217; Ayn\u0131 kitap\u00e7\u0131k \u00dc\u00c7 temperi &#8216;y\u00fcksek karbonlu y\u00fcksek h\u0131z \u00e7elikleri&#8217; ve &#8216;karma\u015f\u0131k s\u0131cak i\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm kal\u0131plar\u0131&#8217; i\u00e7in \u00f6nerir. B\u00d6HLER W300 ISOBLOC ve W300 ISODISC: &#8216;en az iki kez temperlemek \u00f6nerilir&#8217;; birinci temper azami ikincil sertli\u011fin yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 \u00b0C \u00fczerinde, ikinci temper istenen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fine, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc temper gerilim giderme i\u00e7in. Carpenter Technology (CarTech No. 882 \/ H11): &#8216;\u00d6zellikle s\u00fcnekli\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olanlar olmak \u00fczere en iyi mekanik \u00f6zellikleri elde etmek i\u00e7in \u00c7\u0130FT VE HATTA \u00dc\u00c7L\u00dc TEMPERLEME \u00f6nerilir.&#8217; NADCA #207: &#8216;Bitirme i\u015flemlerinden \u00f6nce EN AZ \u0130K\u0130 temperleme \u00e7evrimi gereklidir.&#8217; Lucefin: &#8216;iki temperleme \u00f6nerilir.&#8217; ROVALMA: sertle\u015ftirmeden hemen sonra 2-3 temperleme \u00e7evrimi. Stauberstahl ve Grimm: &#8216;2 kez, her biri 2 saat.&#8217; Aircraft Materials (havac\u0131l\u0131k H-11 \/ DYNAFLEX VAC-ARC): &#8216;538 \u00b0C&#8217;nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemek \u00fczere \u00dc\u00c7 KEZ, her biri 2-3 saat, havada so\u011futma.&#8217; Materials (MDPI, 2025): \u00e7ift temperleme &#8216;kal\u0131nt\u0131 \u00f6stenitin tam d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flar&#8217; ve tek temperle ula\u015f\u0131lamayan tokluk seviyesini verir (bedeli sertlikte %1,7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\u015eema \u015fematiktir; zaman ekseni \u00d6L\u00c7EKL\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. D\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakta say\u0131sal olarak do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f bir TTT\/CCT e\u011frisi kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u011fri \u00e7izilmemi\u015ftir. BU ALA\u015eIM %5 KROMLU SICAK \u0130\u015e TAKIM \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130D\u0130R: \u00f6stenitleme + hava\/ya\u011f\/tuz banyosu ile sertle\u015ftirme + \u00c7\u0130FT, tercihen \u00dc\u00c7L\u00dc TEMPERLEME ile sertle\u015fir. \u00c7\u00d6KELME SERTLE\u015eMEZ; H900 \/ H1025 \/ H1150 benzeri bir YA\u015eLANDIRMA KADEMES\u0130 YOKTUR. Temperleme e\u011frisinde \u0130K\u0130NC\u0130L SERTLE\u015eME Z\u0130RVES\u0130 vard\u0131r; a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki temperleme tablosuna ve ikincil sertle\u015fme kutusuna bak\u0131n\u0131z. Yedi kademe ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu bir \u00c7EVR\u0130M \u015eEMASIDIR, TTT\/CCT e\u011frisi de\u011fildir. Zaman ekseni \u00f6l\u00e7ekli de\u011fildir. H11 \u00c7\u00d6KELME SERTLE\u015eMEZ. &#8216;Ya\u015fland\u0131rma&#8217;, &#8216;H900&#8217;, &#8216;\u00e7\u00f6zelti tav\u0131&#8217; terimleri bu ala\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in GE\u00c7ERS\u0130ZD\u0130R. Sertle\u015fme yolu \u00f6stenitleme + su verme + \u00e7oklu temperlemedir. TEK TEMPERLEME KABUL ED\u0130LMEZ. \u00c7ift temperleme asgari \u015fart, \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc temperleme havac\u0131l\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm uygulamalar\u0131nda standartt\u0131r. Temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ikincil sertle\u015fme zirvesinin ALTINDAN se\u00e7ilmez; \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fi zirvenin sa\u011f\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015fen koldan al\u0131n\u0131r. Temperleme tablosundaki say\u0131lar \u00d810 mm mertebesinde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck numunelerde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kal\u0131n kesitli kal\u0131p bloklar\u0131nda merkez so\u011fuma h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer ve AYNI temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 DAHA D\u00dc\u015e\u00dcK sertlik verir. Su verme h\u0131z\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 (NADCA #207: 1030-540 \u00b0C aras\u0131nda en az 28 \u00b0C\/dakika) bir tokluk \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r, sertlik \u015fart\u0131 de\u011fildir; yava\u015f so\u011futma tane s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 karb\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi ve perlit \u00fcreterek Charpy de\u011ferini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-isil --><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11 sat\u0131n almak i\u015fin kolay k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> Bu \u00e7eli\u011fin t\u00fcm karakteri \u2014 sertli\u011fi, toklu\u011fu, boyut kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama direnci \u2014 <b>\u00f6n tav, ostenitleme, su verme h\u0131z\u0131 ve \u00c7\u0130FT (hatta \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc) temperleme<\/b> zincirinde belirlenir. <b>Ve bu zincirin en \u00e7ok atlanan halkas\u0131 temperleme say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Is\u0131l \u0130\u015flem S\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00b7 H11 \/ 1.2343<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>S\u0131cak \u015fekillendirme (d\u00f6vme)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>~1121 \u00b0C&#8217;de d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcr; 899 \u00b0C alt\u0131nda d\u00f6vmeye devam edilmez.<\/b> <b>D\u00f6vme sonras\u0131 tav zorunludur<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Yumu\u015fatma tav\u0131 \u2014 KAYNAKLAR AYRI\u015eIYOR [D]<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>B\u00f6hler: 750\u2013800 \u00b0C<\/b>, 6\u20138 saat, f\u0131r\u0131nda 10\u201320 \u00b0C\/saat ile 600 \u00b0C&#8217;ye, sonra havada. <b>Uddeholm: 850 \u00b0C<\/b>, f\u0131r\u0131nda 10 \u00b0C\/saat ile 650 \u00b0C&#8217;ye, sonra havada. <b>Bir Avrupa yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131: 800\u2013810 \u00b0C<\/b>, 20\u201325 \u00b0C\/saat ile 600 \u00b0C&#8217;ye. <b>ABD kaynaklar\u0131: 871 \u00b0C<\/b>, saatte 4,4 \u00b0C ile f\u0131r\u0131n so\u011futmas\u0131. <b>Ortalama almay\u0131n.<\/b> Sonu\u00e7 kriteri ortakt\u0131r: <b>tavl\u0131 sertlik \u2264229 HB<\/b> (premium\/NADCA s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda tavan <b>235 HBW<\/b> mertebesindedir)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Gerilim giderme \u2014 \u0130K\u0130 FARKLI \u0130\u015eLEM, KARI\u015eTIRILIYOR [D]<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>(a) Sertle\u015ftirme \u00d6NCES\u0130, kaba i\u015fleme sonras\u0131:<\/b> bir kaynak <b>350 \u00b0C<\/b>, bir di\u011feri <b>600\u2013670 \u00b0C \/ 2\u20136 saat<\/b>, bir di\u011feri <b>650 \u00b0C \/ 2 saat<\/b> verir. <b>(b) Sertle\u015ftirme SONRASI, ta\u015flama\/EDM sonras\u0131:<\/b> son temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <b>28\u201342 \u00b0C ALTINDA<\/b>. <b>Bu ikisi ayn\u0131 i\u015flem de\u011fildir ve ikisini kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak sertle\u015fmi\u015f bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 yumu\u015fat\u0131r.<\/b> Hangi a\u015famada oldu\u011funuzu yaz\u0131n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>\u00d6n \u0131s\u0131tma (sertle\u015ftirme \u00f6ncesi)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Kademeli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> Yay\u0131mlanan uygulamalar: <b>600\u2013850 \u00b0C<\/b> aras\u0131nda bir veya iki kademe; bir \u00fcretici <b>600\u2013650 \u00b0C ve 820\u2013900 \u00b0C<\/b> olmak \u00fczere iki kademe \u00f6nerir; bir ABD kayna\u011f\u0131 tek kademe <b>816 \u00b0C<\/b> verir. <b>Ama\u00e7, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131 iletkenli\u011fine (~25 W\/m\u00b7K) sahip bir \u00e7elikte \u0131s\u0131l gerilmeyi ve \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemektir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Ostenitleme (\u00e7\u00f6zelti \/ sertle\u015ftirme)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1000 \u2013 1030 \u00b0C<\/b> (B\u00f6hler) \u00b7 <b>990 \u2013 1010 \u00b0C<\/b> (Uddeholm Vidar 1, tipik 990\u20131000) \u00b7 <b>980 \u2013 1000 \u00b0C<\/b> (Vidar Superior) \u00b7 <b>1000 \u2013 1040 \u00b0C<\/b> ya\u011fda (bir Avrupa yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131) \u00b7 <b>982 \u2013 1038 \u00b0C<\/b> ve <b>1010 \u00b0C<\/b> (ABD kaynaklar\u0131). <b>Bekleme 15\u201345 dakika.<\/b> <b>Ortak nokta: 1000 \u00b0C civar\u0131.<\/b> <b>Y\u00fcksek u\u00e7ta sertlik ve s\u0131cak dayan\u0131m artar, tane irile\u015fir ve TOKLUK D\u00dc\u015eER<\/b> \u2014 H11&#8217;de bu takas bilin\u00e7li yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Dekarb\u00fcrizasyon<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>1000 \u00b0C&#8217;de koruyucu atmosfer veya vakum ZORUNLUDUR.<\/b> Y\u00fczeyin karbonsuzla\u015fmas\u0131, kal\u0131p y\u00fczeyinde <b>yumu\u015fak ve \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamaya a\u00e7\u0131k bir tabaka<\/b> b\u0131rak\u0131r \u2014 ve bu tabaka tam olarak \u0131s\u0131l yorulman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerdir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Su verme (quenching)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>H11 HAVA SERTLE\u015eMEL\u0130D\u0130R<\/b> \u2014 ve bu, kal\u0131p \u00e7eli\u011fi olmas\u0131n\u0131n temel sebebidir: b\u00fcy\u00fck bloklar \u00e7arp\u0131lmadan sertle\u015fir. Uygulanabilir yollar: <b>y\u00fcksek h\u0131zl\u0131 gaz (vakum f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131), ya\u011f, tuz banyosu veya hava<\/b>. <b>Martemperleme banyolar\u0131: 500\u2013550 \u00b0C veya 180\u2013220 \u00b0C.<\/b> <b>Ama hava sertle\u015fmeli olmak, YAVA\u015e so\u011futma serbesttir demek de\u011fildir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Su verme HIZI \u2014 en \u00e7ok g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilen de\u011fi\u015fken<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>So\u011fuma \u00e7ok yava\u015fsa, tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda karb\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6kelir ve TOKLUK \u00c7\u00d6KER.<\/b> Sertlik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc bunu g\u00f6stermez \u2014 par\u00e7a sertlik testinden ge\u00e7er ve serviste k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <b>Enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda asgari so\u011fuma h\u0131z\u0131 \u015fart\u0131 tam olarak bu y\u00fczden vard\u0131r.<\/b> <b>Pratik kural: m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en h\u0131zl\u0131 so\u011futma, kabul edilebilir distorsiyonla birlikte<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Temperlemeye ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Par\u00e7a 50\u201370 \u00b0C&#8217;ye indi\u011finde HEMEN temperlemeye al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/b> Su verilmi\u015f H11, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda beklemeye b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rsa <b>kendili\u011finden \u00e7atlar<\/b>. <b>Bu, H11&#8217;de en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ve en kolay \u00f6nlenen hasard\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">\u00c7ift \u2014 hatta \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u2014 temperleme: neden pazarl\u0131k konusu de\u011fil<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11, su verildikten sonra kayda de\u011fer miktarda KALINTI OSTEN\u0130T ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/b> %5 krom, %1,3 molibden ve %0,4 karbon, M<sub>s<\/sub>\/M<sub>f<\/sub> s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yeterince d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr; su verme bitti\u011finde yap\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 ostenittir.<br \/><b>Birinci temperleme iki i\u015f yapar:<\/b> mevcut martensiti temperler <b>ve<\/b> kal\u0131nt\u0131 osteniti <b>karars\u0131z h\u00e2le getirir<\/b>. Temperlemeden so\u011furken o ostenit <b>taze, temperlenmemi\u015f martensite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr<\/b>. <b>Yani birinci temperlemenin sonunda par\u00e7an\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7inde, hi\u00e7 temperlenmemi\u015f, gevrek, sert martensit vard\u0131r.<\/b><br \/><b>\u0130kinci temperleme tam olarak o taze martensiti temperler.<\/b> Bu y\u00fczden <b>\u201ciki kez temperleyin\u201d bir tavsiye de\u011fil, metalurjik bir zorunluluktur<\/b> ve her iki \u00e7evrim aras\u0131nda <b>par\u00e7a oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar so\u011futulmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/b> \u2014 aksi h\u00e2lde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tamamlanmaz.<br \/><b>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc temperleme ne zaman gerekir?<\/b> <b>Havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal kullan\u0131m\u0131nda standartt\u0131r:<\/b> yay\u0131mlanan rota <b>1010 \u00b0C&#8217;de 15\u201345 dakika ostenitleme, havada so\u011futma, ard\u0131ndan 538 \u00b0C&#8217;den (1000 \u00b0F) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmayan bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta 2\u20133 saatlik \u00dc\u00c7 temperleme ve havada so\u011futma<\/b>. A\u011f\u0131r kesitlerde, y\u00fcksek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011finde ve kritik par\u00e7alarda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc \u00e7evrim <b>kalan kal\u0131nt\u0131 ostenit i\u00e7in bir emniyet pay\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>.<br \/><b>Her temperleme \u00e7evrimi en az 2 saat tutulur<\/b> ve s\u00fcre kesit kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re uzat\u0131l\u0131r \u2014 <b>f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa gelmesi de\u011fil, PAR\u00c7ANIN s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa gelmesi say\u0131l\u0131r<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">\u0130kincil sertle\u015fme piki \u2014 ve kaynaklar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 nokta<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11 temperlendik\u00e7e monoton olarak yumu\u015famaz.<\/b> D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta martensit temperlenir ve sertlik biraz d\u00fc\u015fer; ard\u0131ndan <b>molibden ve vanadyumun ince karb\u00fcrleri \u00e7\u00f6kelmeye ba\u015flar<\/b> ve <b>sertlik YEN\u0130DEN Y\u00dcKSEL\u0130R<\/b>. Bu, ikincil sertle\u015fme (secondary hardening) olarak bilinir ve H11&#8217;in s\u0131cak i\u015f \u00e7eli\u011fi olmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebidir.<br \/><b>Pikin nerede oldu\u011fu konusunda yay\u0131mlanan veriler ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131yor [D]:<\/b><br \/><b>Bir Avrupa yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tablosu<\/b> (1020 \u00b0C&#8217;den ya\u011f, \u00f820 mm numune): <b>200 \u00b0C \u2192 52 HRC (1880 MPa)<\/b>, <b>300 \u00b0C \u2192 52,5 HRC (1915 MPa)<\/b>, <b>400 \u00b0C \u2192 54,5 HRC (2040 MPa)<\/b>, <b>550 \u00b0C \u2192 46 HRC (1520 MPa)<\/b>, <b>650 \u00b0C \u2192 30 HRC (950 MPa)<\/b> \u2014 bu tabloya g\u00f6re pik <b>~400 \u00b0C<\/b> civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<br \/><b>Bir \u00fcreticinin temperleme grafi\u011fi<\/b> ise 200 \u00b0C&#8217;de ~53, 400 \u00b0C&#8217;de ~51, 600 \u00b0C&#8217;de ~47 ve 650 \u00b0C&#8217;de ~45 HRC g\u00f6sterir \u2014 yani <b>\u00e7ok daha yayvan bir e\u011fri ve 600 \u00b0C&#8217;de belirgin bi\u00e7imde daha y\u00fcksek sertlik<\/b>.<br \/><b>Bu fark\u0131 yok saymay\u0131n; a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 ostenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> Daha y\u00fcksek ostenitlemede matriste daha fazla krom, molibden ve vanadyum \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr ve ikincil sertle\u015fme piki hem <b>y\u00fckselir<\/b> hem <b>daha y\u00fcksek temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kayar<\/b>. <b>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u201cH11&#8217;in temperleme e\u011frisi\u201d diye tek bir e\u011fri yoktur.<\/b> <b>Yay\u0131mlarken daima ostenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, numune \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7evrim say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 da yaz\u0131n<\/b> \u2014 aksi h\u00e2lde tablo kullan\u0131lamaz.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Temperleme Band\u0131 Se\u00e7imi \u00b7 Pratik Rehber<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Tokluk i\u00e7in KA\u00c7INILACAK bant<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>425 \u2013 550 \u00b0C.<\/b> Bir \u00fcretici bu band\u0131 tokluk i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a <b>ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken<\/b> aral\u0131k olarak i\u015faretler. <b>Tam da bu band\u0131n ikincil sertle\u015fme b\u00f6lgesiyle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir:<\/b> en y\u00fcksek sertli\u011fi veren bant, en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck toklu\u011fu da verir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Al\u00fcminyum enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Tipik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011fi <b>46 \u2013 50 HRC<\/b> mertebesinde tutulur \u2014 <i>tek kaynakl\u0131, kal\u0131p boyutuna ve d\u00f6k\u00fcm ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Bak\u0131r ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck: <b>41 \u2013 46 HRC<\/b> \u2014 <i>tek kaynakl\u0131<\/i>. Daha y\u00fcksek d\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, daha \u015fiddetli termal \u015fok demektir ve tokluk lehine sertlikten feragat edilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal (AMS 6487)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Temperleme \u2265538 \u00b0C (1000 \u00b0F), \u00fc\u00e7 kez, 2\u20133 saat.<\/b> Hedef, en y\u00fcksek sertlik de\u011fil <b>260 ksi civar\u0131nda dayan\u0131m + kabul edilebilir tokluk<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>A\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken kural<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Servis s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, se\u00e7ilen temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda kalmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> Bu tek c\u00fcmle, H11&#8217;in t\u00fcm s\u0131cakl\u0131k tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Boyut De\u011fi\u015fimi ve Distorsiyon<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u0130\u015fleme pay\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Boy, en ve kal\u0131nl\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn %0,2&#8217;si kadar pay b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir<\/b> \u2014 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve \u0131s\u0131l gerilmelerin yarataca\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Hava sertle\u015fmesinin avantaj\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>H11&#8217;in kal\u0131p \u00e7eli\u011fi olmas\u0131n\u0131n tek en \u00f6nemli sebebi budur.<\/b> Ya\u011fda veya suda su verilen bir \u00e7elikte b\u00fcy\u00fck bir blok ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak \u00e7arp\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00e7atlar; H11 havada sertle\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in <b>b\u00fcy\u00fck kesitler kabul edilebilir distorsiyonla sertle\u015fir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Kal\u0131nt\u0131 ostenitin boyut etkisi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Ostenit \u2192 martensit d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc HAC\u0130M ARTI\u015eIDIR.<\/b> Eksik temperlenmi\u015f bir par\u00e7ada bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm serviste ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir ve <b>kal\u0131p \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc kendili\u011finden b\u00fcy\u00fcr<\/b>. <b>\u00c7ift\/\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc temperleme bir boyut kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedbiridir de<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Son ta\u015flama ne zaman<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>T\u00fcm temperleme \u00e7evrimleri bittikten SONRA.<\/b> Ara bir \u00e7evrim kalm\u0131\u015fsa, ta\u015flanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc sonraki \u00e7evrimde ka\u00e7ar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Dengeli i\u015fleme<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">B\u00fcy\u00fck bir bloktan asimetrik bo\u015faltma yapmak, \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemde asimetrik distorsiyon \u00fcretir. <b>Kaba i\u015fleme sonras\u0131 gerilim giderme, hassas kal\u0131pta pazarl\u0131k konusu de\u011fildir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b7\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Premium U\u00e7ak Kalitesi H11 (AMS 6487) \u2014 H11&#8217;in Az Bilinen \u0130kinci Hayat\u0131<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;i bir tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi san\u0131p ge\u00e7mek, bu \u00e7eli\u011fin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/b> Ayn\u0131 kimya, <b>vakum ergitilmi\u015f ve karbon band\u0131 daralt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u00e2lde<\/b>, havac\u0131l\u0131k ve savunma sanayiinde <b>ultra y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 yap\u0131sal \u00e7elik<\/b> olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r \u2014 4340, 300M ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/maraging-250\/\">maraging 250<\/a> ile ayn\u0131 rafta.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Neden H11 Bir Yap\u0131sal \u00c7elik Olarak Kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Dayan\u0131m seviyesi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">\u00dcretici ifadesi: <b>260.000 psi (1793 MPa) \u00fczerinde dayan\u0131m<\/b>. Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f tipik boyuna de\u011ferler: <b>Rm 1793 MPa (260 ksi) \u00b7 Rp0,2 1482 MPa (215 ksi) \u00b7 Uzama %8 \u00b7 Kesit daralmas\u0131 %30<\/b>. Bir kaynak, <b>~275 ksi (1896 MPa) seviyesinde bile s\u00fcneklik ve toklu\u011fun korundu\u011funu<\/b> bildirir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Yumu\u015famaya diren\u00e7<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>538 \u00b0C&#8217;ye (1000 \u00b0F) kadar yumu\u015famaya direnir.<\/b> <b>Bu, 4340 ve 300M&#8217;nin yapamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015feydir:<\/b> o \u00e7elikler \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda temperlenir ve \u0131s\u0131nan bir yap\u0131da dayan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 kaybederler. <b>Aerodinamik \u0131s\u0131nma, motor yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya fren \u0131s\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6ren bir yap\u0131sal par\u00e7ada H11 ger\u00e7ek bir avantajd\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>S\u00fcr\u00fcnme ve kopma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Carpenter: <b>427\u2013649 \u00b0C (800\u20131200 \u00b0F) aras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek s\u00fcr\u00fcnme ve kopma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b>. <b>Bir yap\u0131sal \u00e7elik i\u00e7in ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir iddiad\u0131r<\/b> ve do\u011frudan ikincil sertle\u015fme karb\u00fcrlerinden gelir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Hava sertle\u015fmesi = d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck distorsiyon<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">A\u011f\u0131r bir ini\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 d\u00f6vmesinde <b>havada sertle\u015fme, ya\u011fda su vermenin \u00e7arp\u0131lma ve \u00e7atlama riskini ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r<\/b>. B\u00fcy\u00fck, karma\u015f\u0131k, kal\u0131n kesitli yap\u0131sal d\u00f6vmelerde bu tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir se\u00e7im gerek\u00e7esidir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Kullan\u0131m alanlar\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u0130ni\u015f tak\u0131m\u0131 bile\u015fenleri<\/b>, <b>u\u00e7ak ve f\u00fcze yap\u0131sal par\u00e7alar\u0131<\/b>, y\u00fcksek dayan\u0131ml\u0131 havac\u0131l\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131 elemanlar\u0131, roket motoru g\u00f6vde par\u00e7alar\u0131. <b>Ayr\u0131ca toklu\u011fun a\u015f\u0131nma direncinden \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu SO\u011eUK i\u015f uygulamalar\u0131na da uyarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Onaylar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Bir Amerikan fabrikas\u0131 H11&#8217;i <b>AOD + VAR<\/b> rotas\u0131yla \u00fcretir ve <b>AMS 6485 \/ 6487 \/ 6488<\/b> ile <b>EMS-642<\/b> (Allied Signal \/ Garrett) \u015fartnamelerine ve <b>Pratt &amp; Whitney ile Bombardier onaylar\u0131na<\/b> at\u0131f yapar. <i>(AMS 6485 ve 6488&#8217;in iptal edildi\u011fini unutmay\u0131n \u2014 bu liste tarihsel kapsam\u0131 g\u00f6sterir)<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Neden herkes kullanm\u0131yor?<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u00dc\u00e7 sebep.<\/b> <b>(1) Fiyat:<\/b> VAR ergitme ve \u00fc\u00e7 temperleme \u00e7evrimi pahal\u0131d\u0131r. <b>(2) S\u00fcneklik:<\/b> %8 uzama ve %30 kesit daralmas\u0131, 4340&#8217;\u0131n \u0131slah edilmi\u015f h\u00e2line g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr \u2014 <b>hasar tolerans\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131nda bu bir k\u0131s\u0131tt\u0131r<\/b>. <b>(3) Hidrojen hassasiyeti:<\/b> 1793 MPa s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 her \u00e7elik gibi H11 de <b>hidrojen gevrekle\u015fmesine a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r<\/b> ve kaplama sonras\u0131 f\u0131r\u0131nlama zorunludur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b8\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Mekanik De\u011ferler<\/h4>\n<p><!-- dm-diy-sert --><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #e3e9ec;margin:22px 0 26px;background:#fff;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#12303f;color:#fff;padding:9px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.3px;position:relative;z-index:2;\">MUKAVEMET DE\u011eERLER\u0130<\/div>\n<div style=\"position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<div style=\"padding:12px 10px 0;\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 740 410\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;display:block;\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" role=\"img\"><rect x=\"16\" y=\"6\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"34\" y=\"16\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Akma (MPa)<\/text><rect x=\"146\" y=\"6\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"164\" y=\"16\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">\u00c7ekme (MPa)<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"44\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Yumu\u015fak tavl\u0131 (+A) teslim durumu<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"50\" width=\"271.4\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"294.4\" y=\"62\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">770<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"90\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">\u00c7ift temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 52 HRC (2 saat, 550 \u00b0C)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"96\" width=\"630.9\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"653.9\" y=\"108\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1790<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"136\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 52 HRC (ESR kalite, 300 K)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"142\" width=\"652.0\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"675.0\" y=\"154\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1850<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"160\" width=\"553.3\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"576.3\" y=\"172\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1570<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"200\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 48 HRC (2 saat, 600 \u00b0C)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"206\" width=\"553.3\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"576.3\" y=\"218\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1570<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"246\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 yakla\u015f\u0131k 46 HRC (ESU\/ESR kalite)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"252\" width=\"528.6\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"551.6\" y=\"264\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1500<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"270\" width=\"447.6\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"470.6\" y=\"282\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1270<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"310\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 31 HRC (2 saat, 700 \u00b0C)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"316\" width=\"422.9\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"445.9\" y=\"328\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1200<\/text><text x=\"16\" y=\"356\" font-size=\"12.5\" font-weight=\"bold\" fill=\"#12303f\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">HAVACILIK H-11 (vakumda yeniden ergitilmi\u015f, boyuna numune)<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"362\" width=\"631.9\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#7fa8bd\"\/><text x=\"654.9\" y=\"374\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1793<\/text><rect x=\"16\" y=\"380\" width=\"522.3\" height=\"15\" fill=\"#12303f\"\/><text x=\"545.3\" y=\"392\" font-size=\"11.5\" fill=\"#5b7180\" font-family=\"Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif\">1482<\/text><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:12px 12px 2px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13.5px;min-width:430px;background:transparent;\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Ko\u015ful<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Sertlik<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Akma MPa<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">\u00c7ekme MPa<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;font-size:12px;color:#12303f;background:#F2F6F8;border:1px solid #eceff1;\">Uzama<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Yumu\u015fak tavl\u0131 (+A) teslim durumu<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">en \u00e7ok 229 HBW (B\u00d6HLER, D\u00f6rrenberg, Lucefin, Stauberstahl, BGH, ABRAMS, Virgamet). AYRI\u015eAN: Carpenter en \u00e7ok 241 HB<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">yakla\u015f\u0131k 770 (ABRAMS, tek kaynak)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Su verilmi\u015f, temperlenmemi\u015f (1020 \u00b0C ya\u011f)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">54-56 HRC (Lucefin 54 \u00b7 Stahlwerk Augustfehn 54,2 \u00b7 Shahnaz 54 \u00b7 Aobo Steel yakla\u015f\u0131k 56)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">\u00c7ift temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 52 HRC (2 saat, 550 \u00b0C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">52 HRC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1790<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 52 HRC (ESR kalite, 300 K)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">52 HRC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">1570<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">1850<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%10,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 48 HRC (2 saat, 600 \u00b0C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">48 HRC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1570<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 yakla\u015f\u0131k 46 HRC (ESU\/ESR kalite)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">yakla\u015f\u0131k 46 HRC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">yakla\u015f\u0131k 1270<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">yakla\u015f\u0131k 1500<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">%13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 44 HRC (darbe)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">44 HRC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Temperlenmi\u015f \u00b7 31 HRC (2 saat, 700 \u00b0C)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">31 HRC<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">1200<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">HAVACILIK H-11 (vakumda yeniden ergitilmi\u015f, boyuna numune)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1482<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">1793<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">%8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">NADCA #207 kabul kriteri (bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcm kal\u0131b\u0131)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(247,250,251,.78);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);font-weight:700;color:#12303f;\">Fiziksel sabitler<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 9px;border:1px solid #eceff1;background:rgba(255,255,255,.72);color:#3d5260;\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding:6px 14px 12px;font-size:12px;color:#5b7180;line-height:1.7;border-top:1px solid #f0f3f5;position:relative;z-index:2;\">BU TABLODA \u015eARTNAME M\u0130N\u0130MUMU YOKTUR. ASTM A681 ve EN ISO 4957 tak\u0131m \u00e7elikleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ekme\/akma minimumu vermez; ikisi de kimya ve tavl\u0131 sertlik tavan\u0131 \u00fczerinden \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. AMS 6487 ve 6437 metinleri \u00fccretlidir ve mekanik minimumlar\u0131 d\u00f6rt ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z kaynakta do\u011frulanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (atlananlar listesine bak\u0131n\u0131z). Tablodaki b\u00fct\u00fcn say\u0131lar \u00dcRET\u0130C\u0130 T\u0130P\u0130K DE\u011eER\u0130D\u0130R ve kaynak ad\u0131yla verilmi\u015ftir. Sertlik ile mukavemet AYNI KAYNAK \u0130\u00c7\u0130NDE e\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir; farkl\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n sertlik ve mukavemet say\u0131lar\u0131 yan yana KONMAMI\u015eTIR. Sertlik y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015fer. Marks 46 HRC&#8217;de KIc yakla\u015f\u0131k 75 MPa\u00b7m^0,5 verir; Thermodur 44 HRC&#8217;de \u00e7entikli Charpy 13,6-16,3 J verir. Kal\u0131p sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131rken sertlik tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli bir kabul kriteri de\u011fildir; NADCA #207 bu y\u00fczden Charpy \u015fart\u0131 koyar. Havac\u0131l\u0131k H-11 sat\u0131r\u0131 ile tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi sat\u0131rlar\u0131 KAR\u015eILA\u015eTIRILAMAZ: havac\u0131l\u0131k sat\u0131r\u0131 vakumda yeniden ergitilmi\u015f malzemeye ve AMS \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemine aittir.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-diy-sert --><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;de tek bir mekanik \u00f6zellik tablosu yay\u0131mlamak yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/b> \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ayn\u0131 \u00e7elik, se\u00e7ilen temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re <b>30 HRC ile 55 HRC aras\u0131nda herhangi bir yerde<\/b> olabilir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki de\u011ferlerin hangi \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem h\u00e2line ait oldu\u011fu her sat\u0131rda yaz\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Sertlik ve Dayan\u0131m \u00b7 H11 \/ 1.2343<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Tavl\u0131 (tedarik h\u00e2li)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u2264229 HB<\/b> (Avrupa yay\u0131nc\u0131s\u0131). Premium\/NADCA s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131nda tavan <b>235 HBW<\/b> mertebesinde verilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Su verilmi\u015f, temperlenmemi\u015f<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>1010 \u00b0C&#8217;den havada so\u011futma sonras\u0131 56 HRC.<\/b> Ostenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re <b>52,5 \u2013 57 HRC<\/b> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Temperleme sonras\u0131 bant<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>538 \u2013 649 \u00b0C (1000\u20131200 \u00b0F) temperleme ile 54 \u2192 38 HRC.<\/b> <b>Bu, H11&#8217;in kullan\u0131m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131d\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Temperleme tablosu (1020 \u00b0C&#8217;den ya\u011f, \u00f820)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>200 \u00b0C \u2192 52 HRC \/ 1880 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 <b>300 \u00b0C \u2192 52,5 HRC \/ 1915 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 <b>400 \u00b0C \u2192 54,5 HRC \/ 2040 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 <b>550 \u00b0C \u2192 46 HRC \/ 1520 MPa<\/b> \u00b7 <b>650 \u00b0C \u2192 30 HRC \/ 950 MPa<\/b>. <b>[Tek kaynakl\u0131; bir \u00fcreticinin grafi\u011fi daha yayvan bir e\u011fri g\u00f6sterir \u2014 ikincil sertle\u015fme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n]<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>48 HRC&#8217;de \u00e7ekme \u00f6zellikleri<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Rm 1620 MPa \u00b7 Rp 1380 MPa<\/b> (\u00fcretici verisi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal h\u00e2l (VAR, boyuna)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Rm 1793 MPa (260 ksi) \u00b7 Rp0,2 1482 MPa (215 ksi) \u00b7 Uzama %8 \u00b7 Kesit daralmas\u0131 %30<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>600 \u00b0C s\u0131cak akma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>600 MPa<\/b> (48 HRC&#8217;ye temperlenmi\u015f malzeme, \u00fcretici verisi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Elastisite mod\u00fcl\u00fc<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>20 \u00b0C: 210.000 MPa<\/b> \u2192 <b>400 \u00b0C: 180.000 MPa<\/b> \u2192 <b>600 \u00b0C: 140.000 MPa<\/b>. <i>[D] Bir ba\u015fka \u00fcretici oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in <b>215 GPa<\/b>, iki ABD kayna\u011f\u0131 <b>207 GPa<\/b> verir. <b>Fark k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr; 207\u2013215 GPa band\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n<\/b>]<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Tokluk \u2014 Kaynaklar Ciddi Bi\u00e7imde Ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131yor [D]<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Klasik H11 (ABD kaynaklar\u0131)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Charpy V-\u00e7entik 13,6 \u2013 33,9 J<\/b>, temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re. <b>370 \u00b0C temperlemede 33,9 J (25 ft-lb)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Modifiye H11 (Vidar Superior tipi)<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Charpy V \u2248 80 \u2013 100 J.<\/b> \u00dcretici bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a <b>\u201c1.2343 tipi malzemeye k\u0131yasla darbe toklu\u011funda kayda de\u011fer iyile\u015fme\u201d<\/b> diye tan\u0131mlar ve <b>silisyumu %1,0&#8217;dan %0,3&#8217;e indirerek<\/b> elde eder<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Bu fark\u0131n anlam\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u00dc\u00e7 il\u00e2 yedi kat.<\/b> <b>Bu, ayn\u0131 ASTM kalitesi i\u00e7inde iki ayr\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn demektir.<\/b> Bir kal\u0131p tokluk yetersizli\u011finden k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yorsa, <b>H13&#8217;ten H11&#8217;e ge\u00e7mek yerine MOD\u0130F\u0130YE bir H11&#8217;e ge\u00e7mek daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kazan\u00e7 sa\u011flayabilir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Toklu\u011fun sertlikle ili\u015fkisi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Ayn\u0131 \u00e7elikte sertlik y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e tokluk d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/b> Bir \u00fcretici, iyile\u015ftirilmi\u015f toklu\u011fun <b>tokluk kayb\u0131 olmadan 2 HRC daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011finde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya<\/b> izin verdi\u011fini ve bunun <b>\u0131s\u0131l yorulma \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunu s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/b> bildirir \u2014 <b>tokluk ile \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama direnci aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6steren en net ifade budur<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Yay\u0131mlarken<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Tek bir Charpy de\u011feri yay\u0131mlamay\u0131n.<\/b> \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011fi (V-\u00e7entik), sertli\u011fi, temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, numune y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc (boyuna\/enine) ve kalite s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131n. <b>Bunlar olmadan bir tokluk rakam\u0131 bilgi de\u011fil, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcd\u00fcr<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b9\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Fiziksel \u00d6zellikler<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;in fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinde iki rakam ticari olarak belirleyicidir:<\/b> <b>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131 iletkenli\u011fi<\/b> (yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 W\/m\u00b7K \u2014 karbon \u00e7eli\u011finin yar\u0131s\u0131ndan az) ve <b>g\u00f6rece y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131l genle\u015fme<\/b>. Bu ikisi birlikte, \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlaman\u0131n neden s\u0131cak i\u015f kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131n birinci numaral\u0131 hasar mekanizmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klar.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Fiziksel \u00d6zellikler \u00b7 H11 \/ 1.2343<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Yo\u011funluk<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>7,8 g\/cm\u00b3<\/b> (20 \u00b0C). S\u0131cakl\u0131kla: <b>400 \u00b0C&#8217;de 7,70<\/b> \u00b7 <b>600 \u00b0C&#8217;de 7,60 g\/cm\u00b3<\/b>. <i>ABD kaynaklar\u0131 7,81 g\/cm\u00b3 verir \u2014 fiilen ayn\u0131<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Elastisite mod\u00fcl\u00fc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>210 GPa<\/b> (20 \u00b0C) \u2192 <b>180 GPa<\/b> (400 \u00b0C) \u2192 <b>140 GPa<\/b> (600 \u00b0C). <i>[D] Bir \u00fcretici 20 \u00b0C i\u00e7in 215 GPa, iki ABD kayna\u011f\u0131 207 GPa verir<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Is\u0131 iletkenli\u011fi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u224825 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b> (20 \u00b0C) \u2192 <b>29 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b> (400 \u00b0C) \u2192 <b>30 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b> (600 \u00b0C). <b>[D] \u00d6NEML\u0130 \u00c7EL\u0130\u015eK\u0130:<\/b> bir ABD ikincil kayna\u011f\u0131 100 \u00b0C i\u00e7in <b>42,2 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b> veriyor. <b>Bu de\u011fer, iki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Avrupa \u00fcreticisinin yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 24,9\u201325 W\/m\u00b7K ile uyumsuzdur ve ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fer gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. 25 W\/m\u00b7K band\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Ortalama \u0131s\u0131l genle\u015fme<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>11,5 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076 \/K<\/b> (20\u2013100 \u00b0C) \u2192 <b>12,6 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076<\/b> (400 \u00b0C&#8217;ye) \u2192 <b>13,2 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076<\/b> (600\u2013700 \u00b0C&#8217;ye). <i>Bir ABD kayna\u011f\u0131 20\u2013100 \u00b0C i\u00e7in 11,9 \u00d7 10\u207b\u2076 verir \u2014 bant i\u00e7indedir<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">\u00d6zg\u00fcl \u0131s\u0131<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u2248460 J\/kg\u00b7K<\/b> (0,46 kJ\/kg\u00b7K, 20 \u00b0C)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Elektriksel \u00f6zdiren\u00e7<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>\u22480,52 \u03a9\u00b7mm\u00b2\/m<\/b> (52 \u00b5\u03a9\u00b7cm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Ergime noktas\u0131<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u22481427 \u00b0C (2600 \u00b0F)<\/b> \u2014 <i>tek kaynakl\u0131; bir aral\u0131k de\u011fil tek bir de\u011fer olarak verilmektedir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla likid\u00fcs\/solid\u00fcs ayr\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Manyetik davran\u0131\u015f<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Ferromanyetiktir.<\/b> Manyetik par\u00e7ac\u0131k muayenesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ve havac\u0131l\u0131k taraf\u0131nda standartt\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Neden bu iki rakam \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131 iletkenli\u011fi<\/b>, kal\u0131p y\u00fczeyinin her \u00e7evrimde \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p so\u011fumas\u0131, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6vdenin so\u011fuk kalmas\u0131 demektir \u2014 yani <b>y\u00fczey ile g\u00f6vde aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131<\/b>. <b>Y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131l genle\u015fme<\/b>, o s\u0131cakl\u0131k fark\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir genle\u015fme fark\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi demektir. Sonu\u00e7, y\u00fczeyde her \u00e7evrimde tekrarlanan <b>basma\u2013\u00e7ekme gerilme \u00e7evrimi<\/b>dir. <b>Is\u0131l \u00e7atlama budur ve bir malzeme kusuru de\u011fil, fizikten gelen bir ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131kt\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b10\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Termal Yorulma (Is\u0131l \u00c7atlama) Direnci<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>S\u0131cak i\u015f kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131n birinci numaral\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm sebebi a\u015f\u0131nma de\u011fil, \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamad\u0131r (heat checking).<\/b> Y\u00fczeyde \u00f6nce g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bir ince \u00e7atlak a\u011f\u0131 belirir; her \u00e7evrimde biraz derinle\u015fir; sonunda d\u00f6k\u00fcm par\u00e7an\u0131n y\u00fczeyine kopya olur ve kal\u0131p hurdaya ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Is\u0131l \u00c7atlama \u00b7 Mekanizma ve H11&#8217;in Yeri<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Mekanizma<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Her \u00e7evrimde kal\u0131p y\u00fczeyi h\u0131zla \u0131s\u0131n\u0131r; genle\u015fmek ister ama so\u011fuk g\u00f6vde taraf\u0131ndan tutulur \u2192 <b>y\u00fczeyde basma gerilmesi ve plastik akma<\/b>. Sonra y\u00fczey h\u0131zla so\u011fur; b\u00fcz\u00fclmek ister ama art\u0131k plastik olarak deforme olmu\u015ftur \u2192 <b>y\u00fczeyde \u00c7EKME art\u0131k gerilmesi<\/b>. <b>\u00c7evrim ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u00e7ekme\u2013basma d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc; on binlerce \u00e7evrimde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7evrimli \u0131s\u0131l yorulma<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>H11&#8217;in \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn geldi\u011fi yer<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vanadyum \u2192 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck karb\u00fcr hacim oran\u0131 \u2192 daha az \u00e7atlak ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve daha y\u00fcksek k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu.<\/b> \u00c7atlak hem <b>daha ge\u00e7 ba\u015flar<\/b> hem <b>daha yava\u015f ilerler<\/b>. <b>Klasik tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi prati\u011fi, su ile so\u011futulan ve \u015fiddetli termal \u015fok g\u00f6ren kal\u0131plarda bu y\u00fczden H11&#8217;i tercih eder<\/b> \u2014 bir ABD kayna\u011f\u0131 H11 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a <i>\u201cserviste su so\u011futmas\u0131na izin verir\u201d<\/i> der<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u2014 d\u00fcr\u00fcst\u00e7e<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Baz\u0131 g\u00fcncel ticari kaynaklar, <b>H13&#8217;\u00fcn daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak sertli\u011fi sayesinde y\u00fczeyin plastik akmas\u0131na daha diren\u00e7li oldu\u011funu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla termal yorulmada \u00fcst\u00fcn oldu\u011funu<\/b> yazar. <b>Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada iki kaliteyi ayn\u0131 d\u00fczenekte \u00f6l\u00e7en hakemli tek bir veri seti bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ki iddiay\u0131 da yay\u0131mlay\u0131n, birini se\u00e7ip di\u011ferini gizlemeyin<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Tokluk \u2194 \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama ba\u011f\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Say\u0131sal bir kan\u0131t var:<\/b> bir \u00fcretici, iyile\u015ftirilmi\u015f tokluk sayesinde tak\u0131m\u0131n <b>tokluk kayb\u0131 olmadan 2 HRC daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011finde<\/b> kullan\u0131labildi\u011fini ve bunun <b>\u0131s\u0131l yorulma \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunu s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/b> bildirir. <b>Yani tokluk kazanc\u0131, do\u011frudan daha y\u00fcksek sertlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilme ve daha iyi \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama direnci olarak nakde \u00e7evriliyor<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Malzemeden \u00d6NCE yap\u0131lacaklar<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1. Kal\u0131p \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131.<\/b> So\u011fuk bir kal\u0131ba s\u0131cak metal basmak, ilk \u00e7evrimlerde en \u015fiddetli termal \u015foku \u00fcretir. <b>2. So\u011futma kanal\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131.<\/b> Kanal y\u00fczeye \u00e7ok yak\u0131nsa gradyan\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcr. <b>3. Y\u00fczey kalitesi.<\/b> EDM sonras\u0131 beyaz tabaka, ta\u015flama izleri ve k\u00f6\u015fe keskinli\u011fi \u00e7atlak ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. <b>4. Dekarb\u00fcrizasyon kontrol\u00fc.<\/b> Yumu\u015fak y\u00fczey tabakas\u0131 \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamay\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r. <b>Bunlar d\u00fczeltilmeden kalite de\u011fi\u015ftirmek para kayb\u0131d\u0131r<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Y\u00fczey i\u015flemleri<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\">Nitr\u00fcrleme, a\u015f\u0131nma ve yap\u0131\u015fma direncini art\u0131r\u0131r <b>ama sert ve gevrek bir y\u00fczey tabakas\u0131 yarat\u0131r<\/b>; \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan etkisi <b>tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r ve uygulamaya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>. <b>Nitr\u00fcrlemenin \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamay\u0131 iyile\u015ftirdi\u011fine dair genel bir iddia yay\u0131mlamay\u0131n<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b11\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Kaynak \u2014 \u00d6zellikle Tamir Kayna\u011f\u0131<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11 kaynaklanabilir, ama kaynak burada bir imalat y\u00f6ntemi de\u011fil, bir TAM\u0130R y\u00f6ntemidir.<\/b> Sertle\u015fmi\u015f bir kal\u0131b\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgesini doldurmak, k\u0131r\u0131lan bir k\u00f6\u015feyi onarmak, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f bir yuvay\u0131 geri kazanmak. Ve <b>yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir tamir kayna\u011f\u0131, kal\u0131b\u0131 tamamen bitirir<\/b>.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Tamir Kayna\u011f\u0131 Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc \u00b7 H11 \/ H13 s\u0131cak i\u015f \u00e7elikleri<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1. Haz\u0131rl\u0131k<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u00c7atlak TAMAMEN ta\u015flanarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/b> Yar\u0131m b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir \u00e7atlak, kaynak alt\u0131nda ilerlemeye devam eder. Birle\u015fim <b>en az iki paso alacak \u015fekilde<\/b> a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fczey ya\u011fdan, d\u00f6k\u00fcmden kalan al\u00fcminyumdan ve oksitten ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>2. \u00d6n tav \u2014 ZORUNLUDUR<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>327 \u2013 371 \u00b0C (620\u2013700 \u00b0F)<\/b> (bir ABD kayna\u011f\u0131). <b>Bir Avrupa \u00fcreticisi asgari 325 \u00b0C<\/b> verir \u2014 <b>iki kaynak birbirini do\u011fruluyor<\/b>. Tor\u00e7, f\u0131r\u0131n veya \u0131s\u0131tma battaniyesi ile <b>t\u00fcm par\u00e7ada homojen<\/b> sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r; yerel \u00f6n tav yeni gerilme yarat\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>3. Pasolar aras\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131k<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Azami 477 \u00b0C (890 \u00b0F).<\/b> Bu tavan\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmak, par\u00e7ay\u0131 istenmeyen bir temperleme \u00e7evrimine sokar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>4. Dolgu metali<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Kritik b\u00f6lgelerde: ana metalin kimyas\u0131na ve sertli\u011fine e\u015fle\u015fen sarf.<\/b> <b>Kritik olmayan b\u00f6lgelerde:<\/b> daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dayan\u0131ml\u0131, daha s\u00fcnek <b>nikelli paslanmaz tel<\/b> kullan\u0131labilir \u2014 <b>ama o b\u00f6lge bir daha asla ana metal sertli\u011fine getirilemez<\/b>. <b>TIG telinin kaynak \u00f6ncesi hafif z\u0131mparayla temizlenmesi gerekir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>5. Sarf malzemesi saklama<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc elektrot paketleri <b>49\u2013149 \u00b0C (120\u2013300 \u00b0F) aras\u0131nda kurutma dolab\u0131nda<\/b> saklanmal\u0131d\u0131r. <b>Hidrojen, sertle\u015febilir bir \u00e7elikte gecikmeli \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131n birincil sebebidir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>6. Kaynak sonras\u0131 so\u011futma<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>\u00c7ok yava\u015f: saatte 19\u201328 \u00b0C (35\u201350 \u00b0F).<\/b> H\u0131zl\u0131 so\u011futma, kaynak metalinde ve ITAB&#8217;da temperlenmemi\u015f martensit b\u0131rak\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>7. Kaynak sonras\u0131 temperleme \u2014 KR\u0130T\u0130K KURAL<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Par\u00e7a, \u00f6nceki temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 28\u201342 \u00b0C (50\u201375 \u00b0F) ALTINDA bir s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r, 2 saat tutulur, 427 \u00b0C&#8217;ye (800 \u00b0F) yava\u015f so\u011futulur, sonra havada so\u011futulur.<\/b> <b>\u00d6nceki temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ASLA a\u015f\u0131lmaz<\/b> \u2014 a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda kal\u0131b\u0131n tamam\u0131 yumu\u015far<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>\u00d6n tavs\u0131z kaynak<\/b> (an\u0131nda \u00e7atlak) \u00b7 <b>kaynak sonras\u0131 temperlemenin atlanmas\u0131<\/b> (gecikmeli \u00e7atlak, g\u00fcnler sonra) \u00b7 <b>\u00f6nceki temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131<\/b> (kal\u0131b\u0131n tamam\u0131 yumu\u015far) \u00b7 <b>paso ba\u015f\u0131na a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 girdisi<\/b> (geni\u015f ITAB, b\u00fcy\u00fck distorsiyon)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b12\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Tala\u015fl\u0131 \u0130malat ve EDM<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11 tavl\u0131 h\u00e2lde iyi i\u015flenir<\/b> \u2014 yay\u0131mlanan i\u015flenebilirlik <b>%1 karbonlu \u00e7eli\u011fin %75\u201380&#8217;i<\/b>. Sert h\u00e2lde (46\u201352 HRC) ise <b>sert tornalama\/frezeleme veya ta\u015flama ve EDM<\/b> devreye girer. <b>Ve EDM, H11&#8217;de en \u00e7ok hasar \u00fcreten bitirme y\u00f6ntemidir.<\/b><\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">Tala\u015fl\u0131 \u0130malat \u00b7 Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Parametreleri<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>\u0130\u015flenecek h\u00e2l<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Tavl\u0131 (\u2264229 HB).<\/b> Kaba i\u015fleme daima \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemden \u00f6nce; kaba i\u015fleme sonras\u0131 <b>gerilim giderme<\/b> yap\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">\u0130\u015flenebilirlik<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>%1 C&#8217;li \u00e7eli\u011fin %75\u201380&#8217;i.<\/b> <b>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vanadyum sayesinde H13&#8217;ten bir miktar naziktir<\/b>, ama fark pratikte k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Tornalama (karb\u00fcr, tavl\u0131 h\u00e2l)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Kaba: 200\u2013250 m\/dak<\/b> \u00b7 <b>Fini\u015f: 250\u2013300 m\/dak<\/b> (\u00fcretici verisi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\">Delme (HSS)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>16\u201318 m\/dak<\/b> (\u00fcretici verisi)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Sert i\u015fleme (46\u201352 HRC)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">CBN veya kaplamal\u0131 seramik\/karb\u00fcr, <b>negatif geometri<\/b>, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck tala\u015f derinli\u011fi, rijit ba\u011flama. <b>Yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f say\u0131sal sert i\u015fleme parametresi bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bulunamad\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Cilalanabilirlik<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Tedarik h\u00e2linde \u201ciyi\u201d<\/b> (\u00fcretici). <b>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u00fck\u00fcrtl\u00fc ve homojen bir kalite, foto-da\u011flama (photo-etching) ve y\u00fczey dokuland\u0131rma i\u00e7in \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr<\/b> \u2014 plastik enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131nda bu, malzeme se\u00e7im sebebidir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\">Ta\u015flama<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>T\u00fcm temperleme \u00e7evrimleri bittikten sonra.<\/b> A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ta\u015flama, y\u00fczeyde <b>\u00e7ekme art\u0131k gerilmesi ve ta\u015flama yan\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/b> b\u0131rak\u0131r \u2014 \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlamay\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">EDM ve Beyaz Tabaka (Recast Layer) \u2014 Atlanmamas\u0131 Gereken Ad\u0131m<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Ne olu\u015fur<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">EDM, malzemeyi yerel olarak <b>ergitip yeniden kat\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak<\/b> keser. Geride kalan y\u00fczey tabakas\u0131: <b>yeniden ergimi\u015f ve dielektrikten karbon kapm\u0131\u015f, su verilmi\u015f, TEMPERLENMEM\u0130\u015e martensit<\/b> \u2014 literat\u00fcrde <b>beyaz tabaka (white layer \/ recast layer)<\/b> denir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Neden tehlikeli<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>\u00c7ok sert, \u00e7ok gevrek ve \u00c7EKME art\u0131k gerilmesi alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/b> \u00dcstelik alt\u0131nda <b>a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 temperlenmi\u015f, yumu\u015fam\u0131\u015f bir ikinci tabaka<\/b> vard\u0131r. <b>Bu ikili, \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r<\/b> \u2014 ve kal\u0131p servise girdikten sonra ilk \u00e7atlaklar tam olarak EDM y\u00fczeylerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Do\u011fru yol \u2014 iki ad\u0131m, ikisi de zorunlu<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>(1) Beyaz tabakay\u0131 MEKAN\u0130K olarak kald\u0131r\u0131n<\/b> \u2014 ta\u015flama, ta\u015flama ta\u015f\u0131, kumlama veya hafif bir fini\u015f EDM paso serisi + sonras\u0131nda mekanik temizlik. <b>(2) Par\u00e7ay\u0131 YEN\u0130DEN TEMPERLEY\u0130N<\/b> \u2014 son temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n biraz alt\u0131nda. <b>\u00dcretici ifadesi nettir: EDM sonras\u0131 recast tabakan\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 VE yeniden temperleme gerekir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>S\u0131k yap\u0131lan hata<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Sadece birini yapmak.<\/b> Beyaz tabakay\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131p yeniden temperlemeyi atlamak, alt\u0131ndaki \u0131s\u0131 tesiri alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f b\u00f6lgeyi temperlenmemi\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131r. Yeniden temperleyip beyaz tabakay\u0131 b\u0131rakmak ise gevrek tabakay\u0131 yerinde tutar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Yeniden temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Son temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda kalmak zorunludur<\/b> \u2014 aksi h\u00e2lde kal\u0131b\u0131n tamam\u0131 yumu\u015far. Bu, tamir kayna\u011f\u0131ndaki kural\u0131n ayn\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b13\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">Korozyon ve NEREDE BA\u015eARISIZ<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>H11&#8217;in %5 kromu, insanlar\u0131n en \u00e7ok yan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> Paslanmazl\u0131k e\u015fi\u011fi <b>~%10,5 Cr<\/b>&#8216;dir; H11 bunun yar\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. <b>H11 paslanmaz de\u011fildir, korozyona diren\u00e7li de\u011fildir ve paslan\u0131r.<\/b> Krom orada <b>sertle\u015febilirlik ve s\u0131cak dayan\u0131m<\/b> i\u00e7in vard\u0131r, korozyon i\u00e7in de\u011fil.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border:1px solid #d7dfe4;background:#ffffff;margin:24px 0 18px;position:relative;overflow:hidden;\">\n<div style=\"background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 12px;line-height:1.35;\">H11 Nerede Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z Olur<\/div>\n<p><span aria-hidden=\"true\" data-dmwm=\"1\" style=\"position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(-18deg);font-size:72px;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#12303f;opacity:.05;white-space:nowrap;pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:3;\">DEFENCE METAL<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:15px;line-height:1.5;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Korozyon \u2014 hi\u00e7 yok<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>%5 Cr pasif film olu\u015fturmaz.<\/b> Nemli depolamada, su so\u011futma kanallar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde ve tuzlu ortamda H11 paslan\u0131r. <b>Su so\u011futmal\u0131 bir kal\u0131pta kanal i\u00e7i korozyonu ger\u00e7ek bir hasar mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r<\/b> \u2014 ve <b>korozyon \u00e7ukuru, \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama i\u00e7in bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>. <b>Su kimyas\u0131 ve kanal temizli\u011fi, malzeme se\u00e7iminden daha \u00f6nemli olabilir<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>A\u015f\u0131nma direnci \u2014 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Vanadyum %0,30\u20130,60, H13&#8217;\u00fcn %0,80\u20131,20&#8217;sinin yakla\u015f\u0131k yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b> MC tipi vanadyum karb\u00fcrleri daha az oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in <b>abrazif ve eroziv a\u015f\u0131nma direnci H13&#8217;\u00fcn alt\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/b>. <b>Kal\u0131p a\u015f\u0131narak \u00f6l\u00fcyorsa H11 yanl\u0131\u015f tercihtir<\/b> \u2014 H13&#8217;e, y\u00fczey i\u015flemine veya kaplamaya gidin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>600 \u00b0C \u00fczeri \u2014 h\u0131zl\u0131 yumu\u015fama<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\">Yay\u0131mlanan tablo: <b>550 \u00b0C temperlemede 46 HRC, 650 \u00b0C&#8217;de 30 HRC.<\/b> <b>Y\u00fcz derecede on alt\u0131 HRC.<\/b> <b>H11 bir y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fildir<\/b> ve 600 \u00b0C \u00fczerinde s\u00fcrekli y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yan bir uygulamada aranacak malzeme <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/hastelloy-x\/\">Hastelloy X<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/inconel-718\/\">ala\u015f\u0131m 718<\/a> veya <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/waspaloy\/\">Waspaloy<\/a> s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Servis s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 > temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Mutlak kural ve en s\u0131k ihlal edilen kural.<\/b> Par\u00e7a serviste kendini temperler; sertlik d\u00fc\u015fer, boyut de\u011fi\u015fir, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yoktur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Hidrojen gevrekle\u015fmesi<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>1793 MPa s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndaki yap\u0131sal H11&#8217;de ger\u00e7ek bir risktir.<\/b> Asitle temizleme, elektrolitik kaplama ve katodik koruma hidrojen y\u00fckler. <b>Kaplama sonras\u0131 hidrojen giderme f\u0131r\u0131nlamas\u0131 havac\u0131l\u0131k \u015fartnamelerinde zorunludur<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Su verme sonras\u0131 bekletme<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>50\u201370 \u00b0C&#8217;ye inmi\u015f bir H11 par\u00e7as\u0131 temperlenmeden b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rsa kendili\u011finden \u00e7atlar.<\/b> Bu bir malzeme kusuru de\u011fil, bir <b>at\u00f6lye disiplini<\/b> sorunudur \u2014 ve H11&#8217;de en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen hasard\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Yava\u015f su verme<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;background:#F7FAFB;\"><b>Sertlik testinden ge\u00e7er, serviste k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/b> Yava\u015f so\u011futma tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda karb\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6keltir ve toklu\u011fu bitirir; sertlik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc bunu g\u00f6stermez. <b>Sertli\u011fi kabul kriteri sanan her at\u00f6lye bu tuza\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fer<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;width:42%;\"><b>Tek temperleme<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:7px 12px;border-top:1px solid #eceff1;\"><b>Bir kez temperlenmi\u015f H11, i\u00e7inde temperlenmemi\u015f martensit ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/b> Gevrektir ve boyut karars\u0131zd\u0131r. <b>\u00c7ift temperleme bir tavsiye de\u011fil, zorunluluktur<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"dm-b14\" style=\"font-size:19px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;margin:30px 0 10px;line-height:1.35;\">S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">Kal\u0131b\u0131m\u0131z \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama a\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6l\u00fcyor. H13&#8217;ten H11&#8217;e ge\u00e7meli miyiz?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce d\u00f6rt \u015feyi kontrol edin; \u00e7o\u011fu vakada sorun malzeme de\u011fildir.<\/b><br \/><b>1. Kal\u0131p \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor mu?<\/b> So\u011fuk kal\u0131ba s\u0131cak metal basmak, sahada g\u00f6r\u00fclen en \u015fiddetli termal \u015foku \u00fcretir ve ilk y\u00fcz \u00e7evrimde \u00f6mr\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 yakar. <b>2. EDM y\u00fczeylerindeki beyaz tabaka kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 m\u0131 ve par\u00e7a yeniden temperlendi mi?<\/b> Bu ad\u0131m atlanm\u0131\u015fsa, kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n y\u00fczeyinde <b>temperlenmemi\u015f, gevrek, \u00e7ekme gerilmesi alt\u0131ndaki bir martensit tabakas\u0131<\/b> vard\u0131r ve ilk \u00e7atlaklar oradan ba\u015flar. <b>3. Su verme yeterince h\u0131zl\u0131 m\u0131yd\u0131?<\/b> Yava\u015f so\u011futulmu\u015f bir blok sertlik testinden ge\u00e7er ama toklu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr \u2014 ve tokluk, \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama direncinin kendisidir. <b>4. Dekarb\u00fcrizasyon var m\u0131?<\/b> Koruyucu atmosfersiz \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem, y\u00fczeyde yumu\u015fak bir tabaka b\u0131rak\u0131r; \u0131s\u0131l yorulma tam orada ba\u015flar.<br \/><b>D\u00f6rd\u00fc de temizse, malzeme tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 anlaml\u0131 h\u00e2le gelir.<\/b> <b>Klasik tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi prati\u011fi H11&#8217;i i\u015faret eder:<\/b> vanadyum yar\u0131ya indi\u011finde karb\u00fcr hacim oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer, k\u0131r\u0131lma toklu\u011fu y\u00fckselir, \u00e7atlak hem daha ge\u00e7 ba\u015flar hem daha yava\u015f ilerler. <b>Ama d\u00fcr\u00fcst olal\u0131m:<\/b> baz\u0131 g\u00fcncel ticari kaynaklar tam tersini, H13&#8217;\u00fcn daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cak sertli\u011fi sayesinde \u00fcst\u00fcn oldu\u011funu savunuyor ve <b>iki kaliteyi ayn\u0131 d\u00fczenekte \u00f6l\u00e7en hakemli bir veri seti bulamad\u0131k<\/b>.<br \/><b>Bizim \u00f6nerimiz farkl\u0131 bir y\u00f6n:<\/b> H13&#8217;ten klasik H11&#8217;e ge\u00e7mek yerine <b>MOD\u0130F\u0130YE bir H11&#8217;e<\/b> bak\u0131n. Silisyumu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, VAR\/ESR ile ergitilmi\u015f, premium s\u0131n\u0131f bir 1.2343 t\u00fcrevi, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda <b>80\u2013100 J Charpy V<\/b> verebiliyor \u2014 klasik H11 i\u00e7in yay\u0131mlanan <b>13,6\u201333,9 J<\/b> band\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131. <b>\u00dc\u00e7 il\u00e2 yedi kat tokluk, yar\u0131m puan vanadyumdan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kazan\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/b> \u00dcstelik \u00fcretici, bu tokluk sayesinde tak\u0131m\u0131n <b>tokluk kayb\u0131 olmadan 2 HRC daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sertli\u011finde<\/b> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabildi\u011fini ve bunun <b>\u0131s\u0131l yorulma \u00e7atlaklar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumunu s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/b> bildiriyor. <b>Kalite de\u011fil, s\u0131n\u0131f y\u00fckseltin.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">Is\u0131l i\u015flemciden 52 HRC sertlik raporu geldi ve kal\u0131p yine de k\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Nas\u0131l olur?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sertlik, H11&#8217;de kabul kriteri DE\u011e\u0130LD\u0130R. Kabul kriteri tokluktur ve sertlik onu \u00f6l\u00e7mez.<\/b><br \/>H11&#8217;de do\u011fru sertli\u011fe <b>yanl\u0131\u015f yoldan<\/b> ula\u015fman\u0131n en az \u00fc\u00e7 yolu vard\u0131r ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de sertlik testinden ge\u00e7er:<br \/><b>1. Yava\u015f su verme.<\/b> So\u011fuma \u00e7ok yava\u015fsa, ostenitten ge\u00e7erken <b>tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda karb\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6kelir<\/b>. Matris h\u00e2l\u00e2 sertle\u015fir \u2014 sertlik tutar \u2014 ama tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 zay\u0131flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <b>K\u0131r\u0131lma, tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 boyunca ve haber vermeden gelir.<\/b> Enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda asgari so\u011fuma h\u0131z\u0131 \u015fart\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131k sebebi tam olarak budur.<br \/><b>2. Tek temperleme.<\/b> H11, su verildikten sonra kayda de\u011fer <b>kal\u0131nt\u0131 ostenit<\/b> ta\u015f\u0131r. Birinci temperleme onu karars\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve so\u011furken <b>taze, temperlenmemi\u015f martensite<\/b> d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. <b>Par\u00e7a, f\u0131r\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u00e7inde hi\u00e7 temperlenmemi\u015f, gevrek martensit ta\u015f\u0131yarak \u00e7\u0131kar<\/b> \u2014 ve sertli\u011fi tam da bu y\u00fczden do\u011fru okunur. <b>\u0130kinci temperleme o taze martensiti temperlemek i\u00e7indir ve atlanamaz.<\/b><br \/><b>3. \u00c7ok y\u00fcksek ostenitleme.<\/b> 1030\u20131040 \u00b0C&#8217;de sertlik ve s\u0131cak dayan\u0131m artar, <b>ama ostenit tanesi irile\u015fir ve tokluk d\u00fc\u015fer<\/b>. Sertlik raporunda bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez.<br \/><b>Bir de d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc, \u00e7ok sinsi ihtimal var:<\/b> par\u00e7a temperlemeden \u00f6nce oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bekletilmi\u015f olabilir. <b>Su verilmi\u015f H11, 50\u201370 \u00b0C&#8217;ye indikten sonra hemen temperlenmelidir<\/b>; bekletilirse kendili\u011finden \u00e7atlar ve bu \u00e7atlak g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyecek kadar ince olabilir.<br \/><b>Ne isteyin:<\/b> sertlik raporu de\u011fil, <b>(a) so\u011fuma e\u011frisi veya asgari so\u011fuma h\u0131z\u0131 kayd\u0131, (b) temperleme \u00e7evrim say\u0131s\u0131 ve her \u00e7evrimin s\u00fcresi\/s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, (c) ara so\u011futmalar\u0131n oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n teyidi, (d) ostenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve (e) m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse bir Charpy numunesi.<\/b> <b>Bunlar\u0131 vermeyen bir \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemciyle kritik kal\u0131p yapt\u0131rmay\u0131n.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">Havac\u0131l\u0131k m\u00fc\u015fterimiz AMS 6487 istiyor ama elimizde ASTM A681 H11 var. Kullanabilir miyiz?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>Hay\u0131r \u2014 ve sebep \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 katmanda.<\/b><br \/><b>Birinci katman: karbon band\u0131.<\/b> ASTM A681 H11&#8217;de karbon <b>%0,33\u20130,43<\/b>&#8216;t\u00fcr. AMS 6487&#8217;de <b>%0,38\u20130,43<\/b> \u2014 yani <b>band\u0131n yaln\u0131zca \u00fcst yar\u0131s\u0131<\/b>. Elinizdeki malzeme %0,34 karbonla gelmi\u015fse ASTM&#8217;ye tamamen uygundur ama <b>AMS 6487&#8217;nin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r<\/b>. Ve bu akademik bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131 de\u011fil: yap\u0131sal kullan\u0131mda hedef <b>260 ksi (1793 MPa) \u00fczeri dayan\u0131md\u0131r<\/b> ve band\u0131n alt ucundaki karbonla o dayan\u0131m g\u00fcvenilir bi\u00e7imde tutturulamaz.<br \/><b>\u0130kinci katman: ergitme rotas\u0131.<\/b> AMS 6487 <b>Consumable Electrode Vacuum Re-Melted<\/b> der \u2014 <b>VAR zorunludur<\/b>. ASTM A681 hi\u00e7bir ergitme rotas\u0131 dayatmaz. <b>Bu, kimya \u015fart\u0131ndan daha belirleyici olan \u015fartt\u0131r<\/b>: 1793 MPa s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131nda bir yap\u0131sal \u00e7elikte inkl\u00fczyon, do\u011frudan bir yorulma \u00e7atla\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flemle yok edilemez.<br \/><b>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc katman: muayene ve izlenebilirlik rejimi.<\/b> Havac\u0131l\u0131k malzemesi, d\u00f6k\u00fcm numaras\u0131 izlenebilirli\u011fi, muayene seviyesi ve serbest b\u0131rakma dok\u00fcmantasyonuyla birlikte gelir. <b>Bir kal\u0131p at\u00f6lyesi sto\u011fundaki blok, teknik olarak ayn\u0131 kimyada olsa bile bu zinciri ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/b><br \/><b>Ters y\u00f6nde de dikkat edin:<\/b> AMS 6487 malzemesi ASTM A681 H11 yerine <b>kullan\u0131labilir<\/b> (daha dar ve daha temizdir) \u2014 ama bunu yapmak neredeyse her zaman <b>para israf\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>. Bir al\u00fcminyum enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131 VAR ergitmeden fayda g\u00f6rmez; onun ihtiyac\u0131 <b>NADCA s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 temizlik ve do\u011frulanm\u0131\u015f tokluk<\/b>tur, havac\u0131l\u0131k izlenebilirli\u011fi de\u011fil. <b>\u0130ki d\u00fcnyay\u0131 ayr\u0131 tutun: AMS havac\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7indir, NADCA kal\u0131p i\u00e7indir, ASTM A681 ikisinin de alt\u0131ndaki ortak zemindir.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">H11 ile H13 aras\u0131ndaki fiyat fark\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck. Neden hep H13 al\u0131p ge\u00e7meyelim?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>\u00c7o\u011fu i\u015f i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten \u00f6yle yapabilirsiniz \u2014 ve sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 zaten \u00f6yle yap\u0131yor.<\/b> H13, al\u00fcminyum enjeksiyon kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya standard\u0131d\u0131r, tedariki en geni\u015ftir, NADCA kabul kriterlerinin merkezindedir ve \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem penceresi en iyi bilinen kalitedir. <b>Bilmedi\u011finiz bir i\u015f i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan tercih H13 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/b><br \/><b>H11&#8217;i \u00f6zellikle araman\u0131z gereken d\u00f6rt durum vard\u0131r:<\/b><br \/><b>1. \u00c7ok a\u011f\u0131r kesit.<\/b> Kesit b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e so\u011fuma h\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer ve tokluk \u00f6d\u00fcn verir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vanadyumlu H11, ayn\u0131 kesitte H13&#8217;ten daha toktur. <b>B\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6vme kal\u0131plarda ve a\u011f\u0131r bloklarda H11 h\u00e2l\u00e2 tercih edilir.<\/b><br \/><b>2. \u015eiddetli termal \u015fok ve\/veya su so\u011futma.<\/b> Klasik tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fi prati\u011fi burada H11&#8217;i i\u015faret eder ve bir ABD kayna\u011f\u0131 H11 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a <i>\u201cserviste su so\u011futmas\u0131na izin verir\u201d<\/i> der.<br \/><b>3. Kal\u0131p tek seferde k\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00fcyorsa.<\/b> B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7atlak, k\u00f6\u015feden kopma, tam ayr\u0131lma \u2014 bunlar <b>a\u015f\u0131nma de\u011fil tokluk hasarlar\u0131d\u0131r<\/b> ve cevap H13&#8217;\u00fcn vanadyumunu art\u0131rmak de\u011fil, azaltmakt\u0131r.<br \/><b>4. Havac\u0131l\u0131k yap\u0131sal kullan\u0131m\u0131.<\/b> Bu tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r: orada se\u00e7im H13 de\u011fil, <b>AMS 6487 H11<\/b>&#8216;dir ve alternatifi yoktur.<br \/><b>Tersine, H11&#8217;i ARAMAMANIZ gereken durum da nettir:<\/b> kal\u0131p a\u015f\u0131narak \u00f6l\u00fcyorsa (boyut kayb\u0131, a\u011f\u0131z yuvarlanmas\u0131, eroziv oyulma), <b>H11&#8217;in daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck vanadyumu sizi daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr<\/b>. <b>Karar kriteri fiyat fark\u0131 de\u011fil, kal\u0131b\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm bi\u00e7imidir<\/b> \u2014 ve o bi\u00e7im, hurdaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f kal\u0131b\u0131n y\u00fczeyine bak\u0131larak okunur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:18px 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:#12303f;line-height:1.5;\">Veri sayfalar\u0131nda s\u0131k rastlanan hatalar \u2014 sipari\u015f vermeden \u00f6nce kontrol edin<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 12px;font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;\"><b>1. AMS 6485 ve AMS 6488&#8217;in h\u00e2l\u00e2 ge\u00e7erliymi\u015f gibi listelenmesi.<\/b> <b>AMS 6485H, Ekim 2006&#8217;da; AMS 6488H, Ocak 2008&#8217;de \u0130PTAL ED\u0130LM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R.<\/b> Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki H11 havac\u0131l\u0131k \u015fartnamesi <b>AMS 6487<\/b>&#8216;dir (rev. M, 2021). <b>Bu ikisini listeleyen bir veri sayfas\u0131 en az on be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r g\u00fcncellenmemi\u015ftir \u2014 \u00fczerindeki di\u011fer bilgilere de o g\u00f6zle bak\u0131n.<\/b><br \/><b>2. \u201cH11 ile H13 fiilen ayn\u0131 \u00e7eliktir\u201d c\u00fcmlesi.<\/b> <b>YANLI\u015e.<\/b> Vanadyum <b>%0,30\u20130,60&#8217;a kar\u015f\u0131 %0,80\u20131,20<\/b> \u2014 <b>yakla\u015f\u0131k iki kat<\/b>. Tek fark budur ve a\u015f\u0131nma, tokluk ve \u0131s\u0131l \u00e7atlama dengesini tamamen de\u011fi\u015ftirir.<br \/><b>3. Is\u0131 iletkenli\u011finin 42,2 W\/m\u00b7K verilmesi.<\/b> <b>Ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011ferdir.<\/b> \u0130ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Avrupa \u00fcreticisi 20 \u00b0C i\u00e7in <b>24,9\u201325 W\/m\u00b7K<\/b> yay\u0131ml\u0131yor. <b>42,2 rakam\u0131n\u0131 kullanmay\u0131n<\/b> \u2014 ve bu, kal\u0131p so\u011futma hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ikiye katlayacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir hatad\u0131r.<br \/><b>4. Tek bir \u201ctemperleme e\u011frisi\u201d yay\u0131mlamak.<\/b> H11&#8217;in sertlik\u2013temperleme e\u011frisi <b>ostenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re yer de\u011fi\u015ftirir<\/b>. Bir kaynak ikincil sertle\u015fme pikini <b>~400 \u00b0C<\/b>&#8216;de, bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 \u00e7ok daha yayvan ve 600 \u00b0C&#8217;de h\u00e2l\u00e2 ~47 HRC olan bir e\u011fri g\u00f6steriyor. <b>Ostenitleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, numune \u00e7ap\u0131 ve \u00e7evrim say\u0131s\u0131 yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir temperleme tablosu kullan\u0131lamaz.<\/b><br \/><b>5. \u201c\u00c7ift temperleme \u00f6nerilir\u201d yazmak.<\/b> <b>\u00d6nerilmez, ZORUNLUDUR.<\/b> Birinci temperleme, kal\u0131nt\u0131 osteniti taze ve temperlenmemi\u015f martensite d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr; ikinci temperleme onu temperlemek i\u00e7indir. <b>Havac\u0131l\u0131k rotas\u0131nda \u00e7evrim say\u0131s\u0131 \u00dc\u00c7T\u00dcR.<\/b><br \/><b>6. Gerilim giderme s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/b> <b>Sertle\u015ftirme \u00f6ncesi<\/b> gerilim giderme (kaynaklara g\u00f6re 350 \u00b0C il\u00e2 600\u2013670 \u00b0C) ile <b>sertle\u015ftirme sonras\u0131<\/b> gerilim giderme (son temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 28\u201342 \u00b0C alt\u0131nda) <b>ayn\u0131 i\u015flem de\u011fildir<\/b>. \u0130kisini kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak sertle\u015fmi\u015f bir par\u00e7ay\u0131 yumu\u015fat\u0131r.<br \/><b>7. Yumu\u015fatma tav\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tek rakam verilmesi.<\/b> Yay\u0131mlanan de\u011ferler <b>750\u2013800, 800\u2013810, 850 ve 871 \u00b0C<\/b> aras\u0131nda da\u011f\u0131l\u0131yor. <b>Ortalama almay\u0131n<\/b>; kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fcreticinin kendi sayfas\u0131n\u0131 izleyin. <b>Ortak kabul kriteri sonu\u00e7tur: tavl\u0131 sertlik \u2264229 HB.<\/b><br \/><b>8. Charpy de\u011ferinin \u015farts\u0131z yay\u0131mlanmas\u0131.<\/b> Klasik H11 i\u00e7in yay\u0131mlanan bant <b>13,6\u201333,9 J<\/b>, modifiye\/premium bir H11 i\u00e7in <b>~80\u2013100 J<\/b>. <b>\u00dc\u00e7 il\u00e2 yedi kat fark.<\/b> Sertlik, temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, numune y\u00f6n\u00fc ve kalite s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 yaz\u0131lmadan bir tokluk rakam\u0131 anlams\u0131zd\u0131r.<br \/><b>9. \u201c%5 krom i\u00e7erir, korozyona dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d c\u00fcmlesi.<\/b> <b>YANLI\u015e.<\/b> Paslanmazl\u0131k e\u015fi\u011fi <b>~%10,5 Cr<\/b>&#8216;dir. <b>H11 paslan\u0131r.<\/b> Krom orada sertle\u015febilirlik ve s\u0131cak dayan\u0131m i\u00e7in vard\u0131r.<br \/><b>10. EDM sonras\u0131 ad\u0131m\u0131n atlanmas\u0131.<\/b> Beyaz tabaka (recast layer) <b>hem mekanik olarak kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 HEM DE par\u00e7a yeniden temperlenmelidir<\/b>. Birini yap\u0131p di\u011ferini atlamak, hasar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yerinde b\u0131rak\u0131r.<br \/><b>11. \u201cHava sertle\u015fmeli\u201d ifadesinin \u201cyava\u015f so\u011futulabilir\u201d diye okunmas\u0131.<\/b> <b>Tehlikeli bir okuma hatas\u0131.<\/b> H11 havada sertle\u015fir, ama <b>yava\u015f so\u011fuma tane s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda karb\u00fcr \u00e7\u00f6keltir ve toklu\u011fu bitirir<\/b> \u2014 sertlik testi bunu g\u00f6stermez.<br \/><b>12. Su verme sonras\u0131 bekletmenin zarars\u0131z san\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/b> <b>50\u201370 \u00b0C&#8217;ye inmi\u015f bir H11 par\u00e7as\u0131 derhal temperlemeye al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>; bekletilirse kendili\u011finden \u00e7atlar.<br \/><b>13. ASTM A681 ile AMS 6487&#8217;nin e\u015fde\u011fer san\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/b> AMS 6487 karbonu <b>%0,38\u20130,43&#8217;e daralt\u0131r<\/b> ve <b>VAR zorunlu k\u0131lar<\/b>. <b>Her AMS 6487 bir A681 H11&#8217;dir; her A681 H11 bir AMS 6487 de\u011fildir.<\/b><br \/><b>14. EN ad\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/b> G\u00fcncel EN ad\u0131 <b>X37CrMoV5-1<\/b>&#8216;dir. <b>X38CrMoV5-1<\/b> eski\/alternatif adland\u0131rma olarak dola\u015f\u0131r; <b>X40CrMoV5-1 ise 1.2344, yani H13&#8217;t\u00fcr<\/b> \u2014 bamba\u015fka bir kalite.<br \/><b>15. \u00dcretici nominalinin standart band\u0131 san\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/b> Be\u015f farkl\u0131 \u00fcretici, hepsi \u201cH11\u201d ad\u0131yla, karbonu <b>0,36 il\u00e2 0,40<\/b>, silisyumu <b>0,3 il\u00e2 1,1<\/b>, vanadyumu <b>0,40 il\u00e2 0,50<\/b> aras\u0131nda yay\u0131ml\u0131yor. <b>Kal\u0131p \u00f6mr\u00fc kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda \u00fcretici ad\u0131 verilmeden yap\u0131lan \u201cayn\u0131 malzeme\u201d iddias\u0131 anlams\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/b><br \/><b>16. S\u0131cakl\u0131k iddialar\u0131n\u0131n etiketlenmemesi.<\/b> <b>538 \u00b0C<\/b> bir <b>yumu\u015famaya diren\u00e7<\/b> rakam\u0131d\u0131r; <b>427\u2013649 \u00b0C<\/b> bir <b>s\u00fcr\u00fcnme\/kopma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/b> aral\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r; <b>servis s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131<\/b> ise se\u00e7ti\u011finiz <b>temperleme s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r<\/b>. <b>\u00dc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 say\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 anlam \u2014 her birini etiketleyin.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/dm-zengin --><\/p>\n<p><!-- dm-ic-baglanti --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-ic-baglanti\" style=\"margin:28px 0 0;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#FBFCFD;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;\">\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 10px;\"><span style=\"color:#DD3333;font-weight:700;\">&rarr;<\/span> H11 stok durumu, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve AMS 6487 \/ AMS 6437 sertifikal\u0131 tedarik i\u00e7in bizimle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/bize-ulasin\/\" style=\"display:inline-block;background:#DD3333;color:#ffffff;font-weight:700;font-size:14px;padding:9px 16px;text-decoration:none;\">Teklif isteyin<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-ic-baglanti --><br \/>\n<!-- dm-benzer --><\/p>\n<div class=\"dm-benzer\" style=\"margin:22px 0 0;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;background:#FBFCFD;\">\n<p style=\"font-size:11px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#9aa3a8;margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.4;\">Benzer \u00fcr\u00fcnler<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0;font-size:15px;line-height:2;color:#333;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/300m\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">300M<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/aermet-100\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">AerMet 100<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/aisi-4340\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">AISI 4340<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/maraging-350\/\" style=\"color:#24BEE5;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">Maraging 350<\/a> &nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/alasimli-celikler\/\" style=\"color:#666;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none;\">T\u00fcm ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00e7elikler &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/dm-benzer --><\/p>\n<p><!-- dm-ld --><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"name\":\"H11\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/h11\/\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"description\":\"AISI H11 (UNS T20811 \/ W.Nr. 1.2343 \/ EN X37CrMoV5-1), %5 kromlu, hava sertle\u015fmeli bir s\u0131cak i\u015f tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fidir: nominal %0,38 C \u2013 %5,0 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,4 V \u2013 %1,0 Si.\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"name\":\"Defence Metal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"Defence Metal\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/\"},\"mainEntity\":{\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"name\":\"H11\",\"description\":\"AISI H11 (UNS T20811 \/ W.Nr. 1.2343 \/ EN X37CrMoV5-1), %5 kromlu, hava sertle\u015fmeli bir s\u0131cak i\u015f tak\u0131m \u00e7eli\u011fidir: nominal %0,38 C \u2013 %5,0 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,4 V \u2013 %1,0 Si.\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":{\"@type\":\"DefinedTermSet\",\"name\":\"Defence Metal - metal ve ala\u015f\u0131mlar\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/\"},\"alternateName\":[\"UNS T20811\",\"W.Nr. 1.2343\",\"X37CrMoV5-1\"],\"identifier\":[{\"@type\":\"PropertyValue\",\"propertyID\":\"UNS\",\"value\":\"T20811\"},{\"@type\":\"PropertyValue\",\"propertyID\":\"Werkstoffnummer\",\"value\":\"1.2343\"}],\"additionalProperty\":[{\"@type\":\"PropertyValue\",\"name\":\"DIN \/ EN ad\u0131\",\"value\":\"X37CrMoV5-1\"}]}}<\/script><!-- \/dm-ld --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H11 \/ AMS 6487 \/ AMS 6437 DEFENCE METAL H11 UNS T20811 \u00b7 W.Nr. 1.2343 \u00b7 EN ISO 4957 X37CrMoV5-1 (eski DIN ad\u0131 X38CrMoV5-1) \u00b7 JIS SKD6 \u00b7 BS BH11 \u00b7 ~%5 Cr \u2013 %1,3 Mo \u2013 %0,4 V \u2013 C ~%0,37. %5 KROMLU SICAK \u0130\u015e TAKIM \u00c7EL\u0130\u011e\u0130D\u0130R. EN ISO 4957 band\u0131 (1.2343): C %0,33-0,41 &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.defencemetal.com\/index.php\/h11\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;H11&#8221;<\/span>devam\u0131n\u0131 oku<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H11 | AMS 6485 \/ AMS 6487 | Defence Metal","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H11 \u2014 AMS 6485, AMS 6487 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131. \u00c7ubuk, lama, levha, sac, boru ve d\u00f6vme formlar\u0131nda temin edilir.","inspiro_hide_title":false,"inspiro_hide_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"dm_sektor":[10,9],"class_list":["post-2949","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>H11 | AMS 6485 \/ AMS 6487 | Defence 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